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高考英語復(fù)習(xí)向?qū)б桓呖加⒄Z試卷的結(jié)構(gòu)和考查重點(diǎn)全國英語高考統(tǒng)一試卷是由國家教育部全國考試中心命制的。今年寧夏作為參加新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)教材試驗(yàn)地區(qū)首次進(jìn)行自主命題。但實(shí)際上寧夏高考卷仍然由國家教育部全國考試中心命制，在全國卷1的基礎(chǔ)上把笫三部分閱讀理解變成了兩節(jié)，刪去了全國卷五篇文章中的E篇，增加了笫二節(jié)閱讀填空，并對短文改錯做了改動，使之成為新題型。因此，分析和研究自2001年以來全國統(tǒng)一卷和2007年寧夏卷的命題方向和特點(diǎn)，可以幫助我們明確今后全國高考英語科試卷尤其是寧夏卷命題的方向，了解各大題考查要點(diǎn)和范圍，從而制定出科學(xué)的復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃、正確選用復(fù)習(xí)資料，提高復(fù)習(xí)效果。一、單項(xiàng)填空—考點(diǎn)靈活多變，在情景中考查語言知識單項(xiàng)填空題測試考生對英語語法、詞匯知識和簡單表達(dá)形式的掌握情況。單項(xiàng)填空題的特點(diǎn)為·1內(nèi)容覆蓋面廣，考查內(nèi)容均為大綱中所列的語法項(xiàng)目；2.重點(diǎn)突出，強(qiáng)調(diào)對動詞的考查；3突出語境的作用，提供語境，間接考查語言知識的運(yùn)用。近年未全國高考英語試卷的單項(xiàng)填空試題都是以考查考生在理解題干的內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上對詞匯或語法知識的掌握力主，沒有出現(xiàn)偏題、怪題、難題。2007年高考全國卷I的單項(xiàng)填空在秉承了“盡可能增加綜合性與語境化的因素”這一命題原則的前提下，保證了知識的覆蓋面。單項(xiàng)填空15個(gè)小題涉及了交際用語(33)、時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)語氣(32、35)、情態(tài)動詞(27)、非謂語動詞（動詞不定式—25、過去分詞—28、現(xiàn)在分詞—29)、動詞和短語動詞辨析(30、34)、代詞it用法和主謂一致(21)、定語從句(22)、連詞(26、31)、介詞(23)、習(xí)語和固定搭配(24)．與往年相同的是動詞所占的比重仍然較大（共8個(gè)）．為了保證語境設(shè)置的充分，15個(gè)題目的提干形式全部使用了較為復(fù)雜的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，其中有對話、并列句和復(fù)合句，句式雖然復(fù)雜，但沒有在形式上故意設(shè)置障礙，而是注重語言內(nèi)在的邏輯聯(lián)系，要求考生在上下文語境推理中得出答案。無分體現(xiàn)了高考英語試卷作為“語言交際能力測試”的定位。那么，近年來高考單項(xiàng)選擇題究竟重點(diǎn)考查了那些語法和其他語言知識呢？2001—2007年13套全國高考卷中單項(xiàng)填空題共195個(gè)，各個(gè)語言知識考查項(xiàng)目在每年單選題中的數(shù)量及其在195個(gè)單項(xiàng)填空題中所占的比例見下表。01020304104U04Ill04IV051、[I05III06I06ll0710711合計(jì)占總和語言知識考查項(xiàng)目%323232L3343223316.9動詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣IIlIII2IIIII136,7情態(tài)動詞I3II222IIII3I2010.3非謂語動詞22222II2I22199.7動詞和短語動詞辨析IlIIJII73.6定語從句2I1III2IIII5.6名詞從句IIIIIII73.6狀語從句名詞III3I52形容詞和副詞III2I21I2147.2II代詞II2I2l2II1472I冠詞I1lIIIII94.6lI介詞IIII63I2I連詞III2II105II陽裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)和其他句式I2III73.6情景交際III2III2I2II2178.7I習(xí)語和因定搭阮I(lǐng)III526由上表可見，單項(xiàng)填空題對各個(gè)語言知識項(xiàng)目的考查是有側(cè)重的。

1首先，對動詞部分的考查題數(shù)為85個(gè)，占單項(xiàng)填空題總數(shù)的43.6%。而對從句，即定語從句、名詞從句和狀語從句的考查題數(shù)力29個(gè)，占單選題總數(shù)的12.8%。對情景交際、常用句型、刁語和固定搭配的考查題共有24個(gè)，占總數(shù)的14.9%。其次，通過對2001-2007年13套全國高考卷中的195個(gè)單項(xiàng)選擇題進(jìn)行分析，我們似乎可以意識到：它們考查的大部分是英語語法知識運(yùn)用中的基礎(chǔ)和常用的方面，有些是我們中國學(xué)生容易受及語習(xí)慣影響容易出錯的地方二、完形填空—選材新穎，強(qiáng)調(diào)在語篇中對綜合運(yùn)語言能力的考查2007年全國高考題英語試卷(I)的完形填空選用了一篇情節(jié)新穎別致、語言生動幽默的小故事，畫面感很強(qiáng)，做題過程中理解起來相對容易，這為考生做題提供了很大幫助。短文中所設(shè)置的選項(xiàng)比較例重實(shí)詞，重點(diǎn)考查考生對上下文的理解，選項(xiàng)也以詞語語境辨析力主，這就要求考生通過語境做出選擇。所以考生只有立足文章通篇考慮，運(yùn)用連貫思維瞻前顧后，才能答好這道題．從2001年起，全國高考題英語試卷的完形填空題型一直保持為題分30分，共設(shè)20個(gè)空，每空1.5分。從六年來的命題傾向來看，對語言知識的考查在逐漸弱化，語法和近義詞辨析題基本上皮有了，而強(qiáng)調(diào)了對綜合運(yùn)用能力的考查，如上下文關(guān)聯(lián)、邏輯推理、細(xì)節(jié)理解、事實(shí)判斷、語句銜接、常識問題以及語篇意識等。完形填空是在語篇中測試英語基礎(chǔ)知識、閱讀能力、思維能力、判斷能力的綜合性試題。完形填空就是在語意完整的短文有目的地挖出一些空白，造成信息鏈的中斷，讓考生在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上，綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)知識和常識，對每個(gè)空格的備選選項(xiàng)做出盡可能合理的分析和判斷，從中選出正確答案或最佳答案，使重新構(gòu)建的文章主旨鮮明，文意暢達(dá)，邏輯嚴(yán)密。近幾年未高考完形填空題的最大特點(diǎn)是對具體語境、語意能力的考查，而且還更加汪重整體理解，強(qiáng)調(diào)句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，真正體現(xiàn)了以語篇代替詞語分析，以整體思維代替局部思維的特點(diǎn)。對語法知識的考查不再是考查的重點(diǎn)，更強(qiáng)調(diào)詞語之間的辨析。因此，唯有完其形才能完其意。完形填空的題型特征是：1.文章短小，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，邏輯性強(qiáng)。每篇文章都有一個(gè)主題且首句往往不設(shè)空。2.以考查對文章的理解和詞匯意義為主，常識、語法和刁慣用法為輔。3.將語言知識點(diǎn)放在語篇中進(jìn)行考查。4．四個(gè)選項(xiàng)一般都是相同或是對等的詞類。5所選文章一般都是具有一定故事情節(jié)的記敘文，近幾年未夫敘夫議的文章逐斬增多，其難度與高中教材大致相同。6文章長度一般在250-300之間。三、閱讀理解—重在判斷主旨要義推測歸納，兼顧細(xì)節(jié)理解和詞義猜測閱讀理解一貫是高中英語教學(xué)的重中之重，而且由于考試所占分值比較大，考生也在其中投入了極大的重視。2007年試題所選擇的閱讀材料題材廣泛，貼近生活、關(guān)注社會熱點(diǎn)，對考生的理解未說，這是一個(gè)有利的因素，也代表了試題的方向。所選材樸的長度都比較適中，避免了拖沓冗長，而且文中的英語用語非常地道。綜觀全卷今年的閱讀題詞匯量比較少，而且大多數(shù)題目的設(shè)置都側(cè)重于對文章細(xì)節(jié)和文章主旨大意的考查，考生容易作答。從閱讀理解問題設(shè)置方面看，可以歸結(jié)成這樣幾類：（1)對文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解，即細(xì)節(jié)理解題；（2)通過推理歸納理解；（3)劃線部分句意／詞意推理題；（4）寫作意圖或主旨?xì)w納理解。實(shí)際上，這些語言能力，在《2007年英語高考考試大綱》中都具體呈現(xiàn)了：（I)理佯主旨要義；（2)理解文中具體信息；（3)根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義；（4)做出簡單判斷和推理；（5)理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；（6)理解作者的意圖和態(tài)度。高考閱讀理解題的體裁和文體一般以記敘文、說明文和應(yīng)用文為主，間或也有議論文。記敘文有人物故事、傳記介紹、回憶錄以及新聞報(bào)道等等，說明文有現(xiàn)代科技發(fā)展和產(chǎn)品介紹、人文歷史、時(shí)事、生物、地理介紹等等；而議論文則有當(dāng)今熱點(diǎn)話題評述以及對各種社會現(xiàn)象和觀點(diǎn)的評論等等；尤其應(yīng)該注意的是，近幾年未應(yīng)用文如廣告、通知、書信、表格等應(yīng)用文體裁的篇目有上升的趨勢。我們認(rèn)為這是為了體現(xiàn)中學(xué)英語教學(xué)針對實(shí)用，面向社會實(shí)際的要求。四、閱讀填空—閱讀新題型，強(qiáng)調(diào)對語句序列整合的邏輯認(rèn)知能力

2今年寧夏高考卷中出現(xiàn)的新題型之一是“閱讀填空題“，這是自英語高考出現(xiàn)聽力新題型以來，又一次出現(xiàn)新的題型。從質(zhì)量上未說，“閱讀填空浙題型遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過當(dāng)年的聽力新題型，因?yàn)殚喿x填空本質(zhì)和冗形填空一樣上屁于閱讀能力、思維能力、判斷能力的綜合性試題這一語言運(yùn)用形態(tài)，與完形填空的不同之處是它的考查單位從詞語上升到了語句?？梢哉f，＂閱讀填空”這一新題型的出現(xiàn)是方向性的，是英語高考適應(yīng)課程改革需要發(fā)展的號角?！伴喿x填空題”一般選用邏輯性很強(qiáng)的議論文和說明文，要求考查考生在語篇中對語句序列組合的邏輯認(rèn)知能力，而對語句序列整合的邏輯認(rèn)知能力的訓(xùn)練一直及有得到應(yīng)有的重視。我們可以借助新題型的練習(xí)，強(qiáng)化通過閱讀強(qiáng)化邏輯認(rèn)知的能力．五、短文改錯—針對的都是中國學(xué)生最典型、最常犯的英語寫作錯誤幾年來高考試題中的短文改錯難度相對適中，錯誤類型大部分都屬于學(xué)生在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中常犯、易犯的錯誤，比較容易判斷。今年寧夏卷采用了改錯新題型。短文行數(shù)由10行變?yōu)?行，由原來的必有一行正硐其余9行必有一錯，而考生必須針對錯誤進(jìn)行增、刪、改，變?yōu)獒槍渥雍腿M(jìn)行增、刪、改，每句最多兩錯。變化后的新題型的難度當(dāng)然是提高了，它主要測試考生的語言基礎(chǔ)知識及綜合應(yīng)用能力．六、書面表達(dá)—貼近生活實(shí)際考查最基本的英語寫作能力2007年全國卷（也包括寧夏卷）的高考作文試題，考的是一封征尋筆友的信，只考了年齡、性別和愛好3個(gè)點(diǎn)，比較簡單。但考生在處理細(xì)節(jié)的時(shí)候要特別留心出題者的意圖和考察要點(diǎn)，只有這樣今年的高考寫作才能取得較好的分?jǐn)?shù)．二高考英語試卷的解題方法與思路一、單項(xiàng)填空題解題策略與技巧盡管單項(xiàng)填空題往往只是一個(gè)不長的語句，或者是由兩三句話構(gòu)成的一個(gè)語段或者對話，但它們卻是在真實(shí)的情景中考查了我們對詞匯、語法的掌握運(yùn)用和對語句、語境的理解。有人說，每一個(gè)單項(xiàng)填空題都是一個(gè)小小的語言世界，那里面人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件、結(jié)果等等都“五臟俱全＂。各種語法項(xiàng)目穿插其中，真可謂是＂步步有陷阱＂。那么，做單選題究竟有沒有方法和路徑呢？下面，我們就介紹一些做單選題的思路和方法，供大家參考。（一）完整把握語境法就是把題干語句或語段中所包涵的人物、場合、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等種種因素全都還原出來，找出答題的祁據(jù)。語境是指一定的語言環(huán)境。單選題所給的四個(gè)答案選項(xiàng)中往往不止一個(gè)答案在語法上是正確的，但只有一個(gè)答案符合試題所給的語境。能不能看破這個(gè)述津，眈取決于我們的理解能力，同時(shí)也與我們的文學(xué)修養(yǎng)有關(guān)。單項(xiàng)填空題的考查目的就是考查學(xué)生在特定語境中準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用語法知識的能力。好的考題中的語境設(shè)置往往十分自然、巧妙，它要求我們選擇的不只是正確答案，而是最佳答案，因?yàn)檎Z法上正確的答案不一定是實(shí)際生活交際中最得體、最合適、最佳的答案。因此我們做題時(shí)，一定要找出字里行1司中的隱含信息，瞻前顧后，通盤考慮，準(zhǔn)確地把握語境內(nèi)涵，有針對性地分析語法成分，才能避免出錯。例題1:-CanIspeaktoMr.Wang,please?A.Whoareyou?B.I'mWang.C.Speaking.D.At·eyouJohn?答案：C。這道題并沒有單純考查語法知識，或者說如果單純從語法角度看，四個(gè)答案都不失力正確答案。之所以選擇答案C,是因?yàn)樵擃}考查的是我們能否從語用的角度判斷出這是一個(gè)電話對話這樣一個(gè)具體語境，即：Speaking實(shí)際上是ThisisWangSpeaking的簡略說法。例題2:-It'lltakeatleasttwohourstodot拓s!—Oh,!Icoulddoitin30minutes.A.comeonB.pardonmeC.youarerightD.don'tmentionit想想看，答案為什么是A.例題3:

3—It'scloudyoutside.Pleasetakeanumbrella.A.Yes,takeiteasyB.Well,itjustdependsC.OK,justincaseD.Allright,you'rewelcome想想看，答案為什么是C。例題4:—It'sgettinglate.I'mafraidImustbegoing.—OK.A.TakeiteasyB.GoslowlyC.StaylongerD.Seeyou想想看，答案為什么是D.（二）剖析題干法剖析題干法是指準(zhǔn)確把握題干的主旨大意，揣摩出命題人想考查哪個(gè)或哪些語法或詞語知識，綜合利用題干中的已知信息，由已知信息判斷出語句空缺處隱藏的正確詞語，這就要求我們要有敏銳的觀察力和細(xì)致的分析問題的能力。因此，答題時(shí)必須注重對題干中隱性信息的捕捉，而且，題干中所包含的多個(gè)信息對解題的引導(dǎo)效度并不完全相等，所以，我們在做題時(shí)就要做到把引導(dǎo)效度最大的語言信息與語句空缺處的隱性信息聯(lián)系起來，確保我們選出正確的答案。例題l:—Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?—Right,justtheone_youknowlusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what答案：C?？吹竭@道題，稍具一定語法知識的人都知道是在考查定語從句的語法知識，但稍微一有疏忽大意，就會錯選答案A或B。如果細(xì)心一些，完整分析全句，就不難發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)從句中缺少的是用作地點(diǎn)狀語的關(guān)系副詞。如果錯以為該定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的（由于題干中的youknow其了干擾作用），那么Iusedtowork放在從句里應(yīng)作何解釋。而且，如果用關(guān)系代詞未引導(dǎo)那個(gè)定語從句，A和B豈不都成了正確答案。例題2:ProfessorSmith,alongwithhisassistants,_ontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.A.workB.workmgC.isworkmgD.areworking想想看，答案為什么是C。例題3:Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_eachyearA.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway想想看，答案為什么是B。（三）結(jié)構(gòu)還原法結(jié)構(gòu)還原是指把主從復(fù)合句還原為兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)簡單句，把疑問句還原為陳述句，把強(qiáng)調(diào)句式或倒裝句式還原為普通句式，把省略句補(bǔ)充完整，把被動結(jié)構(gòu)還原為主動結(jié)構(gòu)等。例題l:Ifashophaschairs_womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshopA.thatB.whichC.whenD.where答案：D。此題是一個(gè)包含由women做主語的主句，并包含有由從屬連詞“If''引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句和關(guān)系副詞“where"引導(dǎo)的定語從句在內(nèi)的一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句．把它們分解為三個(gè)簡單句，即(If)ashophascha邸Womencanparktheirmenthere(onthechairs).They(thewomen)willspendmoretimeintheshops。就很容易看出，其中兩個(gè)簡單句的重疊部分是表地點(diǎn)的chairs，用where引導(dǎo)定語從句，相當(dāng)于onwhich,這樣一來，找出正確答案就很容易了。例題2:—thathemanagedtogettheinformation?—-Oh,afriendofhishelpedhiln.A.WherewasitB.WhatwasitC.HowwasitD.Whywasit想想看，答案力什么是C。例題3:Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrosstheopensea,which_thePacific,andwemetnostorm.A.wascalledB.iscalledC.hadbeencalledD.hasbeencalled想想看，答案力什么是B。例題4:

4—Whydoesshealwaysaskherforhelp?-Thereisnooneelse_,isthere?A.whototumtoB.shecantumtoC.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn想想看，答案為什么是B。（四）識別標(biāo)點(diǎn)法單選題題干中的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號對于我們選擇正確答案起著相當(dāng)重要的作用，準(zhǔn)確理解標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號所包涵的隱藏信息，能夠幫助我們選出正確答案，反之，對其忽略或視而不見，則往往使我們選錯答案。這是因?yàn)?，?biāo)點(diǎn)符號是書面語言的有機(jī)組成部分，其主要功能在于準(zhǔn)確地記錄語言，有助于確切的表達(dá)說話人的思想和理解對話雙方的語言信息。例題1:Carsdocattseussomehealthproblems—infactfarmoreserious_thanmobilephonesdo.A.oneB.onesC.itD.those答案力B.破折號起了進(jìn)一步解釋說明的作用。破折號后面空缺的那個(gè)詞語必須和它前面的某個(gè)詞語意義完全一致。題中的ones指代了破折號前面的problems。例題2:Ihavemanyfriends,arebusinessmen.A.someofthemB.somefromwhichC.somefromwhoD.ofwhomsome想想看，答案為什么是D。例題3:Whilewatchingtelevision,_.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings想想看，答案為什么是C。（五）前后對應(yīng)法單項(xiàng)填空題的命題者在設(shè)計(jì)題干時(shí)往往把詞匯、習(xí)慣用語和其他種種語法知識放在一個(gè)特定的語言環(huán)境中考查，這就加大了綜合考查語言知識運(yùn)用能力的力度。所以在做題時(shí)，不要孤立地看其中的某一個(gè)習(xí)慣用法和短語，而是要完整地理解整個(gè)句子，推斷應(yīng)該填入的那個(gè)習(xí)慣用法和短語在具體語境中的運(yùn)用是否得當(dāng)。每一個(gè)題干都是邏輯嚴(yán)密，意義連貫的。所以我們一定要把整個(gè)題干從前到后的意思聯(lián)系起未把諸如因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、替代等種種關(guān)系都考慮進(jìn)去。孤立地看題干中的某一部分，往往會掉入命題者的圈套。例題I:—Father,youpromised.-Well,_.Butitwasyouwhodidn'tkeepyourwordfi訂st.A.sowasIB.sodidIC.soIwasD.soIdid.答案是D,但是有人就容易錯選成B。如果注意了對話中“Father,youpromised."是在抱怨父親已經(jīng)許過愿，但現(xiàn)在不算數(shù)了，再結(jié)合笫二句話中的“well”和“but"所表達(dá)的語氣，就不難理解“soIdid"的意思是“我確實(shí)答應(yīng)過“而不會錯選“sodidI"了．例題2:ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but_didn'thelp.A.itB.sheC.whichD.he想想看，答案為什么是A.（六）排除錯誤答案法我們都知道，單選題的四個(gè)答案中的錯誤選項(xiàng)都往往針對我們常犯的錯誤而故意設(shè)下的陷阱，但它們的干擾作用并不是完全相等的，其中往往只有一個(gè)或兩個(gè)錯誤選項(xiàng)的誤導(dǎo)作用最強(qiáng)，只要把它們排除了，找到正確答案就十分容易了。例題1:Weneededacupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermade_fromsomewoodwehad.A.itB.oneC.himselfD.another答案是B。干擾最強(qiáng)的是A。我們只要平時(shí)注意到代詞it往往指代的是上文提到的某個(gè)特定的事物。而題干中“acupboard"是泛指cupboard這一類事物，不是特指，所以只能用不定代詞one.下面我們就對2001—2007年以未的11套全國高考英語卷中的165個(gè)單項(xiàng)選擇填空題逐一進(jìn)行專項(xiàng)練習(xí)和分析．

