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1、浙江大學(xué)農(nóng)業(yè)與生物技術(shù)學(xué)院碩士學(xué)位論文中小葉種后發(fā)酵茶加工過程中化學(xué)成分變化研究姓名:張穎彬申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別:碩士專業(yè):農(nóng)學(xué)/園藝學(xué)/茶學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師:龔淑英20080501摘要本研究通過先期進(jìn)行具體的加工工藝試驗(yàn),采用浙江省中小葉種的原料制作硒青毛茶,通過人工接種和自然能發(fā)酵兩種處理模式進(jìn)行浙江原料生產(chǎn)后發(fā)酵茶的渥堆陳化過程研究。在后發(fā)酵試驗(yàn)過程中,隨著試驗(yàn)的進(jìn)行,茶多酚,氨基酸,茶黃素,茶紅素,可溶性糖,水浸出物均呈現(xiàn)出明顯的下降趨勢,其中茶多酚下降了近75%,氨基酸下降了50%以上,茶黃素和茶紅素下降到接近零值,可溶性糖下降了50%左右,水浸出物下降了近40%
2、。茶褐素呈現(xiàn)出明顯的上升趨勢,上升幅度達(dá)3-4倍,咖啡堿略有上升,上升幅度為13%左右。兩種處理模式下,人工接種的茶堆茶多酚的下降幅度要高于自然發(fā)酵的茶堆。人工接種的茶堆氨基酸呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的趨勢,而自然發(fā)酵的茶堆呈現(xiàn)逐步下降的趨勢。兩茶堆茶黃素和茶紅素含量變化趨勢相似,但變化速率與幅度不同。自然發(fā)酵的茶堆茶褐素含量高于人工發(fā)酵的茶堆。兩茶堆可溶性糖變化趨勢基本相同。人工接種的茶堆水浸出物的下降幅度要高于自然發(fā)酵的茶堆。翻堆結(jié)束后,對(duì)所得茶樣進(jìn)行的審評(píng)結(jié)果顯示,利用浙江夏秋茶原料試制的后發(fā)酵茶具有明顯的后發(fā)酵茶特征。浙江夏秋茶原料制作的后發(fā)酵茶在品質(zhì)上已經(jīng)
3、具備了進(jìn)入市場的前提條件。關(guān)鍵詞:后發(fā)酵,茶多酚,氨基酸,茶紅素,茶褐素,可溶性糖,自然發(fā)酵,人工接種AbstractWeusethesun·-driedrawgreenteamadebymedium·—smallsizeleavesinZhejiangProvincetoresearchthepile·fermentationwithtwotreatments(with/withoutinoculation).DuringthepostfermentationIthecontentof3"Plaminoacids.TFs.TRs,solublesugara
4、ndwaterextractshowedadownwardtrendclearly.TPdroppedalmost75percent,aminoaciddroppedbymorethan50percent,TFsandTRsdroppedtonearlyzero,solublesugarfellbyabout50percent,andwaterextracthadadecreaseofnearly40percent.TBsshowedaclearupwardtrendwhichincreasedby3-4times,andcaffeineincreaseds
5、lightly,whichincreasedby13percent.Undertwotreatments,thechemicalcompositionvariationwasdifferent.TheTPcontentoftheinoculatedpiledeclinedfasterthanthepilewithoutinoculation.Theaminoacidcontentoftheinoculatedpileroseatfirst,andthendeclined,whiletheaminoacidcontentofthepilewithoutinoc
6、ulationshowedgradualdownwardtrend.ThevariationtreadsofTFsandTRsweresimilar,butthevariationrateandmagnitudeweredifferent.TheTBscontentoftheinoculatedpilewaslowerthanthepilewithoutinoculation.Thevariationtreadsofsolublesugarwasalmostthesamewithanevenlydeclineduringpile—fermentation.T
7、hedeclinerateofwaterextractwithinoculatedpilewashigherthanthepilewithoutinoculation.Afterthepile·fermentation,thetasteofallthesamplesshowedthatthepostfermentationteamadebysummerandautumnleavesinZhejiangProvincehasobviouscharacteristicsofpostfermentationtea.Webelievethatthepostferme
8、ntationteaprocessedbysumme