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1、摘要唐玄宗時(shí)期對(duì)于官吏的懲處,雖然與唐律的規(guī)定有關(guān),但實(shí)際情況卻涉及對(duì)皇權(quán)的維護(hù)及權(quán)力斗爭(zhēng)。本文的落腳之處在于后者,而非法律條文的規(guī)定。唐玄宗統(tǒng)治前期,勵(lì)精圖治,嚴(yán)格治吏,社會(huì)發(fā)展至鼎盛階段。開(kāi)元二十四年以后,玄宗怠于政事,一心享樂(lè),不再嚴(yán)于整飭吏治,使得權(quán)臣猖狂,吏治敗壞,以致引發(fā)安史之亂。除去緒論、結(jié)語(yǔ)外,本文分為三大部分:第一章敘述開(kāi)元前中期的官吏懲治。筆者選取姚崇和張說(shuō)作為兩個(gè)代表人物,來(lái)論述官吏懲治對(duì)皇權(quán)維護(hù)的作用。姚崇的上臺(tái)是唐玄宗將功臣外任、撥亂反正的結(jié)果;姚崇被罷免宰相不僅因?yàn)樗v容兒子、屬下貪贓,而且出于玄宗對(duì)時(shí)局的考慮。張說(shuō)的上臺(tái)是唐玄宗大興文治的需要,后來(lái)
2、因?yàn)樨澵?cái)、與字文融不合,被彈劾引術(shù)士占星而下臺(tái)。大體而言,開(kāi)元前中期,由于唐玄宗銳意進(jìn)取、勤于政事,其采取的官吏黜陟措施發(fā)揮了維護(hù)政權(quán)穩(wěn)定的效果。第二章討論開(kāi)元二十四年的變化。這一年是唐玄宗由明變昏的轉(zhuǎn)折年,也是大唐王朝由盛轉(zhuǎn)衰的漸變年。一方面,唐玄宗本人開(kāi)始不顧政事、及時(shí)行樂(lè);另一方面,耿直的文臣張九齡因?yàn)榻Y(jié)黨案被貶黜,機(jī)變的李林甫則成為首席宰相。李林甫既修訂了一些律令格式,為唐王朝提供制度等保障,又出于私人目的打擊異己,使朝廷無(wú)人敢進(jìn)言。第三章論述開(kāi)元后期、天寶年間的官吏懲治。這一階段,李林甫一邊掀起幾次大案打壓太子李亨,一邊鏟除有可能威脅自己相位的韋堅(jiān)、楊慎矜等人。而李林
3、甫死后反被楊國(guó)忠清算。綜觀唐玄宗朝官吏懲治的情況,可知,官吏的懲治雖然與律文的規(guī)定有關(guān),更重要的是,受到皇帝意志、官場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)、時(shí)局變化的影響。關(guān)鍵詞唐玄宗,官吏,懲治,皇權(quán)ABSTRACTAlthoughthepunishmentofofficialsduringtheperiodofTangxuanzongwasrelatedtoTangDynasty'slaw,thetruthisitmostlyduedtotheprotectionofemperor’Sauthorityandpowerstruggle.Thispaperconcemsaboutthelatter.ForT
4、angxuanzong,heworkedreallyhardandwasstricttogovernentofficials,whichmadethecountryextremelyprosperous.Afterthe24yearsofKaiyuanperiod,hebecamelazy,justlookedforfun,andwasonlongerstricttothegovementofficials,whichmadetheministerssavageandtumedintotheenentofsimplifiedchinese.Thispaperdividedint
5、othreeparts:ThefirstchapterisaboutthepunishmentofofficialsinthefrontperiodofKaiyuanperiod.IttakesexamplesofYaochongandZhangshuotodiscusshowthepunishmentofofficialsprotectedemperor’Sauthority.Yaochongcametopowerwasbecausetheemperorintendedtosendthemeritoriousministerfromcapitaltotheprovincesa
6、ndclarifyconfusionandbringthingsbacktoorder.Yaochongwasdismissalofprimeministerwasnotonlybecauseheconnivancedofhissonandsubordinates’corruption,butalsoTangxuanzongwasconsideredaboutthecurrentpoliticalsituation.Zhangshuocametopowerwasbecausetheemperorneededtopromotetheculture.Hewasfininallyfi
7、red,whichduestohisgreedy,hedidn’tgetalongwellwithYuwenrong,andinvitedwarlockforIIIastrology.Ingenerally,thepubnishmentofofficialshelpedtheregimestable.Thesecondchapterisaboutthechangesinthe24thyearofKaiyuan.ItwastheyeatTangxuanzongbecamefatuousandt