5（一）動詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣1.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology_sorapidly.(2001,24,即2001年全國卷英語知識運(yùn)用部分笫一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空24題，以下不再一一注明。）A.ischangingB.haschangedC.willhavechangedD.willchange2.I___ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven'thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.(2001,30)A.willplayB.haveplayedC.playedD.play3.Visitors_nottotouchtheexhibits.(2001,32)A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequested4.—Youhaven'tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?(2002,23)—I'msorryI_anythit1gaboutitsooner.Icertainlythi1lkit'sprettyonyou.A.wasn'tsayingB.don'tsayC.won'tsayD.didn'tsay5.IwonderwhyJenny_tousrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.(2002,29)A.hasn'twrittenB.doesn'twriteC.won'twriteD.hadn'twritten6.—Sorry,Joe.Ididn'tmeanto...(2003,24)—Don'tcallme"Joe".I'mMr.Parkertoyou,and_youforgetit.A.doB.didn'tC.didD.don't7.Allmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness_.(2003,27)A.hasgrownB.isgrowingC.grewD.hadgrown8.Whydon'tyouputthemeatinthefridge?Itwill_freshforseveraldays.(2003,30)A.bestayedB.stayC.bestayingD.havestayed9.Let'skeeptothepointorwe_anydecision.(2004I,22)A.willneverreachB.haveneverreachedC.neverreachD.neverreached10.Mymindwasn'tonwhathewassaymgsoI'mafraidI_halfof止(2004I,30)A.wasmissingB.hadmissedC.willmissD.missed11.—HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?(2004II,25)—Ihavenoidea.Heitthismorning.A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddone12.I_younottomovemydictionary—nowIcan'tfindit.(2004II,30)A.askedB.askC.wasaskingD.hadasked13.Accordmgtotheartdealer,thepamtmg_togoforatleastamilliondollars.(2004II,34)A.isexpectedB.expectsC.expectedD.isexpecting14.—Thankgoodness,you'rehere!What_you?(2004III,29)—Trafficjam.A.keepsB.iskeepingC.hadkeptD.kept15.Thehousecouldfalldownsoonifnoone_somequickrepairwork.(2004III,31)A.hasdoneB.isdoingC.doesD.haddone16.—Thewindowisdirty.(2004IV,25)—Iknow.Itforweeks.A.hasn'tcleanedB.didn'tcleanC.wasn'tcleanedD.hasn'tbeencleaned17.—Whatwouldyoudoifit_tomorrow.(2005I、II,28)—Wehavetocarryiton,sincewe'vegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD..1sirammg18.Thehero'sstory_differentlyinthenewspapers.(2005I、II,33)A.wasreportedB.wasreportingC.reportsD.reported19.Thecoffeeiswonderful!Itdoesn'ttastelikeanythingI_before.(2005I、II,34)A.washavingB.haveC.haveeverhadD.hadeverhad20.Listentothetwog訂lsbythewindow.Whatlanguage_?(2005III,7)A.didtheyspeakB.weretheyspea血gC.aretheyspea血gD.havetheybeenspeakmg21.—DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?(2005III,8)-Oh,no.Iforgot.I_hernow.A.willbecallingB.willcallC.callD.amtocall22.Whilewatchingtelevision,_.(2005III,18)A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings23.

623.Thehousebelongstomyauntbutshe_hereanymore.(2006I,21)A.hasn'tlivedB.didn'tliveC.hadn'tlivedD.doesn'tlive24.Thewater_coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.(2006I,29)A.wasfeltB.isfeltC.feltD.feels25.Elizarememberedeve1ythingexactlyas中t_yesterday.(2006I,31)A.washappeningB.happensC.hashappenedD.happened26.Mary,_here—everybodyelse,staywhereyouare.(2006l,35)A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.conling27.Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,_?(2006II,7)A.doyouB.canweC.willyouD.shallwe28.John,afriendofmine,whogotmarriedonlylastweek,spent$3,000morethanhe_forthewedding(2006II,12)A.willplanB.basplannedC.wouldplanD.hadplam1ed29.Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads_risingthesedays.(2006II,20)A.waskeepingB.keepC.keepsD.werekeeping30.IknowalittlebitaboutItalyasmywifeandI_thereseveralyearsago.(2007I,32)A.aregoingB.hadbeenC.wentD.havebeen31.Theflowersweresolovelythatthey_innotime.(2007I,35)A.soldB.hadbeensoldC.weresoldD.wouldsell32—Isthereanythingwrong,Bob?Youlooksad.(2007II,15)—Oh,nothingmuch.Infact,I_ofmyfriendsbackhome.A.havejustthoughtB.wasjustthinkingC.wouldjustthinkD.will」ustbethirtking33.—Tom,youdidn'tcometothepartylastnight?(2007II,20)-I_,butTsuddenlyrememberedIhadhomeworktodo.A.hadtoB.didn'tC.wasgoingtoD.wouldn't以上對謂語動詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣進(jìn)行考查的單選題中，涉及一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的有5個(gè)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)2個(gè)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2個(gè)，一般過去時(shí)9個(gè)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)2個(gè)，過去完成時(shí)1個(gè)，一般將來時(shí)3個(gè)，被動語態(tài)5個(gè)，祈使句3個(gè)，tobegoingtol個(gè)．可見，對一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)和被動語態(tài)的考查是重點(diǎn)．在考查祈使句的6、26、27小題中，有意在題干里加入了干擾因素。（二）情態(tài)動詞.rwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_homewithoutaword.(200I,33)A.mustn'tleaveB.shouldn'thaveleftC.couldn'thaveleftD.needn'tleave2.—lsJohncomingbytrain?(2002,25)—Heshould,buthenot.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may3.Aleftluggageofficeisaplacewherebags_beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation(2003,28)A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will4.—Isn'tthatAnn'shusbandoverthere?(2004I,29)-No,it_behim-I'msurehedoesn'twearglasses.A.can'tB.mustnotC.won'tD.maynot5.You_betired—you'veonlybeenworkingforanhour.(2004II,29)A.mustnotB.won'tC.can'tD.maynot6—Tomgraduatedfromcollegeataveryyoungage.(2004ill,22)—Oh,he_havebeenaverysmartboythen.A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.must7.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI_reportittothepolice?(2004IV,21)A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can8.Mr.White_at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn'tsbowup(2004IV,27)A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving9.Tom,you_leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!(2005I、II,26)A.wouldn'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynotI0.John,lookatthetime.___youplaythepianoatsuchalatetime?(2005rn,19)

7A.MustB.CanC.MayD.NeedII.There'snolighton,they_beathome.(2006I,24)A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't12.Wehopethatasmanypeopleaspossible_joinusforthepicnictomorrow.(2006II,10)A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can13.—How'syourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Itisbeautiful?(2007I,27)—It_be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.A.will8.wouldC.shouldD.must在考查情態(tài)動詞的13個(gè)單選題中，用情態(tài)動詞表達(dá)判斷和推測的題有5個(gè)，將近一半?？疾閟hould/shouldn'thave＋過去分詞表示“本應(yīng)該／不應(yīng)該做卻已經(jīng)做了“這種用法的題有2個(gè)。（三）非謂語動詞I._suchheavypollutionalready,itmaybetoolatetocleanuptheriver.(200I,35)A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.Suffered2.Themotherdidn't妞ow_toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.(2002,24)A.whoB.whenC.howD.what3.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodforthecouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.(2002,32JA.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen4.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernment妞ows_.(2002,33)A.itwhattodowith8.whattoitwithC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(2002,34)A.beginsB.havebegunC.beginningD.begun6.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_inthe灼tchen.(2003,22)A.smoke8.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked7.Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyouwon'thavetimeto_beforethepatty.(2004I,28)A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange8.Whenfirst_tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.(2004IL22)A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced9."Wecan'tgooutinthisweather,"saidBob,_outofthewindow.(2004II,28)A.looking8.tolookC.lookedD.havinglookedI0.Jtshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen_atthemeetingbymyboss.(2004IJJ,25)A.questioningB.havingquestionedC.questionedD.tobequestioned11.Alicereturnedfromthemanager'soffice,_methatthebosswantedtoseemeatonce.(2004Ill,27)A.havingtoldB.tellsC.totellD.telling12.Helenhadtoshout_abovethesoundofmusic.(2004IV,22)A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard13.ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures_inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.(2004IV,31)A.tofom1B.formC.fomungD.havingformed14.Thestormleft,_alotofdamagetothisarea.(2005I、II,32)A.causedB.tohavecausedC.tocauseD.havingcaused15."Youcan'tcatchme!"Janetshoutedaway.(2005III,20)A.runB.runningC.torunD.ran16._andhappy,Tonystoodupandacceptedtheprize.(2006I,32)A.SurprisingB.SurprisedC.BeingsurprisedD.Tobesurprising17.Weoftenprovidedourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_thatallchildrenlikethesethings.(2006TI,17)A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought18.—Thelastone_paysthemeal.(2007I,25)—Agreed!A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving19.Weallknowthat,_,thesituationwillgetworse.(2007r,28)A.notifdealtcarefullywith8.ifnotcarefullydealtwithC.ifdealtnotcarefullywithD.notifcarefullywith

820.Ismellsomething_inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackmaminute?(2007I,29)A.burnmgB.burntC.bemgburntD.tobeburnt21.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.(2007II,12)A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose非誚語動詞是我們學(xué)習(xí)英語的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。以上21個(gè)單選題中，考查動詞不定式的有4個(gè)，現(xiàn)在分詞9個(gè)，過去分詞7個(gè)，動名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)1個(gè)。（四）動詞和短語動詞辨析1.Aswe」oinedthebigcrowdIgot_frommyfriends.(2001,23)A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed2.Wedidn'tplanourartexhibitionlikethatbutit_verywelI.(200l,26)A.workedoutB.triedoutC.wentonD.carriedon3.Thetaxidriveroftenrernmdspassengersto_theirbelongmgswhentheyleavethecar.(2002,28)A.keepB.catchC.holdD.take4.Wethoughtofselli.J1gthisoldfurniturebutwe'vedecidedto_it.Itmightbevaluable.(2002,31)A.holdontoB.keepupwithC.tumtoD.lookafter5.Ifanybodycalls,tellthemI'mout,andaskthemto_thei.t、nameandaddress.(2003,25)A.passB.writeC.takeD.leave6.Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountries_withnoagreementreached.(2003,31)A.havebrokendownB.havebrokenoutC.havebrokeninD.havebrokenup7.-Howabouteighto'clockoutsidethecinema?(2004I,26)—Thatmefine.A.fitsB.meetsC.satisfiesD.suits8.Youcantakeanythingfromtheshelfandread,butplease_thebookswhenyou'vefrnishedwiththem.(2004I,32)A.putonB.putdownC.putbackD.putoff9.Theeveningnewscomesonatseveno'clockand_onlythirtyminutes.(2004JI,24)A.keepsB.continuesC.fmishesD.lasts10.Theforestguardsoftenfmdcampfi江esthathavenotbeen_completely.(2004II,26)A.turneddownB.putoutC.putawayD.血nedover11..IInsomewesterncountries,demandforgraduatesfromMBAcourseshas_.(2004IV,34)A.turneddownB.血nedoverC.fallendownD.fallenover12.Beforebuildingahouse,youwillhaveto_thegovernment'spermission.(2005III,14)A.getfromB.followC.receiveD.askfor13.We_thelastbusanddidn'thaveanymoneyfortaxi,sowehadtowalkhome.(2006I,22)A.reachedB.lostC.missedD.caught14.Mikedidn'tplayfootballyesterdaybecausehehad_hisleg.(2006I,27)A.damagedB.hurtC.hitD.struck15.Marywantedtotravelaroundtheworldallbyherself,butherparentsdidnot_hertodoso.(2006JI,15)A.forbidB.allowC.followD.ask16.Doesthismealcost$50?I_somethingfarbetterthanthis.(2007I,30)A.preferB.expectC.suggestD.supposeJ7."Goodbye,then,"shesaid,withouteven_fromherbook.(2007I,34)A.lookingdownB.lookingupC.lookingawayD.lookingon18.Ihave_allmypapersbutIstillcan'tfrndmynotes.(2007JI,13)A.lookedthroughB.lookedforC.lookedafterD.lookedout19.Whydon'tyoujust_yourownbusinessandleavemealone?(2007II,18)A.makeB.openC.considerD.mind以上19個(gè)小題中考查動詞用法的有l(wèi)0個(gè)，考查短語動詞的有9個(gè)。在平時(shí)的詞匯積累和語言能力形成過程中，除了要努力擴(kuò)大詞匯量外更，主意留心常用動詞、名詞形容詞副詞的基本意義基本用法和引申意義和不太多見的用法，譬如2004II,34題題干中“Accordingtotheartdealer,thepainting_togoforatleastamilliondollars.“中的“go"是一個(gè)再常見不過的動詞了，但它在那個(gè)具體的上下文情景中的與介詞"for"搭配使用的意思是“tobesold",這在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)可能就很少會被注意到，這就要求我們平時(shí)要勤學(xué)勤

9記，還要勤查詞典用好詞典（五）從句1.Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.(2001,22)A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where2.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructedittodo.(2001,31)A.howB.afterC.whatD.when3.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthe灼tchen_hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.(2002,30)A.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asif4.Don'tbeafraidofaskingforhelp_itisneeded.(2003,21)A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.when5.TheEnglishplay_mystudentsactedattheNewYear'spartywasagreatsuccess.(2004I,23)A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich6.Rosesneedspecialcare_theycanlivet1訂oughwinter.(2004I,25)A.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as7.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_Idisagree.(2004I,31)A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how8.Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers_shehadwipedherhands.(2004ll,23)A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that9._youcallmetosayyou'renotcoming,I'llseeyouatthetheatre.(2004II,27)A.ThoughB.WhetherC.UntilD.Unless10.Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,_fivearemine.(2004Ill,24)A.onw比chB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich11.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican'tunderstand_theyinsistongoingbymotorbike.(2004III,26)A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.how12.Severalmonthshadgoneby_Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.(2004Ill,30)A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.when13.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_thesailingtimewas226days(2004IV,28)A.ofwhich8.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich14.Marywroteanarticleon_theteamfailedtowinthegame.(2005I、II,23)A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that15.Ihavemanyfriends,_somearebusinessmen.(2005I、II,24)A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom16.IalwaystakesomethingtoreadwhenIgotothedoctor's_Ihavetowait.(2005ill,9)A.incaseB.sothatC.inorderD.asif17.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept_helphecanget.(2005III,11)A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever18.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas_wedidthismorning.(2006I,23)A.whenB.whichC.whereD.whatI9._hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.(2006l,28)A.Since8.UnlessC.AsD.Although20.Pleaseremindme_hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.(2006I,33)A.whereB.whenC.howD.what21.—Whatdidyourparentsthi咄aboutyourdecision?(2006II,16)-Theyalwaysletmedo_Ithink(should.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what22.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycarecentre,_theylearnsimplegamesandsongs.(2007I,22)A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where23._mattersinlearningEnglishisenoughpractice.(2007II,17)A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which根據(jù)上表統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，考查定語從句的單選題有7個(gè)，狀語從句7個(gè)，名詞從句9個(gè)，考查各種從句的題目在195個(gè)單選題中約占14%。它們?nèi)际且蚶@著各種關(guān)聯(lián)詞語即關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞，連詞、連接代詞、連接副詞以及從屬連詞、從屬副詞而進(jìn)行的?？梢姡帕紦?jù)具體語境，從語義上準(zhǔn)確判斷出應(yīng)該正確使

10用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，是我們掌握句法知識的一個(gè)重要方面．（六）名詞1.ThefacesofthefourfamousAmericanpresidentsonMountRuslunorecanbeseenfroma_of60miles.(2004III,28)A.lengthB.distanceC.wayD.space2.Itisno_arguingwithBillbecausehewillneverchangehismind.(2006II,11)A.useB.helpC.timeD.way（七）形容詞和副詞1.Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis_itisascience.(2001,28)A.anartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchasD.asmuchanartas2.Borishasbrains.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas_IQ.(2002,27)A.ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighest3.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_tocarryallthewayhome.(2003,23)A.muchtooheavyB.tomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch4.Marykeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch_shewasgetting.(2004l,33)A.heavierB.heavyC.theheavierD.theheaviest5.Idon'tmindpickingupyourthingsfromthestore—,thewalkwilldomegood.(2004I,35)A.SoonerorlaterB.StillC.IntimeD.Besides6.Imustbegettingfat—Ican_domytrousersup.(2004IL33)A.如rlyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.seldom7.Lizziewas_toseeherfriendoffattheairport.(2004III,33)A.alittlemorethansadB.morethanalitt.lesadC.sadmorethanalittleD.alittlemoresadthan8.Ifyoucan'tcometomorrow,we'll_havetoholdthemeetingnextweek.(2004lll,34)A.yetB.evenC.ratherD.just9.Whenweplanourvocation,motheroftenoffers_suggestions.(2004IV,29)A.carefulB.practicalC.effectiveD.acceptableIO.—lsyourheadachegetting_?(2005nI,6)-No,it'sworse.A.betterB.badC.lessD.well11.Yourstoryisperfect;I'veneverheard_before.(2006II,8)A.thebetteroneB.thebestoneC.abetteroneD.agoodone12.-Didyoutakeenoughmoneywithyou?(2006II,14)—No,Ineeded_IthoughtIwould.A.notsomuchB.asmuchasC.muchmorethanD.muchlessthan13.Aftertwoyears'research,wenowhavea_betterunderstandingofthedisease.(2007II,9)A.veryB.farC.fairlyD.quite14.Spea血gofallthesongshehaswritten,Ithinkthisisprobablyhis_one.(2007II,10)A.better-knownB.well-knownC.best-knownD.most-known從以上14個(gè)小題中我們應(yīng)該注意到，單選題對形容詞、副詞的考查角度主要有丙個(gè)，一是形容詞、副詞的比較級，二是對形容詞、副詞的詞義和用法的辨析。（八）代詞I.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.(200I,25)A.theyB.itC.oneD.which2._isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(2001,34)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What3.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,_Iwillalwaystreasure.(2002,35)A.thatB.oneC.itD.what4.—There'scoffeeandtea;youcanhave_.(2003,32)—Thanks.A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it5.—Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaningtheyard.(2003,33)

11—Why_?Johnissittisittingtheredoingnothing.A.himB.heC.ID.me6.Ilike_intheautu1nnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(2004I,27)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one7.—Doyoulike_here?(2004II,32)—Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it8.That'sanunpleasantthingtosayaboutyourfatherafter_he'sdoneforyou.(2004TI,35)A.somethingB.anythingC.allD.that9.Weneededanewcupboardforthekitchen.SoPetermade_fromsomewoodwehad.(2004IV,24)A.itB.oneC.himselfD.another10.Wehaven'tenoughbooksfor_;someofyouwillhavetoshare.(2005r、IL25)A.somebody8.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody11.Thechairmanthought_necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.(2005I、II,35)A.thatB.itC.thisD.him12.ThedoctoradvisedVerastronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but_didn'thelp.(2005Ill,13)A.itB.sheC.whichD.he13.Iflcanhelp_,Idon'tlikeworkinglateintonight.(2006I,26)A.soB.thatC.itD.them14.—Haveyouheardthelatestnews?—No.what?(2007I,21)A.isitB.isthereC.aretheyD.arethose15._feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.(2007II,7)A.OneB.ThisC.ItD.That15個(gè)單選題中，2、3、7、8、9考查的是不定代詞，有7個(gè)考查的是人稱代詞，其中有9個(gè)考查了“it"的用法，而笫4題則是沖看人稱代詞在交際中的習(xí)慣用法來的．（九）冠詞1.Thewarmthof_sweaterwillofcoursebedeterminedbythesortof_woolused.(2001,29)A.the;theB.the，不填C.不填，theD.不填；不填2.Jumpingoutofairplaneattenthousandfeetisquite_excitingexperience.(2002,26)A.不填；theB.不填；anC.an;anD.the;the3.Thesignreads"Incaseof_fire,breaktheglassandpush_redbutton."(2003,26)A.不填；aB.不填；theC.the;theD.a;a4.Whenyoucomehereforyourholidaynexttime,don'tgoto_hotel;Icanfindyou_bedinmyflat.(2004I,24)A.the;aB.the;不填C.a;theD.a;不填5.Ifyoubuymorethanten,theyknock20penceoff_.(2004II,31)A.apriceB.priceC.thepriceD.prices6.—John,there's_MrWilsononthephoneforyou.(2004Ill,35)-I'minbath.A.a;theB.the;aC.a;不填D.the;不填7.Ifyougoby_train,youcanhaveaquitecomfortablejourney,butmakesureyouget_fastone.(2005m,15)A.the;theB.不填；aC.the;aD.不填；不填8.—Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?(2006I,30)—Sorry,wrongm皿ber.Thereisn't_Mr.Sn訂thhere.A.不填B.aC.theD.one9.Iknowyoudon'tlike_musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkofmusicinthefilmwesawyesterday?(2006II,19)A.不填；不填8.the;theC.the;不填D.不填；10.—Couldyoutellmethewayto_Johnsons,please?—Sorry,wedon'thave_Johnsonhereinthevillage.(2007ll,19)

12A.the;theB.the;aC.不填；theD.the;不填考查冠詞的單選題在多數(shù)全國高考卷中都會出現(xiàn)一個(gè)，雖然不是重點(diǎn)，但幾乎是每年必考的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目值得注意的是，姓名名詞前用冠詞的考題居然有3個(gè)。（十）介詞1.Thehomeimprovementshavetakenwhatlittlethereis_mysparetime.(2001,27)A.fromB.inC.ofD.at2.Noonehelpedme.Ididitall_myself.(2005I、II,22)A.forB.byC.fromD.to3.Wehadn'tplannedtomeet.Wemet_chance.(2005Ill,10)A.ofB.inC.forD.by4.Therewerealotofpeoplestandingatthedoorandthesmallgirlcouldn'tget_.(2006II,18)A.betweenB.throughC.acrossD.beyond5.Somepeoplechoosejobsforotherreasons_moneythesedays.(2007rt,16)A.forB.exceptC.besidesD.with（十一）連詞I.Excusemeforbreakingin,_Ihavesomenewsforyou.(2002,22)A.soB.andC.butD.yet2.We'regoingtothebookstoreinJohn'scar.Youcancomewithus_youcanmeetustherelater.(2003,29)A.butB.andC.orD.then3.Paulhadtowriteahistorypaper,_hecouldn'tfmdtimetodoit.(2004III,21)A.butB.soC.becauseD.if4.Ihopeyoudon'tmindmeasking,_wheredidyoubuythoseshoes?(2004IV,30)A.soB.andC.yetD.but5.Idoeverysinglebitofhousework_myhusbandBobjustdoesthedishesnowandthen.(2004IV,35)A.sinceB.whileC.whenD.as6.Theywantedtocharge$5,000forthecar,_wemanagedtobringthepricedown.(2005I、II,27)A.butB.soC.whenD.since7.Wethoughttherewere35studentsinthedininghall,_,infact,therewere40.(2006II,13)A.whileB.whetherC.whatD.which8.Iwon'tcallyou,_somethingunexpectedhappens.(2007I,26)A.unlessB.whetherC.becauseD.while9.Betweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,_theireducationthatcausesmiisunderstanding.(2007I,3I)A.likeB.asC.orD.but9個(gè)題中，倒有5個(gè)考了“but",還有2個(gè)考了“while”，也是考它的轉(zhuǎn)折含義和作并列連詞的用法。連詞雖屬虛詞，但在高考試卷中，試題設(shè)計(jì)者的考查思路針對的還是語境和語義，亦即“虛詞實(shí)用”。（十二）倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)和其他句式I.Theoldcouplehavebeenmarriedfor40yearsandneveronce_witheachother.(2003,34)A.theyhadquarrelledB.theyhavequarrelledC.havetheyquarrelledD.hadtheyquarreled2.Toenjoythescenery,Irenewouldratherspendlonghoursonthetrain_travelbya江(2004IV,26)A.asB.toC.thanD.while3.—Iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible.(2004IV,32)A.NoramIB.NeitherwouldIC.SamewithmeD.sodoI4.Itwasn'tuntilnearlyamonthlater_Ireceivedthemanager'sreply.(2005I、II,30)A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that5.Maryneverdoesanyreadingintheevening,_.(2005III,16)A.sodoesJohnB.JohndoestooC.Johndoesn'ttooD.nordoesJohn6.Itwasnotuntilshegothome_Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.(2006II,9)A.whenB.thatC.whereD.before7.IfJoe'swifewon'tgototheparty,_.(2007II,11)

13A.hewilleitherB.neitherwillJoeC.heneitherwillD.neitherhewill（十三）情景交際L—Goodmorning,GrandHotel.(200l,21)—Hello,I'dliketobookaroomforthenightsofthe18thand19th.A.WhatcanIdoforyou?B.Justaminute,please.C.What'sthematterD.Atyourservice2.—I'mtakingmydrivingtesttomorrow.(2002,21)A.CheersB.GoodluckC.ComeonD.Congratulations3.—IthinkyoushouldphoneJennyandsaysorrytoher.(2003,35).Itwasherfault.A.NowayB.NotpossibleC.NochanceD.Notatall4.—It'sgettinglate.I'mafraidImustbegoingnow.(2004I,21)—OK.A.Takeiteasy.B.GoslowlyC.StaylongerD.Seeyou5—Susan,willyoupleasegoandemptythatdrawer?(2004I,34)?A.WhatforB.WhatisitC.HowisitD.Howcome6.—CanIlookatthemenuforafewmoreminutesbeforeIdecide?(2004II,21)—Ofcourse.Slr.A.MakeyourselfathomeB.EnjoyyourselfC.Itdoesn'tmatterD.Takeyourtime7.—CouldIaskyouaratherpersonalquestion?(2004III,23)A.Yes,don'tworryB.Ofcourse,goaheadC.Yes,helpyourselfD.Ofcourse,whynot8.—I'dliketotakeaweek'sholiday.(2004IV,23)—,we'retoobusy.A.Don'tworryB.Don'tmentionitC.ForgetitD.Pardonme9.—CanIspeaktoMr.Wang,please?(2005l、Tl,2I)A.Whoareyou?B.I'mWang.C.SpeakingD.AreyouJohn?10.—Oh,dear!I'vejustbrokenawindow.(2005I、II,31)—.Itcan'tbehelped.A.Nevermind8.AllrightC.That'sfineD.NotatallIl.-Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?(2005III,I2)—,please.A.NomoreB.JustalittleC.I'vehadenoughD.Yes,Iwould12.-Excuseme,canyoutellmewherethenearestbankis,please?(2006I,25)-_Ohyes!It'spastthepostoffice,nexttoabigmarket.A.Mm,letmethink.8.Oh,Ibegyourpardon?C.You'rewelcome.D.Whatdoyoumean?13.—Iwonderiflcouldpossiblyuseyourcarfortonight?(2006I,34).I'I'mnotusingitanyhow.A.Sure,goaheadB.Idon'tknowC.Yes,indeedD.Idon'tcare14.—Willyoubeabletofinishyourreporttoday.(2006II,6)A.IlikeitB.IhopesoC.I'lldosoD.I'dloveit15—Canyoureadthesign,亞？Nosmokingallowedinthelift!(2007I,33)A.NevermindB.Don'tmentionitC.Sure,Idon'tsmokeD.Pardonme16.—Wehavebookedaroomfortodayandtomorrow.(2007ll,6)Slr.A.I'msureB.MypleasureC.It'sallrightD.I'llcheck17.—I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.(2007II,14),Bill.A.You'rewelcomeB.GoaheadC.Don'tmentionitD.Noproblem

14考查交際用語的題是每卷必有，而難度系數(shù)并不高，體現(xiàn)了高考英語試卷”重口語交際，重實(shí)際運(yùn)用”的命題思路。做此類題目時(shí)一定要注意做到應(yīng)答的得體和符合語境的要求．（十四）習(xí)語和固定搭配I.PeoplemayhavedifferentopinionsaboutKaren,butIadmireher.____,sheisagreatmusician.(2004III,32)A.AfterallB.AsaresultC.InotherwordsD.Asusual2.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_energyasthewholeEurope.(2004VI,33)A.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch3.Myparentswillmovebackintotowninayearor_.(2005I、II,29)A.laterB.afterC.soD.about4.____,themoreexpensivethecamera,thebetteritsquality.(2005III,17)A.GeneralspeakingB.SpeakinggeneralC.GenerallyspeakingD.Speakinggenerally5.—ft'salongtimesincelsawyoursister.(2007l,24)herthisweekend?A.WhynotvisitB.WhynottovisitC.WhynotvisitingD.Whydon't二、完形填空解題策略與技巧我們平時(shí)做完形填空題的方法是因人而異的，可以從以下三個(gè)步驟即“完形三步曲”下手，提高做題的技巧和正確率。第一步，通覽全文，抓住主旨。首先要對文章的語言表達(dá)形式和文章的措詞與作者的意圖有一個(gè)全面的了解。有的同學(xué)或是急于求成，總想”一步到位”，或是由于原文設(shè)置空格所造成的理解障礙，擔(dān)心通讀文章不但抓不住大意反而浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，沒有通覽全文就匆匆忙忙邊讀邊填，結(jié)果是就句論句，就空填空，無法形成連貫的思路，或是“見木不見林”，導(dǎo)致自己的理解偏離了文章的主旨，欲速則不達(dá)。所以，我們要克服不良心理的影響，穩(wěn)定情緒，全神貫注，目光越過空格，注重把握文章的整體內(nèi)容，找出能體現(xiàn)文章大意的關(guān)鍵詞句。開始閱讀時(shí)可能會有些模模糊糊，類似“鉆山，同＂的感覺，此時(shí)千萬不可半迨而廢，再往下讀，文意會逐漸顯露，讀完全文心里會有“豁然開朗＂的感覺。另外，我們要重視文章首句（或開頭幾句）的作用，一般情況下，首句都不設(shè)空，這就為我們窺視文幸全貌提供了一個(gè)“窗口＂。通過文意的首句我們可以對文章進(jìn)行比較準(zhǔn)確的定位。如：DearLaura,Ijustheardyoutellanoldstoryofgivingunselfishloveinyourprogram.Youdoubtedwhethersuchunselfishlovewouldhappenintoday'sworld.Well,I'mheretogiveyou~-(2005年北京卷）通過文章開頭的幾句，我們可以對全文的內(nèi)容做出大致的推斷，對全文進(jìn)行比較準(zhǔn)確的定位，即：本文是書信，信的作者寫信告訴Laura一個(gè)無私奉獻(xiàn)的故事，消除她的疑慮，為她開始她的節(jié)目一個(gè)信心上的支持。另外，要給文章進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確定位，不僅要重視文章的首句，有時(shí)還要注意一下文章的結(jié)尾，首尾結(jié)合起來，對文幸的定位會更準(zhǔn)確．因?yàn)橛行┪恼碌阶詈蟛劈c(diǎn)出出乎意樸的結(jié)局，揭示生活的哲理．只有讀懂了故事的結(jié)局，吃透了文章深處所含的哲理，我們才能對文章進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確定位。如：Icalledtheowneroftherestaurantandaskedwhatthemanhad~-"Well,"hesaid,"thatmanwasadetective.He~youherebecausehethoughtyouwerethemanhe~.""What?"Isaid,showingmy~-Theownercontinued,"Hecameintothekitchenandshowedmeaphotoofthewantedman.I~sayhelookedverymuchlikeyou!Ofcourse,sinceweknowyou,wetoldhimthathehadmadea~-""Well,it'sreally~IcametoarestaurantwhereI'mknown,"Jsaid."~,rmighthavebeenintrouble.(2005年全國卷）文章一開始講述作者在飯館里吃飯，發(fā)現(xiàn)有人盯梢，作者十分困惑。直到最后，餐館老板“道破天機(jī)”,原來盯梢者是個(gè)偵探，他把“我”錯當(dāng)成了罪犯。直到結(jié)尾，我們才知道作者是在講述自己生活中的一場“虛驚＂。所以，只要我們抓住文章的主旨大意，圍繞著主旨大意去閱讀、預(yù)劇、推理、判斷，往往會取得事半功倍的效果。抓住了大意，一些干擾性強(qiáng)，容易使人犯想當(dāng)然錯誤的題目就會迎刃而解。第二步，細(xì)讀全文，透析文意

15有的同學(xué)在做完形填空題時(shí)，一看到一些自己熟悉的語法結(jié)構(gòu)、句子和短語等，便不假思索地去選，對特定的語境不去作深入的理解，導(dǎo)致“定勢思維＂的錯誤。事實(shí)上，從高考完形填空的出題特點(diǎn)看，其干擾項(xiàng)的設(shè)置都與語法結(jié)構(gòu)的正誤無關(guān)，而是重在文意的干擾．這是近幾年高考英語試卷命題者始終堅(jiān)持的方向。高考完形填空題的每個(gè)空格的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)并不是一種單純的詞語辨析，有時(shí)從語法的角度看每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是正確的。因此能否恰如其分地表達(dá)文意才是選擇正確答案的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。要吃透文意理解到位，我們應(yīng)該做到以下兒點(diǎn)：I.注意上下文的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系斷章取義，就題論題，忽視上下文的信息提示是有些同學(xué)常犯的錯誤．我們要對上下文進(jìn)行深入理解，根據(jù)語境線索、邏輯關(guān)系和詞句知識及常識選擇答案。完形填空題中對語篇理解的題目一般占2/3，所以一定要注意從文章中找信息、找答案。利用好每一個(gè)空格周圍的周邊語境。做題時(shí)，不一定都按次序填，不能確定的空，可以等后面找到更多的有效信息時(shí)再填上。所以，我們在做完形填空題的時(shí)候，應(yīng)學(xué)會邊讀邊在大腦中儲存上下文的信息。信息提示有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在前面，有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在后面，如：SuddenlyI~thatamansittingatatablenearthewindowkeptglancinginmydirection,TI_heknewme.Themanhadanewspaper~infrontofhim,whichhewas_l.Ltoread,butIcould~thathewaskeepinganeyeonme.(2005年全國卷I,II)37.A.sinceB.evenifC.thoughD.asif39.AhopingB.thinkingC.pretendingD.contlnumg做這篇完形時(shí)，如果我們做到了首尾照應(yīng)，就會想到那位偵探不時(shí)的看著作者“似乎“認(rèn)識“我”，所以37題應(yīng)選D“as1f'而且他是在假裝讀報(bào)紙，所以39題才選C.2.注意英漢兩種語言的差異，不能簡單地互譯命題者深知我們在英語學(xué)習(xí)過程中的弱點(diǎn)，往往從母語的角度設(shè)置干擾項(xiàng)來增加試題難度，考查我們的基本功和靈活運(yùn)用語言的能力，所以在平常的學(xué)刁中，要逐斬培養(yǎng)自己的“語感”，不要受母語的影響．"Ithinkit'severyyoungjournalist's_____11._tobeaforeigi1reporter,"saysMichaelNicholson,"that's二巨youfindtheexcitement."(2005年湖北卷）44.A.beliefB.dreamC.dutyD.faith45.A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where僅憑漢語思維，我們可以理解成為一個(gè)戰(zhàn)地記者是每一個(gè)記者的責(zé)任，而選duty,而正確的理解應(yīng)該是他們的夢想。后面一句我們根據(jù)漢語思維我們很可能理解為“而這正是你覺得刺激的東西“而錯選為“what”，但此處是一個(gè)由where引導(dǎo)的定語從句，意思是“在其中你能找到刺激＂。3研讀細(xì)節(jié)，準(zhǔn)確認(rèn)定語境用平日常見的固定搭配來干擾我們對具體語境的認(rèn)定，利用我們定勢思維來增強(qiáng)錯誤選項(xiàng)的誘導(dǎo)性，是命題人的一個(gè)常用手段。Iwasphoningpeopleand~messagestomakesure___1Lcallswouldseemethroughtheday.47.longB.immediateC.enoughD.surprising本題如果僅看前后兩個(gè)介詞短語的搭配，很容易選A。但如果仔細(xì)推敲語境，此處作者需要的不是電話的“長度“，而是“數(shù)量”，所以應(yīng)下c.4.發(fā)揮邏輯思維能力，挖掘文章的寓意和隱意近幾年高考完形填空題以敘事為主，有時(shí)加入一定的議論和說明，內(nèi)容貼近生活，表層意思容易理解，反而容易給我們造成一種“假象”，產(chǎn)生“輕敵“心理，有的同學(xué)做完一篇完形后，自我感覺不錯，但一對答案錯一大片，原因是這些同學(xué)僅僅理解了文章的表層含義，而忽略了其深層含義。事實(shí)上，高考完形填空題的文章大都包含了一定的哲理，寓意，具有深層探詢的可能性。這就要求我們不僅要明確文章的表層意義，還要挖掘出文章的深層含義，做到“表里一致”。如：~laughed,thenthewholeclasswaslaughing\,1,1ithopenheartedenjoyment.Ididmybestnottoshow~'butwhatIwasfeelingwaspurehappiness.(2004年全國高考卷I)52.A.PeopleB.NobodyC.SomebodyD.I本題要求杖據(jù)事情發(fā)展的邏輯關(guān)系來判定答案．如果選A．顯然所指太籠統(tǒng)；如果選B,“沒有人發(fā)笑“,則與后面”然后全班同學(xué)都笑起來”發(fā)生邏輯上的矛盾；如果選D,則又與后面“我竭力控制住自己不表現(xiàn)出快樂”相矛盾。因此答案只能是C,即：先是有人笑起來，最后全班同學(xué)都開懷大笑。這樣，邏輯關(guān)系就理順了．5.結(jié)合生活常識判斷

16Youarenearthefrontlineofabattle.Aroundyoushellsareexploding;peopleareshootingfromahousebehindyou.Whatareyoudoingthere?Youaren'tasoldier.Youaren't____1Lcarryingagun.You'restandinginfrontofa____]]___andyou'retellingtheTV___J_Lwhatishappening.It'sallinaday'sworkforawarreporter,anditcan'tbevery__19__.Inthefirsttwoyearsofthe__.1Q__informerYugoslavia(前南斯拉夫），28reportersandphotographerswerekilled.Hundredsmorewere_!!_.Whatkindofpeopleputthemselvesindangerto~picturestoourTVscreensand~toournewspapers?Whydotheydoit?(2005年湖北卷）36.A.simpleB.reallyC.MerelyD.even37.A.crowdB.houseC.battlefieldD.camera38.A.producersB.viewersC.directorsD.actors39.A.dangerousB.excitingC.nonnalD.di1sappomtmg40.A.stayB.fightC.warD.life41.A.injuredB.buriedC.defeatedD.saved我們經(jīng)常聽到、看到戰(zhàn)地記者在戰(zhàn)場上受傷甚至喪命的報(bào)道。他們的工作的危險(xiǎn)性不言而喻。結(jié)合這樣的常識進(jìn)行判斷，本文雖然有一定難度，但選出正確答案并不是很難。三、全面驗(yàn)證，持順全文笫三步，再次速讀全篇，，檢查你填的空是否使文意通順，前因后果邏輯關(guān)系是否順暢，對一些把握不大的答案做最后的推敲。這笫三個(gè)步驟是對語篇進(jìn)行整體把握，提高答題正確半的關(guān)鍵。高考完形填空所選文章都堪稱精品，其邏輯必然是上下貫通，無懈可擊；其脈絡(luò)也必然是自然有序，令人信服。因此，做完一篇完形填空后，我們在心里對文章的線索、脈絡(luò)、主旨、寓意等應(yīng)該有一種很“明朗＂的感覺。如果做完之后，還是似懂非懂，猶如“霧里看花”，那就證明我們對文章的把握還有問題。這時(shí)，我們就很有必要再讀全文，聆證答案；要從文章的內(nèi)在邏輯入手，回味一下，看看所選答案能否經(jīng)得起推敲，是否能自然而然得融入整個(gè)語篇，如果有并離于文章主旨之外或與整篇文章的邏輯相矛盾的答案，就需要重新理解、修正。有的同學(xué)做完完形填空后，不加核查便“草草收兵”，結(jié)果讓很明顯的錯誤從眼前跳過，造成考試中不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)的失誤和遺憾。我們還要注意到，完形填空題在逐步提高對語段準(zhǔn)確把握及語篇意識的要求的同時(shí)，對詞匯靈活運(yùn)用的要求也越來越加以強(qiáng)調(diào)，它的意圖就是要促使我們在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中經(jīng)常汪意·l．在詞匯學(xué)刁中，要注戀熟練掌握詞匯的確切含義、詞性、以及在具體語言環(huán)境中的應(yīng)用，對于一些常用詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞和同根詞要注意把握，能夠識別兼類詞在不同句子中的詞性。2.在語篇學(xué)習(xí)中，要善于思考，注重對語境和語言的運(yùn)用的領(lǐng)悟和理解，挖掘文章的內(nèi)涵和作者的意圖，逐步提高對英語文章的感受力和悟性。3.完形填空題命題時(shí)選材范圍廣，平時(shí)要廣泛閱讀，熟悉各種文體，多種題材，以及各種語言鳳格的文章，培養(yǎng)閱讀能力和邏輯推理、判斷分析的能力。下面我們把自2000年以來的部分高考試卷中的完形填空題選編如下，作為練習(xí)：Iclimbedthestairsslowly,carryingabigsuitcase,myfatherfollowedwithtwomore.BythetimeIgottothethirdfloor,Iwas_j_andatthesametimefeelinglonely.Worsestill,Dad＿仁astepandfell,sendingmynewsuitcases＿立＿downthestairs."Damn!"hescreamed,hisfaceturnedred.Iknew＿生＿wasahead.WheneverDad'sfaceturnsred,-2.._!HowcouldIever___Q____himtofinishunloadingthecar___l__screamingatmeandmakingasceneinfrontoftheothergirls,girlsIwouldhavetospendthe____a_oftheyearwith?Doorswereopeningandfacespeeringout（探出），asDadwalked___2_closebehind.Ifeltinmybonesthatmycollegelifewasgettingofftoa(n)＿且start."__.lLtheroomquickly,"Ithought."gethimintoachairandcalmdown."But---1.L,wouldtherebeachairinRoom316?Orwouldtherebea(n)_Ll__room?li._Iturnedthekeyinthelockand----12_thedooropen,withDad__J_Lcomplaining（抱怨）abouthurtingkneeorsomething.Iputmyheadin,expectingthe_l.L_.Buttomy__lL_,theroomwasn'temptyatall!Ihadfurniture,curtains,aTV,andevenpaintingsonthewalls.Andthereonawell-madebedsatAmy,mynew__J_.2_,dressedneatly.Greetingmewithanod,shesaidinasoftvoice,"Hi,youmustbeCori."Then,she_l:Q__themusicandlookedoverat_1J__."Andofcourseyou'reMrFaber."shesaid,____lL."Wouldyoutakeaglassoficedtea?"Dad'sfaceturneddecidedly---2.Lbeforehe

17couldbringouta"yes".Iknew____M_thatAmyandIwouldbe_lLandmyfrrstyearofcollegewouldbeasuccess.(2000年全國卷，即2000年全國卷英語知識運(yùn)用部分第二節(jié)完形埮空題，以下不再一一注明）I.A.helplessB.lazyC.anxiousD.tired2.A.tookB.mindedC.missedD.picked3.A.rollingB.passingC.droppingD.turning4.A.sufferingB.difficultyC.troubleD.danger5.A.goaheadB.lookoutC.holdonD.giveup6.A.leadB.helpC.encourageD.get7.A.afterB.withoutC.whileD.besides8.A.bestB.beginningC.endD.rest9.A.withdifficultyB.inahu訂yC.withfirmstepsD.inwonderIO.A.freshB.lateC.badD.unfair11.A.SearchB.FindC.EnterD.Book12.A.infactB.bychanceC.oncemoreD.thenagain13.A.smallB.emptyC.newD.neat14.A.FinallyB.MeanwhileC.SoonerorlaterD.Atthemoment15.A.knockedB.forcedC.pushedD.tried16.A.yetB.onlyC.evenD.still17.A.worstB.chairC.bestD.tea18.A.regretB.disappointmentC.surpriseD.knowledge19.A.roommateB.classmateC.neighbourD.companion20.A.turnedonB.turneddownC.playedD.enjoyed21.A.DadB.meC.thedoorD.thefloor22.A.questioningB.wonderingC.smilingD.guessing23.A.redB.lesspaleC.lessredD.pale24.A.soonB.thereC.laterD.then25.A.sistersB.friendsC.studentsD.fellows2MyExperienceinaFreeSchoolAtfirstIcouldn'tbelieveit!Therewereno_J_i.11rows;nobellsrang;noonehadtogoto_L.Althoughwealllived"in",_l_madeusgotobedatacertaintime;therewasno"lightsout".The___...1_thingwasthatpracticallyallthestudentswenttoclass,---2.__veryfewpeoplestayed叩lateatnight.Onlythenewpeoplestayedupor＿立＿class.Thenewonesalwayswentwild_l__,butthisneverlastedlong.The＿立＿tooksometimegettingusedto.Ourteacherstreateduslike__2_—;neverdidwehaveto＿垃"standup","Sitdown","Speakout".Idon't__lL_onestudentwhodidn'ttryhisbest.Thesubjectswerethesameasthosein___.ll_school,butwhatadifferenceintheapproach（方式）！Forexample,inbotany（植物學(xué)）wehad___JJ__classesinthespringorfall,butinsteadwe__!Ltwogardens,avegetablegardenandaflowergarden.___lLinwinterweeachstudiedafew___lLthingsaboutwhatwehadgrown.Inmaththest1.1dentsbuiltthreedifferentkindsofstorerooms—smallones__ll_,butusable.Theydidthisinsteadofhavinglessonsintheclassroom.Theyreallyhada~timetoo,designingeverything,drawingtheblueprints,---12__theangles（角度）andsoon.Ididn'ttake___W__.Ican'tstandit!Besides,Icoulddothebasicthingswithnumbers.That's___ll_!~IthinkIama___ll_personforhavinggonetotheschool.Icanreadandwriteaswellasanyoneelsemyage,andIcanthinkbetter.That'sprobablyarealbig___lLbetweenthefreeschoolandregularschool—theamountof25.(2000年北京、安徽卷）l.A.desksB.lightsC.studentsD.buildings2.A.homeB.bedC.classD.work3.A.anybodyB.nobodyC.teachersD.parents4.A.sadB.lastC.goodD.strange5.A.andB.butC.soD.yet6.A.attendedB.tookC.missedD.studied7.A.fromthenonB.atfirstC.oncemoreD.justthen8.A.freedomB.habitC.timeD.people

189.A.workersB.pupilsC.gardenersD.grown-upsIO.A.understandB.studyC.playD.sayII.A.hearfromB.feellikeC.thinkaboutD.knowof12.A.nightB.regularC.smallD.real13.A.allB.shortC.noD.indoor14.A.plantedB.studiedC.drewD.toured15.A.StillB.ThenC.YetD.Next16.A.wildB.successfulC.usualD.particular17.A.aswellB.afterawhileC.ofcourseD.asaresult18.A.funnyB.greatC.convenientD.thoughtful19.A.lookingoutB.takingoutC.findingoutD.figuringout20.A.mathB.careC.botanyD.notice21.A.dull8.interestingC.enoughD.dangerous22.A.OnthewholeB.OnceagainC.SoonerorlaterD.Afterawhile23.A.carefulB.betterC.busierD.lovely24.A.problemB.chanceC.differenceD.change25.A.readingB.gardeningC.teachingD.thinking3MaryandPeterwerehavingapicnicwithsomefriendsnearariverwhenMaryshouted,"Look!That'saspaceshipupthereandit'sgoingtolandhere."Frightenedbythestrangespaceship,____l__oftheyoungpeoplegotintotheircarsanddroveawayasquicklyaspossible.PeterlovedMaryandalwaysstayedclosetoher.They,more_____l__thanfrightened,watchedthespaceshiplandandsawadooropen.Whennobodycameout,theywenttolook____l_it.Inthecentreofthefloor,therewasapileoffood.PeterfollowedMaryintothespaceshipanddidnot___i_thedoorclosebehindhim.Thetemperaturefollrapidlyandtwoyoungpeoplelostthe”___i_.Whentheycameto,theywere______Q__toseethattheywerebackbytheriveragain.Thespaceshiphadgone.7__carwasnearby."Whathappened?"askedMary.Peterscratchedhishead,sayingslowly,"Don'taskme.Perhapswehada＿立＿．Come011.It'stimetogohome.Afterdnvmgaboutfiftymetres,theyfoundthewwayblockedbyath1ckwallmadeofsomethmghke___2.__Ontheothersideofthewall,afewstrangebeingsstoppedtolookthroughitandreadanoticewhich,translatedintoEnglish,said:"Newarrivalsatthezoo:apairof__JQ_inhabitantsintheirnaturalsurroundingswiththeirhouseonwheels."(2001年春季上海卷）l.A.bothB.allC.severalD.most2.A.tiredB.curiousC.confusedD.astonished3.A.atB.forC.intoD.around4.A.hearB.watchC.letD.make5.A.wayB.weightC.speechD.consc1ousness6.A.pleasedB.disturbedC.surprisedD.disappointed7.A.AB.AnotherC.TheirD.No8.A.gameB.dreamC.mistakeD.problem9.A.glassB.stoneC.woodD.steel10.A.cityB.spaceC.landD.earth4Hehasbeencalledthe"missinglink",half-man,half-beast.Heissupposedtoliveinthehighestmountainintheworld—MountEverest.HeisknownastheAbominableSnowman.Thelofthesnowmanhasbeenaroundfor2.Climbersinthel920sreportedfindingmarkslikethoseofhumanfeethighuponthesideofMountEverest.Thenativepeoplesaidthatthey_J__thiscreatltreandcalleditthe"Yeti",andtheysaidthattheyhad___1_caughtYetisontwooccasions,_.i__nonehaseverbeenproducedasevidence（證據(jù)）．Overtheyears,thestoryoftheYetishas___§_.In1951,EricShiptontookphotographsofasetoftJ·acksinthesnowofEverest.Shiptonbelievedthattheywerenot_]_thetracksofamonkeyorbearand~thattheAbominableSnowmanmightreally_2.._.FurthereffortshavebeenmadetofindoutaboutYetis.Buttheonlythingspeoplehaveeverfoundwere

19l.Q_footprints.Mostbelievethefootprintsarenothingmorethan___ll_animaltracks,whichhadbeenmadell__astheymelted（融化）andrefrozeinthesnow.---1.L,in1964,aRussianscientistsaidthatAbominableSnowmanwas_lLandwasaremaininglinkwiththeprehistorichumans.But,--1.L,noevidencehasever!..2._produced.Thesedays,onlyafewpeoplecontinuetotakethestoryoftheAbominableSnowman__J]___.Butiftheyever___lLcatchingone,theymayfaceareal---1.2.._:Wouldtheyputitina___lQ_orgiveitaroominahotel?(2001年全國卷）l.A.eventsB.storyC.adventureD.description2.A.centuriesB.toolongC.sometimeD.manyyears3.A.heardfromB.caredaboutC.knewofD.readabout4.A.evenB.hardlyC.certainlyD.probably5.A.asB.thoughC.whenD.until6.A.developedB.changedC.occurredD.continued7.A.entirelyB.naturallyC.clearlyD.simply8.A.foundB.declaredC.feltD.doubted9.A.existB.escapeC.disappearD.returnIO.A.clearerB.moreC.possibleD.rare11.A.hugeB.recentC.ordinaryD.frightening12.A.strangeB.largeC.deepD.rough13.A.IntheendB.ThereforeC.AfterallD.However14.A.imaginedB.realC.specialD.familiar15.A.soB.besidesC.againD.instead16.A.rightlyB.actuallyC.nom1allyD.particularly17.A.lightlyB.jokinglyC.seriouslyD.properly18.A.succeededinB.insistonC.dependonD.joinin19.A.decisionB.situationC.subjectD.problem20.A.zooB.mountainC.museumD.laboratory5The28-year-oldwomanhadspentsixyearsworkingnightswhileshegainedheruniversitydegreeduringtheday.Whenshefinallygraduatedshehadhereyeonateac血g__l_atanearbypriinaryschool.Withthehelpofherfriends,shehadaninterviewwiththeHead."Inoticedatii1yholeinoneofmystoc血gsearlier,"she____l__."Ithoughtaboutchangingthem,butIknewI'dbelateifldid.AndbythetimeIgottotheinterview,_]__enormous.Iwalkedinapologizingfornot__±_."Thewould-beteacherdidn'tgetthejob.Infactoneofherfriendstoldherthatthe—土－onlycommentwas:“Ifsomeonedoesn'ttakethetimetopresentherbest__Q_ataninterview,whatkindor_＿；工＿isshegoingtobe?"壓stimpressionsare_Lones.Inotherwords,ifyou'reviewedpositivelywithinthecritical（關(guān)鍵的）伍stfourminutes,thepersonyou'vemetwill____2__assumeeverythingyoudoispositive.Leavetheinterviewerabadimpression,andoftenhewillassumeyouhavealotofotherunsatisfacto1-ycharacters.Worse,heorshemaynottakethetimetogiveyouasecond_lQ_.MostemployersbelievethatthosewholookasiftheycareaboutthemselveswiIIcaremoreabouttheirjobs.(200I年上海卷）I.A.professionB.positionC.careerD.occupation2.A.repeatsB.remindsC.recallsD.responds3.A.IwasB.hewasC.itwasD.theywere4.A.lookingatallB.lookingathimC.lookmgaroundD.lookingmybest5.A.Head'sB.student'sC.friend'sD.teacher's6.A.figureB.imageC.aspectD.shape7.A.personB.workerC.graduateD.teacher8.A.lastingB.remainingC.continuingD.persisting9.A.rarelyB.occasionallyC.probablyD.certainlyIO.A.jobB.thoughtC.chanceD.question6Asachild,1wastn1lyafraidofthedarkandofgettinglost;thesefearswereveryrealandcausedmesomeuncomfortablemoments.Maybeitwasthestrange___l_thingslookedandsoundedinmyfamiliarroomatnightthat____l__meso

20much.Therewasnevertotal___l___,butthestreetlightorpassingcarlights____±_clotheshungoverachairtakeonthe__i_ofawildanimal.Outofthecomerofmy____§_,Isawthecurtainsseemtomovewhentherewasno工．Atinysoundinthefloorwouldseemahundredtimeslouderthaninthedaylight.My~wouldrunwild,andmyheartwouldbeatfast.Iwould二verystillsothatthe"enemy"wouldnotdiscovermeAnotherofmychildhoodfearswasthatIwouldgetlost,_lQ_onthewayhomefromschool.EverymorningIgotontheschoolbusrightnearmyhome—thatwasno_JJ_.Afterschool,__Ll__,whenallthebuseswere___lLupalongthestreet,IwasafraidthatI'dgetonthewrongoneandbetakentosome____Hneighbourhood.Onschoolorfamilytripstoaparkoramuseum,Iwouldn't___li_theleadersoutofmysight.Perhapsoneoftheworstfears____lLallIhadasachildwasthatofnotbeinglikedor___ll__byothers.Beingpopularwassoimportanttome~,andthefearsofnotbeinglikedwasa____lLone.Oneoftheprocesses（過程）forgrowingupisbeingableto_.2.Q__andovercomeourfears.Understandingthethingsthat和ghtenedusaschildrenhelpsusachievegreatersuccesslaterinlife.(2002年北京卷）1.A.wayB.timeC.placeD.reason2.A.woundedB.destroyedC.surprisedD.frightened3.A.quietnessB.darknessC.emptinessD.loneliness4.A.gotB.forcedC.madeD.caused5.A.spiritB.heightC.bodyD.shape6.A.eyeB.windowC.mouthD.door7.A.breathB.wirldC.airD.sound8.A.beliefB.feelingC.imaginationD.doubt9.A.layB.hideC.restD.lie10.A.especiallyB.simplyC.probablyD.directly11.A.discussionB.problemC.jokeD.matter12.A.thoughB.yetC.althoughD.still13.A.calledB.backedC.linedD.packed14.A.oldB.crowdedC.poorD.unfamiliar15.A.leaveB.letC.orderD.send16.A.aboveB.inC.ofD.at17.A.protectedB.guidedC.believedD.accepted18.A.thenB.thereC.onceD.anywayI9.A.strictB.powerfulC.heavyD.right20.A.realizeB.rememberC.recognizeD.recoverTimBeckerandhisneighboursaredoingsomethingtomaketheirneighbourhoodatroublefreearea.WhenTimBeckergetsinhiscartogoshopping,hedoesn't_l_drivetoastoreandbackhome.Healwayslooks____1__upanddownthestreetofhisneighbourhood.Helooksforanything_]__suchasstrangecars,loudnoises,_Lwindows,orpeoplegatheringonstreetcomers.Tim____2_toaneighbourhoodwatchgroupinStoneville,Indiana,USA.Theneighbourhoodwatchgroup-----2onthethirdWednesdayofeverymonth.That's_1__Timgetstogetherwithabouttenofhisneighbourstodiscusscommunity__]_.Membersoftheneighbourhoodwatchgroupwanttohelpthepolice_2__theirhomes,streetsandfamiliessafe.TinaStedman,presidentof__.!Q_neighbourhoodwatchgroup,agreeswithTim."Peopleseemtothinkthatcrime（犯罪）happenstootherpeoplebutnot__lL_them.Well,it'sneverhappenedtome,"shesaid,"butIdon'tthinkanyonehasthe___l1_tostealotherpeopleortomakethemfeel___lLsittingintheirownhomes."Alex,amemberofthegroup,saidthatalltheneighbours_lLoutforoneanother,"We__lLeachother'shomes.Wekeepwatchontheneighbourhoodatnightandonweekends.Usuallya~offourofusgoesouttogether.Ifsomethingdoesn'tlookright,thenwecallthe_lL.Forexample,ifwenoticeagroupofteenagerswhoseemtobelookingforl8,orsomeonedestroymgproperty（財(cái)產(chǎn)），wereporttothepohce.Alexfeelstheneighbourhoodwatchgroups____l2__alotinkeepingcrimedown.HerhusbandJimagrees,"Policearegoodpeople,buttheycan'tdo___]Q_.(2002年春季北京、安徽、內(nèi)蒙卷）I.A.yetB.stillC.justD.rather2.A.carefullyB.clearlyC.nervouslyD.coldly3.A.familiarB.unusualC.expensiveD.interesting4.A.curtainedB.openC.oldD.broken5.A.attendsB.belongsC.goesD.turns

216.A.meetsB.quarrelsC.singsD.searches7.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how8.A.politicsB.wealthC.healthD.safety9.A.keepB.holdC.letD.protectIO.A.itsB.hisC.theirD.your11.A.roundB.onC.aboutD.to12.A.rightB.chanceC.courageD.mind13.A.unluckyB.unsafeC.disappointedD.discouraged14.A.setB.letC.holdD.look15.A.careB.enterC.watchD.manage16.A.groupB.setC.numberD.crowd17.A.judgesB.policeC.firemenD.doctor18.A.work8.burdenC.serviceD.trouble19.A.produceB.fmdC.getD.help20.A.anythingB.everythingC.harmD.wrong8Whatisintelligence（智力）anyway?Wl1enIwasinthearmyI__l_anintelligencetestthatallsoldierstook,and,against__1__ofl00,scored160.Ihadanauto-repairmanonce,who,ontheseintelligencetests,couldnot~havescoredmorethan80.生whenanythingwentwrongwithmycarIhurriedtohim—andhealways~止Well,then,supposemyauto-repairman__Q_questionsforsomeintelligencetests.ByeveryoneofthemI'dprovemyselfa二．InaworldwhereIhavetoworkwithmy二I'ddopoorlyConsidermyauto-repairman---2.._.Hehadahabitoftelling___J_Q__.Onetimehesaid,"Doc,adeaf-and-dumb（聾啞）man__ll_somenails.Havingenteredastore,heputtwofingerstogetheronthecounterandmade____Ll__movementswiththeotherhand,Theclerkbroughthimahammer.He____Ll__hisheadandpointedtothetwofingershewashammering.Theclerk_lLhimsomenails.Hepickeduptherightsizeandleft.Well,doc,the--1.2manwhocameinwasblind.Hewantedscissors（剪刀）．[Ldoyousupposeheaskedforthem?"Iliftedmyrighthandmadescissoringmovementswithmyfirsttwofingers.Heburstoutlaughingandsaid,"Why,youfool,heusedhis____ll_andaskedforthem.I'vebeen___lLthatonallcustomerstoday,butIknow__l2_I'dcatchyou.""Wilyisthat?"Iasked."Becauseyouaresogoddamnededucated,Doc.Iknewyoucouldn'tbevery--2Q_.AndIhaveanuneasyfeelinghehadsomethingthere.(2002年全國卷）I.A.failedB.wroteC.receivedD.chose2.A.anaverageB.atotalC.anexamD.anumber3.A.alwaysB.possiblyC.certainlyD.frequently4.A.ThenB.ThusC.ThereforeD.Yet5.A.fixedB.checkedC.droveD.changed6.A.answeredB.practisedC.designedD.tried7.A.teacherB.doctorC.winnerD.fool8.A.brainsB.effortC.handsD.attention9.A.againB.asusualC.tooD.aswell10.A.liesB.jokesC.newsD.tales11.A.boughtB.testedC.foundD.needed12.A.cuttingB.hammeringC.wavingD.circling13.A.noddedB.raisedC.shookD.turned14.A.broughtB.packedC.sentD.sold15.A.cleverB.otherC.rightD.next16.A.WhatB.HowC.WhoD.Which17.A.imaginationB.handC.voiceD.information18.A.tryingB.provingC.practisingD.examining19.A.forsureB.atonceC.infactD.rightnow20.A.clearB.sillyC.slowD.smart9AndywasstilltravellinginSpainwhenherealizedhehadtoconfirm（確認(rèn)）hisflightwiththeairline

22company.HewasvisitingSpaininorderto__l__hisSpanish.Whenhewasspea血gtopeople____l__hehadno立＿understandingwhattheysaid.---1_,whenhewasspeakingonthephone,he--2..._hadaproblem.Andy~theairline.Andtheclerkconfirmedthathisplanewasleavingatnineo'clockthreedaysfromthatday.She_]toldAndytobeatthea訂p01ttwohours_Linordertocheckinhisluggageandgetaseat.Sincehewas__2._inthreedays,Andydidn't_!.Q__anytime.Hevisitedasmanyplacesashecould.Hethoughtthatitwouldprobablybeawhilebeforehehadenoughmoneyagain.Hewishedhecould_li_andspendayearinSpain.Too-1.L_,thefinaldayarrived.Andyleftearlyfortheairporttoarrivetwohoursbeforetake-off.Hehatedto___ll_.Hewenttotheclerkto___l±_histicket.Theclerklookedattheticketwith____lL."Why,sir,butyour幾ghtwasatnineinthemorning,and__lLitiseightintheevening.""ButIconfirmedmyflight,"___J]___Andy"WillIhavetopayforanotherticket?""No,sir.However,thenextflightoutwillbethreedaysfromnow."Andy's_!Lofshockturnedtooneof__JLasherealizedthatbecouldcontinuehis_2Q__.(2003年春季安徽卷）1.A.prepareB.improveC.enjoyD.learn2.A.slowlyB.inpublicC.inpersonD.careful3.A.difficultyB.ideaC.mistakeD.interest4.A.InsteadB.ThereforeC.MeanwhileD.However5.A.evenB.justC.stillD.seldom6.A.calledB.likedC.trustedD.asked7.A.againB.alsoC.onlyD.once8.A.beforeB.earlierC.laterD.after9.A.movingB.returningC.stayingD.leaving10.A.takeB.haveC.loseD.fmd11.A.waitB.gohomeC.stopD.comeback12.A.shortlyB.quicklyC.badlyD.early13.A.speakB.goC.rushD.delay14.A.buyB.presentC.orderD.provide15.A.astonishmentB.patienceC.respectD.delight16.A.maybeB.soC.hereD.now17.A.insistedB.apologizedC.repliedD.demanded18.A.experienceB.expressionC.lookD.face19.A.pleasureB.comfortC.sadnessD.hopelessness20.A.planB.flightC.journeyD.vacation10YouDidmoreThanCarryMyBooksMarkwaswalkinghomefromschoolonedaywhenhenoticedtheboyaheadofhimhaddroppedallofthebookshewascarrying,alongwithabaseballbatandseveralotherthings.Mark__l_downandhelpedtheboypickupthesearticles.___1__theyweregoingthesameway,hehelpedtheboycarrysomeofthemforhim.AstheywalkedMark_l_theboy'snamewasBill,thathe____±_computergames,baseballandhistory,thathewashavingalotof-2,—withhisothersubjectsandthathehadjustbroken_Q_withhisgirlfriendTheyarrivedatBill'shomefirstandMarkwas_:J_inforaCokeandtowatchsometelevision.Theafternoonpassed土withafewlaughsandsomesharedsmalltalk,andthenMarkwenthome.They_2._toseeeachotheraroundschool,hadlunchtogetheronceortwice,andthenbothendedupfromthesamehighschool.Justthreeweeksbefore___lL,BillaskedMarkifthey___lL_talk.Bill____lI___himofthedayyearsagowhentheyhadfirstmet."Doyou___ll_wonderwhyIwascarryingsomanythingshomethatday?"askedBill."Yousee,I___lLoutmylocker（公共更衣室等中可鎖起來的小櫥，抽屜，小室）because]小dn'twanttoleaveamess（臟亂）!_i_anyoneelse.Ihadplannedtoranawayand'Iwasgoinghometo_lLmythings.Butafterwespentsometimetogether___lL_andlaughing,Irealizedthat旱Ihaddonethat,Iwouldhave___.12_anewfriendand血ssedallthefunwewouldhavetogether.Soyousee,Mark,whenyoupickedupmybooksthatday,youdidalotmore.You___lQ__mylife.(2003年春季北京卷）1.A.fellB.satC.layD.knelt2.A.AlthoughB.SinceC.AfterD.Until3.A.discoveredB.realizedC.saidD.decided4.A.playedB.lovedC.triedD.made

235.A.questionsB.ideasC.troubleD.doubt6.A.upB.outC.offD.away7.A.calledB.helpedC.invitedD.allowed8.A.peacefullyB.willinglyC.freelyD.pleasantly9.A.continuedB.agreedC.forcedD.offered10.A.graduationB.movementC.separationD.vacation11.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.must12.A.demandedB.remindedC.removedD.asked13.A.everB.usuallyC.evenD.never14.A.checkedB.tookC.cleanedD.put15.A.overA.intoC.withD.for16.A.findB.pickC.packD.hold17.A.talkingB.playingC.readingD.watching18.A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.as19.A.forgottenB.passedC.leftD.lost20.A.helpedB.recoveredC.improvedD.changedIIMyFirstJobIwassixwhenIjoinedmyfatherandtwoelderbrothersatsunriseinthefieldsofEufaulaOkla._l__thetimeJwaseightIwashelpingDadfixupoldfurniture.Hegavemeacentforeverynaill___l_outofoldboards.Igotmyfirst_J__job,atJM'srestaurantintown,whenIwas12.Mymainrespons伽litieswere~tables,andwashingdishes,_LsometimesIhelpedcook.EverydayafterschoolIwould＿立＿toJM'sandworkuntilten.EvenonSaturdayI__]—fromtwountileleven.Atthatageitwasdifficultgoingtoworkand_Lmyfriendsrunofftoswimorplay.Ididn'tnecessarilylikework,butIlovedwhatworking_2,_metohave.Becauseofmy_lQ_IwasalwaystheonebuyingwhenmyfriendsandIwenttothelocalTasteeFreeze.Thismademe__!J_.WordthatIwastrustworthyandhardworking__Jl__aroundtown.Alocalclothingstoreofferedmecredit（除帳）Ll_lwasonlyinseventhgrade.Iimmediately___l1_a$68sportscoatanda$22pairofshoes.Iwas~only65centsanhour,andIalreadyowedthestorekeeper$90!SoIleamed__lLthedangerofeasycredit.Ipaidit___lL_assoonasIcould.Myfirstjobtaughtmeself-con訂ol,responsibilityandbroughtmea___lLofpersonalsatisfactionfewofmyfriendshadexperienced.Asmyfather,__.lLworkedthreejobs,oncetoldme,"Ifyou---2Q__sacrifice（奉獻(xiàn)）andrespons如lity,therearenotmanythingsinlifeyoucan'thave."Howrighthewas!(2003年北京卷）l.A.BeforeB.WithinC.FromD.By2.A.pulledB.putC.pickedD.pressed3.A.usualB.realC.mainD.particular4.A.sweepingB.packingC.clearingD.emptying5.A.orB.soC.butD.even6.A.headB.turnC.changeD.move7.A.studiedB.workedC.playedD.slept8.A.helpingB.havingC.watchingD.letting9.A.askedB.toldC.promisedD.allowed10.A.studyB.powerC.ageD.job11.A.proudB.friendlyC.luckyD.hopeful12.A.ranB.gotC.flewD.carried13.A.althoughB.whileC.ifD.since14.A.soldB.borrowedC.chargedD.wore15.A.keepingB.makingC.payingD.taking16.A.graduallyB.greatlyC.hardlyD.early17.A.outB.overC.awayD.off18.A.pointB.levelC.pa1tD.sign19.A.heB.thatC.whoD.whoever20.A.understandB.demandC.offerD.fear

2412Iplayedracquetball（尤指流行千美國的短拍壁球）gameagainstmycousinEdlastweek.Itwasoneofthemost-andtmnggamesI'veeverhad.WhenEdfirstphonedand＿仁weplay,Ilaughedqu1etly,figunngonan_l_victory.Afterall,Ed'sideaof___±_hasalwaysbeennothingmore_2_thanliftingaforktohismouth.丘＿Icanremember,Ed'sbeentheleastphysicallyfitmemberinthefamily,and___l_proudofhimself.HisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughthefamilyoften___8.._aboutthat,Edrefusetobuya_LT-shirtortoloseweight.SowhenEd__l_Q_forourgamenotonlywiththebottomofhisshi1tgatheredinsidehistrousersbutalsowithastomachyoucouldhardly_J_L_,IwassosurprisedthatIwas旦.Mycousinmusthavemadeanefforttogethimselfintoshape.__JJ_,atthepointinourgamewhenI'dhavepredicted（預(yù)計(jì)）tobeabout9toIinmyfavour,itwas___!L7to9—andEdwas~.Thesuddenrealizationwaspainful.We___l.Ltoplayliketwomadmen.Whenthescorewas16up,Iwashavingserious＿口aboutstayingaliveuntil21yearsoldletalone__lLthatmanypoints.Whenthegamefinallyended,bothofuswerelyingflatonourbacks,too肛edto_l2__.Inaway,Ithinkwebothwoninthegame,butcousinEdmy王(2003年全國卷）1.A.encouragingB.hopelessC.surprisingD.regular2.A.declaredB.mentionedC.persuadedD.suggested3.A.unforgettableB.unexpectedC.easyD.early4.A.exerciseB.preparationC.joyD.fitness5.A..tittme-savmizB.comfortableC.suitableD.effort-making6.A.AssoonasB.AslongasC.WhenD.Since7.A.strangelyB.personallyC.reasonablyD.eagerly8.A.caredB.forgotC.quarrelledD.joked9.A.cleanB.lagerC.straightD.darker10.A.setoutB.gotreadyC.arrivedD.returned11.A.noticeB.admireC.believedD.measure12.A.nervousB.curiousC.carelessD.speechless13.A.AfterallB.AsaresultC.AboveallD.Atlast14.A.mistakenlyB.thenC.insteadD.naturally15.A.leadingB.comingC.waitingD.countingI6.A.pretendedB.stoppedC.continuedD.decided17.A.thoughtsB.doubtsC.situationD.problem18.A.sconngB.completingC.receivingD.keeping19.A.playB.startC.sleepD.move20.A.friendshipB.respectC.supportD.favour13Alittleboyinvitedhismothertoattendhisschool'sfirstteacher-parentmeeting.Tothelittleboy's__l_,shesaidshewouldgo.This___L_bethefirsttimethathisclassmatesandteacher__L_hismotherandhefelt_±_ofherappearance.Althoughshewasabeautifulwoman,therewasaseverescar（疤痕）that___i_nearlytheentirerightsid~ofherface.!heboy_neverwa~te~to＿丘＿whyorhowshegotthescarAtthemeeting,thepeoplewere__l__bythekindnessandnaturalbeautyofhismother___[_thescar,butthelittleboywasstillembarrassed（尷尬）and___2_himself介omeveryone.Hedid,however.getwithin__lQ_ofaconversationbetweenhismotherandhisteacher.Theteacherasked_.ll_,,"Howdidyougetthescaronyourface?"Themotherreplied,"_lLmysonwasababy,hewasinaroomthatcaughtfire.Everyonewas_Ll.afraidtogoinbecausethefirewas___l.1_,soIwentin.AsIwasrunningtowardhisbed,Isawalongpieceofwoodcomingdownandfplacedmyselfoverhimtryingtoprotecthim.Iwasknocked_l2._butfortunatelya伍emancamei.t1andsavedbothofus."She___lLtheburnedface,"Thisscarwillbe__lL_,buttothisday,Ihavenever18whatIdid.Atthispoint,thelittleboycaneoutrunningtowardhismotherwithtearsinhiseyes.Heheldherinhisarmsandfeltagreat__L2___ofthesacrifice（犧牲）thathismotherhadmadeforhim.Heheldherhand_1Q_fortherestoftheday.(2004年重慶卷）I.A.enjoymentB.disappointmentC.surpriseD.excitement2.A.wouldB.couldC.shouldD.must3.A.noticedB.greetedC.acceptedD.met4.A.sickB.ashamedC.afraidD.tired

25l234,...5.A.includedB.passedC.coveredD.shaded6.A.talkaboutB.thinkaboutC.careaboutD.hearabout7.A.impressedB.surprisedC.excitedD.comforted8.A.insightofB.bymeansofC.bywayofD.inspiteof9.A.hidB.protectedC.separatedD.escaped10.A.understandingB.remindingC.hearingD.learning11.A.carefullyB.seriouslyC.nervouslyD.anxiously12.A.AsB.WhenC.SinceD.While13.A.soB.muchC.quiteD.too14.A.outofcontrolB.undercontrolC.incontrolD.overcontrol15.A.helplessB.hopelessC.senselessD.useless16.A.pointedB.showedC.wipedD.touched17.A.ugly8.lastingC.seriousD.frightening18.A.forgotB.recognizedC.consideredD.regretted19.A.honourB.senseC.happinessD.pride20.A.quietlyB.slightlyC.tightlyD.suddenly14Sincemyfamilywerenotgoingtobehelp和I,IdecidedTwouldlookforoneallbymyselfandnottellthemaboutittillI'dgotone.Ihadseenanagency（中介機(jī)構(gòu)）advertisedinalocalnewspaper.Irushedoutoftl1e___l__insearchofit.Iwaswildlyexcited,andas_LasifIweregoingonthestage.Findingthe_}_quiteeasily,Iranbreathlesslythroughadoorwhichsaid"Enterwithoutknocking,ifyouplease."Thesimpleatmosphereoftheoffice_±._me.Thewomanlookedcarefullyatme＿主＿throughherglasses,andthen上meinalowvoice.Iansweredsoftly.AllofasuddenIstartedtofeelrather_]_.ShewonderedwhyIwaslookingforthissortof___JL__.Ifeltevenmorehelplesswhenshetoldmethatitwouldbe-----2.___togetajobwithout_lQ_.IwonderedwhetherIoughttoleave,__ll_thetelephoneonherdeskrang.Iheardhersay:"_lL,I'vegotsomeoneinthe__ll__atthisverymomentwhomight_lL."Shewrotedowna_lL,andhelditouttome,saying:"Ringupthislady.Shewantsa__lLinunediately.Infact,youwouldhavetostarttomorrowbycookingadinnerforternpeople.""Ohyes,"saidI—!.1._havingcookedformorethanfourinmylife.I___.lLheragainandagain,andrushedouttothe----1..2____telephonebox.lcollectedmythoughts,tookadeepbreath,andrangthenumber.IsaidconfidentlythatTwasjustwhatshewaslookingforIspentthenextfewhours----2Q.__cookbooks.(2004年廣東卷）A.bedB.houseC.agencyD.officeA.proudB.pleasedC.nervousD.worriedA.familyB.doorC.placeD.stageA.calmedB.excitedC.frightenedD.disturbed5.A.asusualB.forawhileC.inaminuteD.onceagam6.A.advisedB.examinedC.informedD.questioned7.A.encouragedB.dissatisfiedC.hopelessD.pleased8.A.placeB.jobC.adviceD.help9.A.difficultB.helplessC.possibleD.unusualIO.A.abilityB.experienceC.knowledgeD.study11.A.afterB.sinceC.untilD.when12.A.AboveallB.AsamatteroffactC.AsaresultD.Inspiteofthat13.A.familyB.houseC.officeD.restaurant14.A.hireB.acceptC.suitD.offer15.A.letterB.nameC.noteD.number16.A.cookB.helpC.teacherD.secretary17.A.almostB.neverC.nearlyD.really18.A.answeredB.promisedC.thankedD.told19.A.outsideB.localC.closestD.nearest20.A.borrowingB.buyingC.readingD.writing15Peoplewearhatsforthreereasons:protection,c01nrnunication,anddecoration（裝飾）．

26ProtectionPeoplefi江stbegantowearhatsto__l__themselvesfromtheclimate.Inhot,sunnycl血ates,wide-edgedhatsprovide___l__fromthesun.Incoldcliinates,peopleoftenwearwoolhats.Insomeregions,peoplewearavarietyofprotectivehats,_l__theseason.Theymaywearawoolhatinwinter,arainhatinspringorfall,andawide-edgedhatinsummer..Hatsalsoprovideprotectionincertain__L_.Constructionworkers,footballplayers,militarypersonnel,andpeopleinmanyotherfieldswearmetalofplastichelmets（頭盔）forprotectionfrom_i_.CommunicatiommunicationHatscancon而unicatevariousthingsaboutthepeoplewhowearthem.Thehatsofcoalminers,cowboysandfi訂emenindicatethewearer's___§___.Studentsmaywearamortarboard（學(xué)士帽）toshowtheyaregraduatingfromhighschoolorcollegeDecorationMostpeoplewearahatthattheybelievemakesthemselvesattractive,_J_thehat'smainpurposemaybeprotectionorcof11lllunication.Manyprotectivehatsareattractiveandstylish.Eventhecapsofpoliceofficersandmilitarypersonnelaredesignedto__B__thewearer'sappearance.CertaiI1decorativehatsarewornasa(n)_L.InScotland,forexample,peoplewearacapcalledatam-o'-shanterthatispartoftheirnationalcostume（服裝）．Manypeoplechangetheirstyleofhatfromtimetotimebecausetheyfeelmore__JQwhenkeepingupwiththelatestfashion.1.A.defendB.protectC.preventD.hide2.A.shadeB.shadowC.securityD.cover3.A.resultingfromB.basinguponC.relatingfromD.dependiI1gon..4.A.seasonsB.cl血atesC.activitiesD.corrununities5.A.injuryB.desn·uctionC.harmD.pollution6.A.experienceB.occupationC.personalityD.education7.A.asB.unlessC.thoughD.because8.A.changeB.iI1creaseC.displayD.improve9.A.traditionB.labelC.honourD.fashion10.A.sociableB.iI1formalC.attractiveD.nobleInReneeSmith'sclassroom,attendanceisup,tripstotheheadmaster'sofficearedownandstudentsarehandinginassignments（作業(yè)）ontime.TheSpringfieldHighSchoolteachersaysshehasseengreat_ll_sinceaddingafewnewstudentstoherclass—fiveLabradorpuppiesandtheirfather.Theseven_lLstudentsinS1nith'sclasshaveahistoryofdiscipline__l1_.ButsiI1cethey'vestartedteachingdogsobedience（服從），theirown__li__hasimproved.AdogtrainerChuckReynolds_l2__thestudentsanewtrickeachweekthattheythenworkonwiththepuppies.Atnight,thedogsgohomewiththestaffmemberswhohaveraisedthem.Theygetdroppedoffinthemorning,__l§__aparentwouldtakeachiIdtocare.Smithsaidshecameupwiththeideawhenherdoghadpuppiesandshesawhow_lL_herownchildrenrespondedtothem.Sheconsulted（請教）withschoolpsychologist（心理學(xué)家）KristinEdiI1ger,_JL_theytooktheidea—alongwithlettersfromstudents__l2__theprogra皿ne—totheschoolboard.Apettherapist（治療專家）said,"Whatyouaretryingtoteachis~andthatthereareconsequences（后果）forthedecisionyoumake."(2004年春季上海卷）11.A.promotion（促進(jìn)）B.progressC.disturbance（干擾）D.disappointment12.A.humanB.dogC.new0.Labrador13.A.problemsB.questionsC.issuesD.troubles14A.habitB.attitudeC.actionD.behaviour15.A.guidesB.teachesC.permitsD.aids（幫助）16.A.suchasB.muchasC.sothatD.evenif17.A.wellB.quicklyC.poorlyD.carelessly18.A.but8.soC.andD.because19.A.revising（修正）B.describingC.opposing（提議）D.supporting20.A.self-criticism（自我批評）B.self-respectC.self-controlD.self-importance16Surfing:It'snotforBoysAnymoreIfyouaskedhighschoolgirlstonametheirfavoritesports,mostwouldprobablysaybasketballorvolleyballIhappentobetheoneofthefewgirlswhowould___l__:surfing（沖浪運(yùn)動）．Butisn'titthataboything?Somepeople___l_.Mostcertainlynot.Istartedsurfingaboutfiveyearsagoand上inlovewiththesportontheveryfirstday伈dingthatfirstLwasthebestfeelingIhadeverexperienced.

27WhenItryto____l_surfmgwithotherthings,Ifinditverydifficultbecause,inmy___Q__,there'snothinglikeit.Itinvolves（牽涉到）body,_L_,andsoul.There'ssandbetweenmytoesandcool,saltwaterall~us.ThefeelingIgetwhenI'msurfingacrossthat二，becomingonewiththe_lQ_,islikeI'mweightlessTheonefeelinglcan___ll__fromsurfingandnotanyothersportisendlesschallenge.Youcanneverbethe"bestsurfer"becausetheocean_J]_anuncountablevarietyofwavesthatnobodycanevermaster.Thevariationsofsurfingstylesarewonderful.Somesurfersarefreeandflowing;othersareveryaggressive（活躍有力的）and___ll_.Allofthesethingsattractmetosurfingandmakeit___l_Lfromanyothersport.I've_l_LtotelleverygirlIknowtodosomethingthatpeopledon'tthinkgirlscando.It'spartofbeinghumantoadvancetonew_JL,soshouldn'titbeexpectedthatgirlsshouldstepupandstart_J]__thelimitsofthingsboysandmenusedtodominate（主宰）．There'rewomen___lL_sidebysidewiththePresidentofourcountry,sowhynotsidebysidewiththeboys鳥thefootballteamoroutinthewatersurfmg?Givegirlsachanceto___]Q_,andtheywill.(2004年春季北京、安傲卷）1.A.tellB.answerC.giveD.realize2.A.wonderB.understandC.replyD.believe3.A.stayedB.cameC.droppedD.fell4.A.waveB.stormC.sailD.boat5.A.bringB.connectC.compareD.tie6.A.workB.studyC.holidayD.life7.A.mindB.effortC.healthD.time8.A.alongB.aboveC.aroundD.by9.A.beachB.waterC.boardD.lake10.A.skyB.worldC.earthD.ocean11.A.takeB.getC.makeD.keep12.A.catches8.includesC.offersD.collects13.A.sharpB.greatC.hardD.calm14.A.knownB.rightC.farD.different15.A.chosenB.triedC.leamedD.promised16.A.levelsB.pointsC.stepsD.parts17.A.reachingB.acceptingC.pushingD.setting18.A.sittingB.walkingC.fightingD.working19.A.ofB.fromC.onD.with20.A.thinkB.succeedD.performD.feel17Itwasthenightbeforethecompositionwasdue.AsIlookedatthelistoftopics,TheArtofEatingSpaghetti（意大利面條）caughtmyeye.Theword"spaghetti"broughtbackthe＿上＿ofaneveningatUncleAllen'sinBelleville__l_allofuswereseatedaroundthetableandAuntPat__]__spaghettiforsupper.Spaghettiwasanexotic（外來的）treatin___±_days.NeverhadIeatenspaghetti,and_Lofthegrown-upshadenoughexperiencetobe__§__it.Whatlaughing__l_wehadaboutthe~respectablemethodformovingspaghettifromplatetomouth.___2_,Iwantedtowriteaboutthat,butIwantedto_!.Q_itdownsimplyformyown_.!L,notforMrFleagle,mycompositionteacher.__.ll_,Iwouldwritesomethingelse.WhenIfinisheditthenightwashalfgoneandtherewasno____Ll__lefttowriteapropercompositionforMrFleagle.Therewasnochoicenextmorningbutto__lLmywork.TwodayspassedbeforeMrFleaglereturnedthe___lLpapers.Hesaid,"Now,class,Iwanttoreadyouacomposition,TheArtofEatingSpaghetti."Mywords!Hewasreadingmywordsout___lLtothewholeclass.__lL_laughed,thenthewholeclasswaslaughingwithopen-heartedenjoyment.Ididmybestnottoshow___lL,butwhatIwasfeelingwaspurehappiness,--12...._mywordshadthepowertomakepeople__lQ_.(2004年全國卷I)I.A.memoryB.thoughtC.knowledgeD.expenence2.A.whenB.whereC.sinceD.after3.A.cookedB.servedC.gotD.made4.A.theirB.pastC.lastD.those5.A.noneB.oneC.someD.neither6.A.carefulaboutB.goodatC.fondofD.interestedin7.A.speechesB.lessonsC.sayingsD.arguments8.A.nearlyB.naturallyC.officiallyD.socially

289.A.EspeciallyB.ProbablyC.SuddenlyD.FortunatelyIO.A.settleB.putC.takeD.let11.A.workB.storyC.luckD.joy12.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.AsforhimD.Exceptforthat13.A.timeB.excuseC.wayD.idea14.A.giveupB.continueC.handinD.delay15.A.writtenB.gradedC.collectedD.signed16.A.loudB.fastC.publiclyD.calmly17.A.PeopleB.NobodyC.SomebodyD.I18.A.shockB.wonderC.worryD.pleasure19.A.ifB.forC.whileD.although20.A.excitedB.satisfiedC.tl1inkD.laugh18TracyWongisawell-knownChinese-Americanwriter.Butherwriting—匕＿wassomethingshepickedupbyherself.Afterherfirst_L.,teachingdisabledchildren,shebecameapart-timewriterforIBM._J_,writingstories皿mediatelywassimplya___±_interest.Tracysentthreeofherstoriestoapublisher（出版商）．5,theyimmediatelysuggestedthatsheputthemtogethertomakeasingleonelong_LandpaidTracya$50,000advance."Aprettymoney,"saidthepublisher,"for＿工＿writer."LTracy'characters（人物）areinteresting,herstoriessometimes__2__readersuneasy;thoseaboutthesupernatural（超自然的）．“MymotherbelievedIcould__lQ_theafterlifeworld,"shetoldaclosefriend."Sheusedtohavemespeakwithmygrandmother,whodiedmanyyearsago.""CanI?Idon'tthinkIcan,"Tracysaidwithalaugh."ButIdohave__ll_whenthingscometome___lL."Once,shewaswonderinghowtocompletea__.ll_setinancientChina.__.l±_thedoorbellrang.ItwasaFedExdeliveryman,withacopyofabookonChinese_lL.Itcamewithoutherhaving_JLit.ThoughshehaspublishedIObooks,Tracyhasremained_ll__byherfame.Shelivedinthesame____lLshelived27yearsago—althoughinamorecomfortablehome.There'smoreroomfor_ILinherlife一—anditwasjust___1Q_.(2004年全國卷II)1.A.skillB.expenenceC.practiceD.method2.A.dutyB.effortC.jobD.task3.A.InsteadB.NormallyC.CertainlyD.Then4.A.generalB.deepC.personalD.lively5.A.InterestedB.AnxiouslyC.SeriouslyD.Encouraged6.A.filmB.storyC.programD.aiticle7.A.aforeignB.apopularC.anunusualD.anunknown8.A.NowthatB.EventhoughC.JustbecauseD.Exceptthat9.A.fmdB.tumC.leaveD.holdI0.A.makeupB.connectwithC.controlD.explain11.A.eventsB.chancesC.feelingsD.moments12.A.fornoreasonB.fromdistanceC.byaccidentD.asgifts13.A.descriptionB.paintingC.sceneD.talk14.A.Sw-prisinglyB.SuddenlyC.ExpectedlyD.Fortunately15.A.cookingB.historyC.playD.medicine16.A.knownB.sentC.realizedD.ordered17.A.unchangedB.excitedC.determinedD.unmoved18.A.lifeB.cityC.houseD.way19.A.successB.workC.joyD.variety20.A.writingB.reportingC.luckD.fun19PerhapsthemostinterestingpersonIhaveevermetisanItalianprofessorofphilosophy（哲學(xué)）whoteachesattheuniversityofPisa._J_Ilastmetthismaneightyearsago,Ihavenotforgottenhis_Lqualities.Firstofall,Irespectedhis_]__toteaching.Becausehislectureswerealwayswell-preparedandclearlydelivered,studentscrowdedintohisclassroom.Hisfollowerslikedthefactthathe__±___whathetaught.Furthermore,hecouldbecountedontoexplainhisideasinan___i__way,introducingsuchaids（輔助）to_§_asoilpaintings,music,andguestlecturers.Oncehe_]_sangasonginclassinordertomakeapointclear._L,1admiredthe

29factthathewouldtalktostudentsoutsidetheclassroomortalkwiththem----2._thetelephone.Duringcoffeeinthecafe,hewouldeasilymakefriendswithstudents.Sometimeshewould_lQ_astudenttoagameofchess（國際象棋）．Ll.._,hewouldjoinstudentgroupstodiscussavarietyof___ll__:agriculture,diving,andmathematicsManyyoungpeoplevisitedhiminhisofficefor___Ll__ontheirstudies;otherscametohishomeforspecialevenings.Finally,Iwas____l±_byhislivelysenseofhumour.Hebelievedthatnolessonisasuccess___l_L,duringit,thestudentsandtheprofessor___l§__atleastoneloud__lL_.Throughhissenseofhumour,hemadelearningmore__lLandmorelasting.Ifitis_____l2_thatlifemakesawisemansmileandafoolishmancry,____l_Qmyfriendisindeedawiseman.(2004年全國卷TH)I.A.AlthoughB.WhenC.EvenifD.Nowthat2.A.basicB.specialC.commonD.particular3.A.attentionB.introductionC.relationD.devotion4.A.iI1sistedonB.talkedaboutC.believedinD.agreedwith5.A.imaginativeB.ordinaryC.oppositeD.open6.A.listeningB.understandingC.informationD.discovery7.A.alsoB.nearlyC.evenD.only8.A.巨terB.SecondlyC.HoweverD.Therefore9.A.withB.byC.fromD.onIO.A.inviteB.leadC.preferD.showII.A.AsamatteroffactB.LateronC.OthertimesD.Ingeneral12.A.questionsB.subjectsC.mattersD.contents13.A.supportB.explanationC.experienceD.advice14.A.disturbedB.movedC.attractedD.defeated15.A.forB.untilC.sinceD.unless16.A.hearB.suggestC.shareD.demand17.A.laughB.cryC.shoutD.question18.A.helpfulB.enjoyableC.practicalD.useful19.A.naturalB.normalC.hopefulD.true20.A.soB.forC.thenD.yet20"Myname'sJimShelleyandI'manaddict（有癮的人）．．“WiththesewordsIbeganto_l_theproblem,theproblemofmytelephoneaddiction.IusedtocallpeopleL,fromthemomentIwokeuptothetimeIwenttosleep.I_l__tobephoned,Iwantedtophone.Justonemorecall.Itstartedsocially—afewcallseachday.Itseemed_L_,justaquickchat.Graduallythough,the_Lgotworse.Soonitwas_Q_use,until,finally,addiction.Anditbegantoaffect（影響）my_L_.DuringthedayIwoulddisappearfor____.8__call.IfIcouldn'tmakeacall,Ispentthewholetimewaitingforthephonetoring.Gettingmoreandmore二，intheend,Iwouldringsomeone,thensomeoneelse,___!Q__myselfjustonemorecall.Iwasphoningpeopleand___.ll_messagestomakesure___.lLcallswouldseemethroughtheday.Iusedtoarriveatfriends'homesandbeforethedoorwasclosed,gostraightforthephonewiththe____Ll__"IsitOKifljustusethephone...?"Atwork,lbecame_J__L__whenmyfellowworkertriedto____lLmefromusingthephoneAndonedayIhitmyboss(withthephone).Finallythepolicecaughtme____.lQ__aphoneboxthathadtakenmylastonepoundcoin,andIwas___.!L_toseeapsychiatrist（心理醫(yī)生）．Ihaven't~aphoneinthehouseforthreeweeksnow,andit'sseveraldays---12...._Iusedaphonebox.ItrynottowatchTVbecausethereare_lQ__peopleonitmakingphonecalls.MynameisJimShelleyandIamaddict.(2004年全國卷IV)1.A.faceB.findC.acceptD.notice2.A.nowandthenB.allthetimeC.athomeD.atwork3.A.triedB.askedC.waitedD.invited4.A.politeB.importantC.fineD.special5.A.conditionB.situationC.resultD.effect6.A.frequentB.regularC.unusualD.particular7.A.friendsB.studyC.familyD.work8.A.aquickB.asecretC.anexpectedD.anextra

309.hopefulB.delightedC.frightenedD.anxiousI0.A.forcingB.tellingC.givingD.limitingII.A.leavingB.takingC.passingD.recording12.A.longB.immediateC.enoughD.surprising13.A.sayingB.demandsC.wishD.words14.A.care和lB.madC.determjned0.helpless15.A.saveB.reduceC.protectD.stop16.A.destroyingB.usingC.stealingD.emptying17.A.offeredB.guidedC.orderedD.reminded18.A.missedB.hadC.receivedD.fixed19.A.asB.whenC.ifD.since20.A.alwaysB.justC.moreD.different21Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.—!_springsandstreamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe_Lareaslikethedesert.Thecontrolispossibleevenwithoutpossessionoflargeareasof_J__land.IntheearlydaysoftheAtnericanWest,gunfightswerenot___±_forthewaterresources（資源），andlawshadtobe_Ltoprotectthewaterrightsofthe_§_andtheuseofthewaterresource~ac_co~dingly._J_isknowntousall,thereisnot—立＿waterinallplacesforeveryonetouseasmuchashelikes.Decidingonthe--2._ofwaterthatwillbeusedinanyparticularperiod_J_Q_carefulplanning,sothatpeoplecanmanageandusewatermore_ll__.Farmershavetochangetheiruseofordemandforwater___!l_thewatersupplyforecast（預(yù)報(bào)）．The__lLwatersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe_JLthanfromthebelow.Interestis墜inthewaystoincreaserainfallbyman-mademethods,andtogetwaterfromthewintersnowonmountain叢仁＿．Withspecialequipment,somescientistsarest1.1dyingthewaysinwhichthemountainsnowcanbe_lL_,andwiththehelpofarepeaterstation,theysendthe__l_Ldata（數(shù)據(jù)）tothebasestation.Theoperatoratthebasestationcangetthedataatanytimeby___l2__abutton.Inthenearfuture,theforecastanduseofwater---1..Qprobablydependontheadvanceknowledgeofsnowonmotmtains,notofwaterundergro皿d.(2004年遼寧卷）I.A.UsingB.HoldingC.OwningD.Finding2.A.dryB.distantC.desertedD.wild3.A.fmeB.beautifulC.richD.faru血g4.A.unlawfulB.unacceptableC.unpopularD.uncommon5.A.madeB.designedC.signedD.written6.A.winnersB.settlersC.fightersD.supporters7.A.ThatB.ItC.WhatD.As8.A.plenti和lB.enoughC.anyD.much9.A.typeB.qualityC.amountD.level1O.A.requestsB.requiresC.meansD.suggestsII.A.effectivelyB.easilyC.convenientlyD.actively12.A.leadingtoB.duetoC.owingtoD.accordingto13.A.correctB.furtherC.averageD.early14.A.cloudsB.skyC.airD.above15.A.raisingB.risingC.buildingD.lasting16.A.rocksB.tipsC.topsD.tees17.A.takencareofB.madeuseofC.piledupD.savedup18.A.pickedB.producedC.usedD.gathered19.A.touchingB.knockingC.pressingD.turning20.A.mightB.canC.willD.should22Adultsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpractisedinthemeantime.Amanwhohadanopportunitytogoswimmingforyearscan_J_swimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleafterseveraldecadesandstill—土＿away.Amotherwhohasnot_J_thewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"orrecitethestoryofCinderellaorSnowWhite.

31Oneexplanationisthelawofoverleaming,whichcanbestatedasfollows:___±_wehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningincreasesthe_Loftimewewillrememberit.Inchildhood,weusuallycontinuetopractisesuchs伈11sasswi血ning,bicycleridinglongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoand_§__ourselvesofpoemssuchas"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaorSnowWhite.Wenotonlylearnbut__]_,_Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycrairuning（突擊學(xué)習(xí)）foranexamination,__JL_itmayresultinapassinggrade,isnota_..2__waytolearnaschoolcourse.Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverleaming,_lQ_,isusuallyagoodinvestmenttowardthe血ure.(2004年上海卷）I.A.onlyB.hardlyC.stillD.even2.A.moveB.driveC.travelD.ride3.A.thoughtaboutB.caredforC.showedupD.broughtup4.A.BeforeB.OnceC.untilD.Unless5.A.accuracyB.unitC.limitD.length6.A.remindB.informC.warnD.recall7.A.reciteB.overleamC.researchD.improve8.A.thoughB.soC.ifD.after9.A.convenientB.demandingC.satisfactoryD.swiftIO.A.atmostB.bythewayC.ontheotherhandD.intheend23OneafternoonIwassittingatmyfavoritetableinarestaurant,waitingforthefoodIhadorderedtoarrive.Suddenlyl____l_thatamansittingatatablenearthewindowkeptglancinginmydirection,___l__heknewme.Themanhadanewspaper_Linfrontofhim,whichhewas--1_toread,butIcould“土thathewaskeepinganeyeonme.Whenthewaiterbroughtmy_Lthemanwasclearlypu互ledbythe—L.wayinwhichthewaiterandI~eachother.Heseemedevenmorepuzzledas_2._wentonanditbecame_lQ__thatallthewaitersintherestaurantknewme.Finallyhegotupandwentintothe__lL_.Whenhecameout,hepaidhisbilland___Jl_withoutanotherglanceinmydirection.Icalledtheowneroftherestaurantandaskedwhatthemanhad____ll__."Well,"hesaid,"thatmanwasadetective.He_!.±_youherebecausehethoughtyouwerethemanhe__l_L_.""What?"Isaid,showingmy＿壓.Theownercontinued,"Hecameintothekitchenandshowedmeaphotoofthewantedman.l__ll__sayhelookedverymuchlikeyou!Ofcourse,sinceweknowyou,wetoldhimthathehadmadea__lL.""Well,it'sreally___l2___thatIcametoarestaurantwhereI'mknown,"Isaid."_l!L_,Imighthavebeenintrouble."(2005年全固卷I、II)I.A.knewB.understoodC.noticedD.recognized2.A.sinceB.evenifC.thoughD.asif3.A.flatB.openC.cutD.fixed4.A.hopingB.thinkingC.pretendingD.continuing5.A.seeB.findC.guessD.leam6.A.menuB.billC.paperD.food7.A.directB.familiarC.strangeD.funny8.A.chattedwithB.lookedatC.laughedatD.talkedabout9.A.thewaiterB.timeC.ID.thedinner10.A.trueB.hopefulC.clearD.possible11.A.restaurantB.washroomC.officeD令kitchen12.A.leftB.actedC.satdownD.calmeddown13.A.wantedB.triedC.orderedD.wished14.A.metB.caughtC.followedD.discovered15.A.wastobeatB.wasdealingwithC.wastomeetD.waslookingfor16.A.careB.surpriseC.worryD.regret17.A.mustB.canC.needD.may18.A.discoveryB.mistakeC.decisionD.fortune19.A.apityB.naturalC.achanceD.lucky20.A.ThusB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Therefore24

32AsIdrovemyblueBuickintothegarage,IsawthatayellowOldsmobilewas____l_tooclosetomyspace.Ihadtodrivebackandforthtogetmycarintothe___l_space.Thatleft___J__enoughroomtoopenthedoor.ThenonedayIarrivedhome__±_,and」ustasIturnedofftheengine,theyellowOldsmobileentereditsspace—tooclosetomycar,__2_.AtlastIhadachancetomeetthedriver.Mypatiencehad___L_andIshoutedather,"Can'tyouseeyou'renot____l__meenoughspace?Parkfartherover."Bang（猛推）openherdoorinto____JL_,thedrivershoutedback:"Makeme!"___.2.._thisshesteppedoutofthegarage.Still,eachtimeshegothomefirst,sheparkedtoclosetomy___lQ__.Thenoneday,Ithought,"WhatcanIdo?"Isoonfound___ll_.Thenextdaythewoman____.lLanoteonherwindshield（擋風(fēng)玻璃）：DearYellowOldsmobile,I'msorrymymistress（女主人）shoutedatyourstheotherday.Shesbeensor,yaboutit.Iknowitbecauseshedoesn'tsinganymorewhile___J}__.Itwasn'rlikehertoscream___lL.Factis,she'djustgotbadnewsandwastakingitoutonyoutoo.1--1.2..._youandyourmistresswill_l§__her.Yoursneighbo,;BlueBuickWhenIwenttothe___lL_thenextmorning,theOldsmobilewasgone,buttherewasanoteonmywindshield:DearBlueBuick,Mymistressissony,too.Sheparkedso__..lLbecauseshejustlearnedtodrive.Wewillparkmuchfartheroverafterthis.I'mgladwecanbe_lLnow.Yourneighbo,;YellowOldsmobileAfterthat,wheneverBlueBuick____1__Q__YellowOldsmobileontheroad,theirdriverswavedcheerfullyandsmiled.(2005年全國卷III)I.A.drivenB.parkedC.stoppedD.stayed2.A.completeB.choseC.narrowD.fixed3.A.quiteB.nearlyC.seldomD.hardly4.A.hurriedlyB.firstC.finallyD.timely5.A.asusualB.asplannedC.aswellD.asyet6.A.runintoB.runaboutC.runoutD.runoff7.A.keepingB.savingC.offeringD.leaving8.A.mineB.hersC.itselfD.ours9.A.ForB.WithC.FromD.Upon10.A.roomB.areaC.frontD.side11.A.aninstructionB.aresultC.ananswerD.achance12.A.putB.wroteC.sentD.discovered13.A.workingB.drivingC.returningD.cooking14.A.onendB.solongC.likethatD.anymore15.A.hopeB.knowC.supposeD.suggestI6.A.comfortB.helpC.forgiveD.please17.A.officeB.flatC.placeD.garage18.A.crazilyB.eagerlyC.noisilyD.early19.A.neighborsB.friendsC.driversD.writers20.A.followedB.passedC.foundD.greeted25Areyourtablemannersmuchbetterwhenyouareeatingatafriend'shomeorinarestaurantthantheyareatyourownhome?Perhapsso,_!_youareawarethatpeoplejudgeyoubyyourtablemanners.Youtakespecialpainswhenyouareeating_l_.Haveyoueverstoppedtorealizehowmuchlessself-consciousyouwouldbeonsuchoccasionsif_立＿tablemannershadbecomeahabitforyou?Youcanmakethemahabitby_i._goodtablema1U1ersathome.Goodmannersatmealtim?helpyouandthosearoundyoutofeel-.Thisistrueathomeasmuchasitistrueinsomeoneelse'shomeorinarestaurant.Good__Q__makemealsmoreenjoyableforeveryoneatthetable.Bythistimeyouprobablyknowquitewellwhatgoodtablemannersare.You_l_thatkeepingyourarmsonthetable,talkingwithyour__.8._full,andwolfingdownyourfoodarenotconsideredgoodmanners.Youknowalsothatifyouaremannerly,yousay"Please"and"Thankyou"andaskforthingstobepassedtoyou.Haveyoueverthoughtofapleasantattitudeasbeing___.2__togoodtablemanners?Notonlyarepleasant

33mealtimesenjoyable,buttheyaiddigestion.Thedinnertableisa_l_Q__forenjoyableconversation.Itshouldneverbecomeabattleground.Youaredefinitelygrowinginsocialmaturity（成熟）whenyoutrytobeanagreeabletablecompanion.(2005年上泡卷）I.A.becauseB.butC.unlessD.though2.A.inpublicB.athomeC.ateaseD.inahurry3.A.suchB.noC.someD.good4.A.actingB.enjoyingC.practicingD.watching5.A.comfortableB.stressedC.depressedD.outstanding6.A.dishesB.mannersC.attnospheresD.friends.A.mentionB.preferC.doubtD.realize8.A.stomachB.handsC.mouthD.bowl9.A.essentialB.considerateC.obviousD.unusualIO.A.timeB.placeC.chanceD.way26OnahotsummerdayinlateAugust,lsoughtshadeandacooldrinkatwaterfrontcafeonaGreekisland.Overahundreddegreesin__l__air.Crowded,tempers（脾氣）ofboththetouristsandwaitershad____L_tomeetthesituation,makingitaratherquarrelsomeenvironment.Atthetablenexttominesatanattractive,__Lcouple,waitingfor_±._.Theyheldhands,whispered,kissed,andlaughed.Suddenlytheystood,pickedupthe訂Landsteppedtogether____Q__theedgeofwheretheyweresittingtoplacethetableintheseawater.Themanstepped_J_forthetwochairs.Hepolitely_Lhisladyintheknee-deepwaterandthensatdownhimself.Allpeoplearoundlaughedandcheered.二appeared.Hepausedforjustasecond,walkedintothewatertoo,__lQ__thetableandtaketheir_L!_,andthenwalkedbacktothe____ll__cheersoftherestofhis--1.1_.Minuteslaterhereh1medcarryingabottleofwineandtwoglasses.Withoutpausing,hewent___.lLintothewaterto___.lLthewine.Thecoupletoasted（祝語）eachother,thewaiterandthecrowd.Andthecrowd____lLbycheeringandthrowingflowerstothem.Threeothertables~tohavelunchinthewater.Theplacewasnowfilledwithlaughter.Onedoesn'tstepintowaterinone'sbestsummerclothes.Whynot?Customersarenotserved___.lL.Whynot?Sometimesoneconsider__l2.__thelineofconvention（含擾）andenjoys--1Q__tothefullest.(2006年令＠息．I)l.A令freshB.coolC.stillD.thin2.A.managedB.expectedC.attemptedD.risen3.A.lonelyB.curiousC.well-dressedD.bad-tempered4.A.cheersB.serviceC.attentionD.flowers5.A.metaltableB.emptybottlesC.chairsD.bags6.A.onB.offC.aro山1dD.along7.A.outsideB.forwardC.downD.back8.ledB.seatedC.watchedD.received9.A.ThemanagerB.AfriendC.AwaiterD.Theservant10.A.setB.washC.removeD.checkII.A.menuB.billC.foodD.order12.A.loudB.anxiousC.familiarD.final13.A.touristsB.customersC.fellowsD.assistants14.A.atlastB.intimeC.oncemoreD.aswell15.A.changeB.drinkC.sellD.serve16.A.repliedB.insistedC.agreedD.understood17.A.preparedB.joinedinC.settledupD.continued18.A.withpleasureB.inthecafeC.intheseaD.withwine19.A.followingB.keepingC.limitingD.crossing20.A.lifeB.wineC.lunchD.time27TheyearIwentawaytocollegewasaverydifficulttransition（過汰蟻）forme.__l_isprobablytruewithmanypeople,Igotveryhomesickand_Lthoughtaboutgoinghome.Althoughthe___J__timeformanystudentsisgetting___±_fromhome,mymailboxwasfrequently__2__.

34OnedaywhenIwenttothemailbox,therewasapostcard__Q_OUtatme.Isatdowntoreadit,_]__anotefromsomeonebackhome.~Ibecameincreasinglypuzzledas___..2_postcardswerelikethis:ItwasafullnewsreportaboutawomannamedMabelandhernewbornbaby.Itookthecardbacktomyroomand__lQ_aboutit.Severaldayslater1-1.L.anotherpostcard,thisone___ll__newsaboutMaybelline,Mabel'scousin.Soonafter,anothercardarrivedandthenanother,~fullofnewsofdifferentpeople.Ibeganto_lLlookforwardtothenextone,__!_Ltoseewhatthisauthorwouldcomeupwith----1§_.Iwasnever_!_l__.Finally,thecards___lLcoming,rightaboutthetimeIhadbegantofeel___l2__aboutcollegelife.Theyhadbeensuchahappydistraction（調(diào)剞）thatIhave____lL_allthepostcardsandstillbringthemouttoreadwheneverIneedalift.(2006斗令＠息們I.A.IfB.SoC.AsD.What2.A.oftenB.carefullyC.seldomD.merely3.A.hardB.lastC.busiestD.happiest4.A.visitorsB.lettersC.callsD.directions5.A.emptyB.fullC.closedD.open6.A.A.pourmgB.reachingC.staringD.rolling7.A.describingB.consideringC.enjoyingD.expecting8.A.ButB.ThusC.AlsoD.Even9.A.anyB.noC.someD.such10.A.jokedB.talkedC.forgotD.cared11.A.mailedB.acceptedC.wroteD.received12.A.deliveringB.demandingC.discoveringD.developing13.A.oneB.eachC.eitherD.both14.A.nearlyB.possiblyC.usuallyD.really15.A.pro血singB.surprisedC.interestedD.pretending16.A.belowB.latelyC.nextD.behind17.A.frightenedB.disappointedC.excitedD.pleased18.A.continuedB.stoppedC.startedD.avoided19.A.easyB.safeC.tiredD.anxious20.A.lostB.collectedC.tornD.saved28Eleven-year-oldAngelahadsomethingwrongwithhernervoussystem（種徑東統(tǒng)）Shewasunableto_J[nfact,shecouldhardlymakeany_1_.Althoughshebelievedthatshehada_]_chanceofrecovering,thedoctorssaidthat___i_,ifany,couldcomebacktonormalaftergettingthisdisease.Havingheardthis,thelittlegirlwasnot---2_.There,lyinginherhospitalbed,she~thatnomatterwhatthedoctorssaid,hergoingbacktoschoolwas7Shewasmovedtoaspecializedhealthcenter,andwhatevermethodcouldbetriedwasused.Stillshewouldnot__L_.Itseemedthatshewas二．Thedoctorswereallfondofherandtaughtherabout__lQ_thatshecouldmakeit.EverydayAngelawouldliethere,_ll__doinghermentalexercise.Oneday,__ll_shewasimaginingherlegsmovingagain,itseemedasthoughamiracle（奇跡）happenedThebedbeganto--1,;L_!"LookwhatI'mdoing!Icandoit!Imoved!Imoved!"she___l±_.Ofcourse,atthisverymomenteveryoneelseinthehospitalwas__lL_.Moreimportantlytheywererunmng16safety.Peoplewerecrying,andequipmentwas_J]__.Yousee,itwasanearthquake.Butdon't_JJL_thattoAngela.Shehas___l.2__thatshedid止justasshehadneverdoubtedthatshewouldrecover.Andnowonlyafewyearslater,she'sbackinschool.Yousee,tosuchapersonwhocan___lQ__theearth,suchadiseaseisasmallproblem,isn'tit?(2006斗重疾息）I.A.seeB.hearC.talkD.walk2.A.progressB.differenceC.movementD.achievement3.A.poorB.goodC.littleD.special4.A.fewB.allC.someD.most5.A.satisfiedB.delightedC.surprisedD.discouraged6.A.insistedB.sighedC.fearedD.promised7.A.trueB.doubtfulC.certainD.impossible8.A.getupB.giveupC.turnupD.standup9.A.disappointedB.proudC.troubledD.undefeatable

3510.A.thinkingB.expectiI1gC.pretendingD.iinaging11.A.sadlyB.madlyC.care伈llyD.faithfully12.A.asB.sinceC.afterD.before13.A.flyB.moveC.rollD.speak14.A.jumpedB.wonderedC.screamedD.recovered15.A.frightened8.pleasedC.touchedD.encouraged16.A.inB.byC.forD.with17.A.risingB.fallingC.missingD.gathering18.A.tellB.doC.giveD.show19.A.noticedB.supposedC.believedD.discovered20.A.pushB.shockC.shakeD.save29IntheUnitedStatestherewasanunusualtaletellingthedaughterofamechanic（技工）．Onedaywhilewal燦ngalongthebankofalake,thegirl_l_tosee20eggslaidbyawildgoose.Aftersometimethegirl-2themotherwouldnotreturntohereggsandshe_J__totakethemhome.Thereshecarefully___±_theeggsintheheatofalamp.Severaldays_Ltbeeggsbrokeandthebabygeesecameintothe_LGeeseareknowntotakethefirstlivingthingtheyseeastheirmother._＿乙＿，totheseyounggeese,thegirlwastheirmother.Asthey_L,thegirlwasableto__2_herbirdstorunacrossthegrass,butshecouldnotteachthemto旱.Thegirlbecameincreasinglyworriedaboutthis,bothwhen__ll_andinherdreams.Later,shehadan___lL:Shewouldpilotaplanetoguidethemin_lL.Sheaskedherfatherforaplaneandheassembled（租禁）asmallaircraftforher.Garingabout--1.L_safety,thefatherdecidedtopilottheplanehimself.However,thebirdsdidnot__lLorfollowhim,and___l§__sleptinthegrassOneday,thegirl__.lL_intotheplane,starteditandsoonleftthe__lL.Seeingthe江mothertaketotheair,thebirds---12..__flapped（摶打）theirwingsand___lQ_.Sheflewtheplanefreelyinthesky,heryoungbirdsfollowing.(2007年尤考息I)I.A.managedB.attemptedC.happenedD.supposed2.A.realizedB.expectedC.imaginedD.admitted3.A.helpedB.decidedC.affordedD.meant4.A.placedB.protectedC.treatedD.examined5.A.agoB.outC.laterD.long6.A.fa血lyB.lakeC.homeD.world7.A.ButB.AlsoC.ThusD.Still8.A.increasedB.improvedC.roseD.grew9.A.askB.leadC.wantD.allowIO.A.flyB.raceC.swimD.sing11.A.asleepB.awayC.aroundD.awake12.A.ideaB.opinionC.explanationD.excuse13.A.skyB.heavenC.flightD.plane14.A.hisB.herC.theirD.its15.A.respectB.rememberC.recognizeD.receive16.A.soB.insteadC.hardlyD.too17.A.climbedB.lookedC.reachedD.fell18.A.houseB.floorC.waterD.groundI9.A.secretlyB.disappointedlyC.patientlyD.eagerly20A.lookedawayB.setoutC.wentbyD.turnedback30WearrivedinSpainforthefrrsttimeafewweeksago.Idecidedto_l__acarbecausewehadsoldtheonewebadinEnglandbefore___l__home.Yesterdaythesalesofficerangustosaythecarwas___l_.Ihadtriedoutamodellikeitbefore,butasIwasnotyet___±_drivinginthiscity,mywifedidnotwantmetocollectit___2_sowewenttogetherto_Lit.Wepaidforthecarand_L_thepapers.Theytoldusthattherewas_Lpetrol（汽油）totakeustothegarage,wherewecouldfillitup.The___..2.._garagetotheofficewasabout100yardsawayandwegotthere_lQ__.ButwhenIturnedintothemainroadIsuddenlysawalotofcarsracing___ll_me.Igotoutof

36ll_asfastasIcouldbybackingintothegarage___lLandthemanbehind____H_me."It'ssuchaproblemto___.1Ltodriveontherightside,isn'tit?"mywifesaid."Yes,ifonlyIhadafewlessonsfor___.1§_,"Ireplied."Youhadbettergo__ll_onthewayhome,"mywifesaid."You'dbesorryifyouhad拉onthefirstday,wouldn'tyou?"Whileweweretalking,themanbehindgotoutofhiscarandsaidingoodEnglish,"Wouldyoumindtellingme—l9—youarethinkingofleaving?＿皿areyougoingtositinyourcarallday?"C2007年全國卷II)I.A.borrowB.driveC.buyD.choose2.A.leavingB.makingC.returningD.getting3.A.rightB.readyC.fixedD.sold4.A.sureofB.satisfiedwithC.interestedinD.usedto5.A.onmyownB.rightawayC.inahurryD.ontheway6.A.receiveB.bringC.orderD.fetch7.A.acceptedB.wroteC.signedD.copied8.A.littleB.enoughC.muchD.no9.A.bestB.nearestC.quickestD.cleanestIO.A.latelyB.directlyC.safelyD.slowly11.A.afterB.withC.aroundD.toward12.A.theirwayB.thegarageC.theirsightD.thecar13.A.atlastB.oncemoreC.asusualD.aswell14.A.caughtB.cheeredC.shoutedatD.chattedwith15.A.prepareB.continueC.chooseD.remember16.A.discussionB.adventureC.experimentD.practice17.A.carefullyB.smoothlyC.quicklyD.differently18.A.anerrorB.aproblemC.anaccidentD.aheadache19.A.whenB.whyC.howD.what20.A.ForB.OrC.ButD.So二、閱讀理解題解題策略與技巧閱讀理解題是高考英語試卷中權(quán)重和題量最大，賦分最多的一道大題。《2007年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語考試說明（課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)版）》中有這樣的要求·1閱讀文章是我國考生接觸外語的最主要途徑，因此，閱讀理解在試卷中占權(quán)重較大。該部分要求考生讀懂熟悉的有關(guān)日常生活話題的簡短文字材料，例如公告、說明、廣告、以及書刊雜志中關(guān)千一般性話題的簡短文章。考生應(yīng)能：(1)理解主旨和要義；任何一篇文章都會有一個(gè)主旨要義。有時(shí)從文章的第一個(gè)段落，甚至第一個(gè)句子即可得出文章的主旨要義，從這一段或這個(gè)句子讀者會知道文章描述的是誰或什么（即文章的主題），亦會了解作者希望讀者了解主題方面的哪些內(nèi)容。有時(shí)，文章的主旨要義則需從文章的字里行間進(jìn)行推斷。這類試題主要考查考生略讀文章、領(lǐng)會大意的能力，它對考生的歸納、概括能力有一定的要求。(2)理解文中具體信息；文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細(xì)節(jié)信息的支持，這些細(xì)節(jié)對千理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人員往往會要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求，閱讀文章以獲得某些特定的信息或準(zhǔn)確地尋求所需的細(xì)節(jié)。這類試題有時(shí)比較直接，理解字面意思即可答題；有時(shí)則較為間接，需要?dú)w納、概括和推理才能答題。(3)根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義；

37正確理解文章中單詞或短語的含義是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基礎(chǔ)，不懂單詞含義根本就談不上理解文章。但英語單詞的含義并非完全等同于詞典中所標(biāo)注的漢語意思，其含義隨不同的語境會有所不同。能根據(jù)上下文正確理解靈活變化的詞義，才算是真正初步具備了一定的閱讀理解能力。此外，閱讀文章時(shí)，常常會遇到一些過去未見過的詞，但許多這類生詞的詞義可以通過上下文推斷出來。這種不使用詞典而通過閱讀上下文來推斷生詞含義的能力，是一個(gè)合格的讀者所必須具備的能力，因此也是閱讀測試中經(jīng)常檢測的一種能力。(4)作出簡單判斷和推理；1閱讀文章的主要目的是獲取信息，即作者所要傳達(dá)的信息。在實(shí)際的閱讀活動中，有時(shí)需要根據(jù)文章提供的事實(shí)和線索，進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推測作者未提到的事實(shí)或某事發(fā)生的可能性等。(5)理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)；英語文章講究使用主題段和主題句。主題段通常在文章開頭，簡要概括文章的中心思想，主題句可能在一段的開頭，也可能在中間或末尾，作用是交代該段的中心思想，再由全段展開或討論這個(gè)意思。各個(gè)段落通常由某些起連接作用的詞語連接，以使文章行文連貫。如果希望準(zhǔn)確、深刻地理解一篇文章，必須對文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有所了解，把握住全篇的文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系。(6)理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。每篇文章都有一個(gè)特定的寫作目的，或是向讀者傳遞某個(gè)信息，或是愉悅讀者，或是講授某個(gè)道理。而這些信息通常井不是明確表達(dá)出來，而是隱含在文章之中。因此，這類問題要求考生在理解文章總體內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上，去領(lǐng)會作者的言外之意?！睂τ⒄Z閱讀能力的考查是英語高考的重中之重，除閱讀理解題外，其他各種題型從單項(xiàng)填空到書面表達(dá)尤其是完形填空和短文該錯都與我們的英語閱讀能力有密切的關(guān)系。難怪有的教師在分析高考英語試卷時(shí)得出這樣的結(jié)論”得閱讀者得天下”。我們幾乎每天都在做英語閱讀理解題，但有些同學(xué)因?yàn)闆]有掌握正確的閱讀策略，所以盡管是天天讀，天天練，但閱讀能力卻難以提高。有些同學(xué)在英語閱讀中存在的問題主要有：1.讀完文章后缺乏對文章的整體把握，頭腦中只有零散的信息或模糊的概念。2.信息捕捉不準(zhǔn)，做題憑感覺，缺乏依據(jù)。3.對于能捕捉到的信息，缺乏必要的處理能力，經(jīng)常斷意取義。4.遇到難題心理緊張，思維混亂；遇到容易題時(shí)，又往往掉以輕心，跌入命題者設(shè)下的陷阱．下面我們選用一些高考閱讀理解題作為例題，針對同學(xué)們在做英語閱讀理解題中存在的一些誤區(qū)，具體談一談如何掌握正確的閱讀策略和技巧，從而有效避免做閱讀理解題時(shí)容易出現(xiàn)的失誤，提高我們的做題成功率。一、概況主旨、理清脈絡(luò)、體會段落之間內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，做好主旨?xì)w納題和主題判定題主旨?xì)w納題和主題判定題是高考閱讀理解的必考題型，具有較高的難度和區(qū)分度，一般占閱讀理解總題量的10％左右我們在做主旨?xì)w納題和主題判定題時(shí)常犯的錯誤有：1.做題時(shí)全憑自我感覺先入為主、主觀武斷自以為是、所選的答案往往超出文章的內(nèi)容或背離作者的意圖或觀點(diǎn)。2.做題時(shí)要么抓不住文章的主題、脈絡(luò)、理解偏離中心，或信息紊亂，不知所云，要么就是以偏概全，誤把細(xì)節(jié)或具體事實(shí)當(dāng)作文章的主題。3.不注意文章標(biāo)題的特點(diǎn)，所選答案語言不夠疑練，精彩。那末，怎樣才能抓住文章的中心和主線，做好主旨?xì)w納和主題撲定題呢？【策略指導(dǎo)】I.理清文章的邏輯和脈絡(luò)讀完一篇短文后應(yīng)該有意識地回顧一下文章的大致內(nèi)容，理一理文章的脈絡(luò)，體會一下文章中段與段之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，這樣一來，就能概況出文章的中心意思，涉及文章主旨大意方面的題目自然會在頭腦中由模糊變成清晰。

382.找出全文或段落的主題句(topicsentence)新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)往往用文首笫一句話來概括該篇新聞的內(nèi)容，然后再詳細(xì)敘述。說明文或議論文往往用主題句來體現(xiàn)文章或段落的中心，它有時(shí)出現(xiàn)在篇（段）首，有時(shí)隱含于整個(gè)文章（段落）中間，當(dāng)然有時(shí)也可能沒有主題句，需要結(jié)合上下文的推理歸納，細(xì)心體會．3.抓中心詞匯有些文章圍繞著某一個(gè)中心寫時(shí)，這個(gè)中心詞往往多次出現(xiàn)。例題］（2005年全國高考卷I笫62題）MONTREAL(Ruters)-CrossingtheUS-Canadaborder（邊界）togotochurch(與62題有關(guān)）onaSundaycostaUScitizen$10,000forbreakingWashington'sstrictnewsecurity（安全）rulesTheexpensivetriptochurch(與62題有關(guān)）wasasurpriseforRichardAlbert,wholivesrightontheCanadianborder.LiketheotherdozenpeopleofTownship15,crossingtheborderisadailyoccurrenceforAlbert.ThenearbyQuebecvillageofSt.Pamphileiswheretheyshop,eatandgotochurch.Therearemanysuchsiruationsintheseareasalongthelargelyunguarded5,530-mileborderbetweenCanadaandtheUS—whichinsomecasesacttiallyrunsdownthemiddleofstreetsorthroughbuildings.Asaresult,Albertsayshedidnotexpectanyproblemsthreeweeksago,whenhereturnedhometotheUSafterattendingchurchinCanada,asusual.TheUScustoms（海關(guān)）stationinthisareaisclosedonSundays,sohejustdrovearoundthelockedgate,ashehaddoneeveryweekendsincethegateappearedlastMay,followingatighteningofbordersecurity.Twodayslater,Albertwastoldtogotothecustomsoffice,whereanoffi比ertoldhimhehadbeencaughtoncameracrossingtheborderillegally（非法地）（與60題有關(guān)）Ottawahasgivenoutspecialpassestosome300UScitizensinthatareasotheycanenterthecountrywhenCanadiancustomsstationsareclosed,buttheUSstoppedasimilarprogramlastMay.Thatforcesthepeopletoa200-mile~罕alonghillyroadstogethomethroughanotherbordercheckpoint.Alberthasrequestedthatthecustomsoffi兀echangetheirdecisionsonthefine(與60題有關(guān)），buthehasnotattendedaSundaychurchsii1ce."IfeellikeI'mlivingii1aprison,"hesaid.62.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ACrossCountryTripB.ASpecialBorderPassC.AnUnguardedBorderD.AnExpensiveChurchVisit【思路點(diǎn)撥）本題考查主旨大意。文章報(bào)道了以Albert為代表的住在美加邊界的一些美國人為了到加拿大去做禮拜而穿越邊境，從而違反了美國安全法令被罰以重全。正確答案為D,即“代價(jià)昂貴的禮拜"。A選項(xiàng)“跨國之旅“偏離了文章主要敘述Albert違法越界遭到重罰的主題，B項(xiàng)力”特殊的邊境護(hù)照“涉及的是文章的細(xì)節(jié)，并非主旨，C項(xiàng)“不設(shè)防的邊界”與原文所述事實(shí)又不不符?！炯记煽偨Y(jié)）我們在歸納文章主題時(shí)，一定要注意答案選項(xiàng)所涉及的概念的外延和內(nèi)涵必須能恰如其分地概況文章的主題，既不能范圍過大，也不能把某一細(xì)節(jié)或側(cè)面誤當(dāng)作主題。閱讀時(shí)我們還應(yīng)注意捕捉文章中出現(xiàn)頻率較高的中心詞匯和全文和段落的主題句。在選擇文章題目時(shí)，還應(yīng)注意英語文章標(biāo)題在措詞上的特點(diǎn)—凝練和醒目。二、快速準(zhǔn)確捕捉信息詞句，做好細(xì)節(jié)理解題細(xì)節(jié)理解題是高考英語閱讀中所占比例較大（往往在40％以上）的一個(gè)基礎(chǔ)題型。我們要想在高考中取得理想的成績，首先應(yīng)該保證基礎(chǔ)題型的準(zhǔn)確率。有時(shí)文章讀懂了，但做題時(shí)不知從何入手去荻得必要的信息支持。怎樣才能做好細(xì)節(jié)理解題呢？【策略指導(dǎo)】I.先瀏覽題目，把題目的要求儲存在大腦中，帶著疑問快速閱讀，然后找出與題目相關(guān)的信息詞句加以理解和分析，去蕪存菁、去偽存真。此種辦法能有效避免細(xì)節(jié)理解題的失誤。2.準(zhǔn)礫完整地捕捉信息。你所捕捉的信息必須是做題所需要的，必要時(shí)用筆把文中的所需信息劃出來，做到文題對應(yīng)。3.對信息進(jìn)行合理的分析，切忌機(jī)械照搬。有些高考細(xì)節(jié)理解題不是文幸信息的直接體現(xiàn)，而是在題目中做了一些變化，這些變化往往表現(xiàn)為．所設(shè)答案與原文信息只是意義內(nèi)涵的統(tǒng)一，而不是語言形式的完全一致，所設(shè)答案是對文章信息的綜合與概括，而不是簡單的信息組合。例題2(2005年全國高考卷1笫60題，原文見例題I)60.AlbertwasfinedbecauseheA.failedtoobey廿afficrulesB.broketheAmericansecurityrulesC.workedinSt.Pamp血ewithoutapassD.damagedthegateofthecustomsoffice【思路點(diǎn)撥】本題考查細(xì)節(jié)推斷。從原文倒數(shù)笫二段最后一句可以看出，Albert違法穿越邊界違反了安全法令，此事有錄像為證，所以選B。

39【技巧總結(jié)】準(zhǔn)確捕捉信息，并對其進(jìn)行綜合分析，分清主次真?zhèn)?，避免受選項(xiàng)中虛假信息的干擾，陷入命題者所設(shè)下的“陷阱“，因?yàn)槟承└蓴_項(xiàng)在文幸中也能或多或少找到一點(diǎn)“依據(jù)“，具有很強(qiáng)的干擾性。三、嚴(yán)密推理、合理想象，做好推理判斷題做閱讀理解題時(shí)文章的宇面意思往往容易理解，但怎樣才能理解文章的深層含義做好推理判斷題呢？推理判斷題是高考閱讀理解中比較有難度的題目，近年來閱讀理解題中推理判斷題所占比重已經(jīng)增加到40％左右。我們做推理判斷時(shí)失誤的原因主要有：l.把文章中已經(jīng)明確介紹或說明的內(nèi)容誤以為成推理判斷的結(jié)論．2憑主觀想象或自己的常識理解文章中的細(xì)節(jié)，而不是憑借文章信息進(jìn)行推理，缺乏文章信息的支持。3.能夠找到文章的信息依據(jù)，但斷章取義或片面理解，缺乏思維的嚴(yán)密性?！静呗灾笇?dǎo)】做推理判斷題時(shí)要時(shí)時(shí)注意深層含義通常是隱藏在文字后面的延伸之意，弦外之音，如作者的意圖、傾向、語氣、人物的性格、心理、情感、故事的結(jié)局、事情的因果關(guān)系等。因此我們要調(diào)動邏輯思維能力，透過字里行間，去嚴(yán)密推理，合理想象。要做到以下兩點(diǎn)：I.正確處理已有信息和隱含信息的關(guān)系。首先找到文幸的已有信息，再去推斷隱含信息。隱含信息并非“無稽之談＂，而是“有源之水”，即隱含信息是以文章語言為載體的。2.調(diào)動自己的各種智力因素，嚴(yán)密推理，合理想象。3在閱讀理解時(shí)結(jié)合自己的常識去判斷是必要的，但決不能以常識取代依據(jù)文本的信息分析。推理判斷既要嚴(yán)密，又要靈活。時(shí)時(shí)注意文章的內(nèi)涵和外延，有些推理結(jié)論隱含在文章的字里行間，有些推理結(jié)論外延于文章之外．例題3(2005年北京卷笫68題）Furthermore,mostanimalsinzoosarenotendangered.Captivebreeding（囡養(yǎng)繁殖）ofendangeredbigcats,Asianelephants,andotherspecieshasnotresultedintheirbeingsentbacktothewild.Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspeciesdyingout.Infact,babyanimalsalsoattractalotofpayingcustomers.Haven'tweseenenoughcompetitionstonamebabyanimals?(Paragraph5)Actually,wewillsaveendangeredspeciesonlyifwesavetheirhabitsandputanendtothereasonspeople回Ithem.fnsteadofsupportingzoos,weshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimal'snaturehabitats（棲息地）(Paragraph6)68.Althoughhearguesagainstzoos,theauthorwouldstillagreethat_.A.zooshavetokeepanimalsinsmallcagesB.mostanimalsinzoosareendangeredspeciesC.someendangeredanimalsarereproducedinzoosD.it'sacceptabletokeepanimalsawayfromtheirhabitats【思路點(diǎn)撥】本題為拌理判斷題，答案在原文中沒有直接的根據(jù)，但由原文笫五段可知，雖然作者對動物園持反對態(tài)度，他還是承認(rèn)許多瀕危動物在動物園里得到了繁殖，即，mostanimalsinzoosarenotendangered....Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspeciesdyingout.。這個(gè)判斷必須在讀懂笫五段后從字里行間中比較和探詢出來。這道題的難度在于這篇議論文在表述上比較晦澀難懂?！炯记煽偨Y(jié)】隱含信息并非“空穴未鳳“而是“有源之水”，即隱含信息也是以文章的語言為載體的。我們要調(diào)動自己的各種智力因素，準(zhǔn)確捕捉信息進(jìn)行嚴(yán)密推理，合理想象，切勿＂憑空想象”或“斷章取義”。在閱讀理解中結(jié)合自己的常識判斷是必要的，但決不能以常識判斷取代信息分析。推理判斷既要嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，又要靈活。四、結(jié)合語境分析和上下文的聯(lián)系做好語義／詞義理解題語義／詞義理解題是高考閱讀理解中的必有題型，一般占10％左右。語義／詞義理解題也具有一定的區(qū)分度。語義／詞義理解題可以是對一個(gè)單詞的意義推斷，也可以是一個(gè)短語的意義推斷；眈可以是生詞意義，也可以是熟詞新意，還可以是對替代詞所替代內(nèi)容的判斷和理解。我們在做語義／詞義理解題時(shí)常犯的錯誤有：l.望文生義，僅僅理解了單詞或短語的字面意義，而忽略了其真實(shí)的內(nèi)在意義．2.推斷缺乏依據(jù)，忽視劃線詞語所處的特定語境和上下文的信息提示。

40【策略指導(dǎo)）做詞義判斷題要從被考查詞匯所處的語境和上下文的聯(lián)系進(jìn)行分析。如果出現(xiàn)thisis,thatistosay或破折號等，我們可以斷定，后面的內(nèi)容是對前面內(nèi)容的解釋，如果出現(xiàn)but,however,yet以及表示相反結(jié)果的onthecontrary,ontheotherhand等，我們可以從劃線詞語的相反意義去考慮。例題4(2005年廣東卷笫56題）Wehavet.vodaughters:KristenissevenyearsoldandKellyisfour.LastSundayevening,weinvitedsomepeoplehomefordmnerIdressedthemmcelyfortheparty,andtoldthemthattheIrJobwastoJomMommymansweringthedoorwhenthebellrang.Mommywouldintroducethemtotheguests,andthentheywouldtaketheguests'coatsupstairsandputthemonthebedinthesecondbedroom.Theguestsarrived.Iintroducedmytwodaughterstoeachofthem.Theadultswereniceand灼ndandsaidhowluckyweweretohavesuchgoodkids.EachoftheguestsmadeaparticularfussoverKelly,theyoungerone,admiringherdress,herhairandhersmile.TheysaidshewasaremarkablegirltobecanyingcoatsupstairsatherageIthoughttomyselfthatweadultsusually~theyoungeronebecauseshe'stheonewhoseemsmoreeasilyhurt.Wedoitwiththebestofintentions.Butweseldomthinkofhowitmightaffecttheotherchild.IwasalittleworriedthatKristenwouldfeelshewasbeingoutshined.IwasabouttoservedinnerwhenIrealizedthatshehadbeenmissingfortwentyminutes.Iranupstairsandfoundherinthebedroom,crying.Isaid,"Whatareyoudoing,mydear?"Sheturnedtomewithasadexpressionandsaid,"Mommy,whydon'tpeoplelikemethewaytheylikemysister?Isitbecausel'mnotpretty?rsthatwhytheydon'tsaynicethingsaboutmeasmuch.?"Itriedtoexplaintoher，灼ssingandhugginghertomakeherfeelbetter.Now,wheneverIvisitafriends'home,Imakeitapointtospeaktotheeldestchildfast.56.Theunderlinedexpression"makeabig'todo'over"(Paragraph4)means_.A.showmuchconcernaboutB.listjobstobedoneforC.leaveaspecialeffectonD.dogoodthingsfor【思路點(diǎn)撥）本題為語義理解題。根據(jù)語境判斷，短語的意思是對年幼的孩子往往會有偏愛，也就是答案A“關(guān)心太多＂。劃線短語后面”theyoungeronebecauseshe'stheonewhoseemsmoreeasilyhurt.Wedoitwiththebestofintentions.“以及原文所講的整個(gè)故事是是判斷這個(gè)短語意義的語境?！炯记煽偨Y(jié)】意思生僻，難以猜測的單詞、短語往往出現(xiàn)在結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子中，這正是議論文和說明文的文體特征之一，也是造成我們在做題時(shí)出現(xiàn)心理緊張的原因。遇到這種問題時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該冷靜下來，結(jié)合文章所說明或議論的中心話題，抓住主干，層層理解。五、做閱讀填空題的關(guān)鍵是抓住語篇的內(nèi)在邏輯聯(lián)系和上下文之間的文義通順過渡閱讀填空作為今年剛剛出現(xiàn)的高考新題型，選用的文章多為邏輯性很強(qiáng)的議論文和說明文，重點(diǎn)考查在上下文中運(yùn)用預(yù)測、判斷、聯(lián)系和歸納這樣一些邏輯思維能力。我們在做閱讀填空題是要莊意做到：1.掌握文章的主旨大意，2.既理解字面意思，也理解深層含義；3.理解上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系；4.根據(jù)材料所提供的信息，結(jié)合常識和邏輯規(guī)律進(jìn)行推理和判斷。5.閱讀填空題的笫一個(gè)空往往設(shè)在篇首的笫一句話上，而文章的首句往往是主題句或引起話題的話語，這樣的句子在選項(xiàng)中是比較容易選出來的6.做題時(shí)要經(jīng)常反復(fù)比較。量體裁衣，把合適的句子放在合適的位置上。要記住錯選一個(gè)就會引起連鎖反應(yīng)，造成至少兩個(gè)錯誤，而只要把開始的兩三個(gè)選好了，其余的也就迎刃而解了．下面我們從2000年以未的高考英語試卷中選出一些涵蓋各種題材和體栽的閱讀理解題進(jìn)行練習(xí)。（一）記敘文JamesClevelandOwenswasthesonofafarmerandthegrandsonofblackslaves.HisfamilymovedtoClevelandwhenhewas9.There,aschoolteacheraskedtheyouthhisname."J.C.,"hereplied.Shethoughthehadsaid"Jesse",andhehadanewname.Owensranhisfirstraceatage13.Afterhighschool,hewenttoOhioStateUniversity.Hehadtoworkpart

41timesoastopayforhiseducation.Asasecond-yearstudent,intheBigTengamesin1935,hesetevenmorerecordsthanhewouldinOlympicGamesayearlater.AweekbeforetheBigTenmeet,Owensaccidentallyfelldownaflightastairs.Hisbackhurtsomuchthathecouldnotexerciseallweek,andhehadtobehelpedinandoutofthecarthatdrovehimtothemeet.Herefusedtolistentothesuggestionsthathegiveupandsaidhewouldtry,eventbyevent.Hedidtry,andtheresultsareintherecordbook.ThestagewassetforOwens'victoryattheOlympicGamesunBerlinthenextyear,and怕ssuccesswouldcometoberegardedasnotonlyathleticbutalsopolitical.HitlerdidnotcongratulateanyoftheAfricanAmericanwmners."Itwasallrightwithme,"hesaidyearslater."Ididn'tgotoBerlintoshakehandswithhim,anyway."HavingreturnedfromBerlin,hereceivednotelephonecallsfromthepresidentofhisowncounll-y,either.Infact,hewasnothonoredbytheUnitedStatesuntil1976,fouryearsbeforehisdeath.Owen'Olympicvictorymadelittledifferencetohim.Heearnedhislivingbylookingafteraschoolplayground,andacceptedmoneytoraceagainstcars,trucks,motorcycles,anddogs."Sure,itbothered（煩擾）me,"hesaidlater."Butatleastitwasanhonestliving.Ihadtoeat."Intime,however,hisgoldmedalschangedhislife."Theyhavekeptmealiveovertheyears,"heoncesaid."Timehasstoodstillforme.Thatgoldenmomentdieshard."(2000年北京、安徽卷，B,即2000年北京、安檄卷，笫三部分閱讀理解題B篇，以下不再一一注明）1.Owensgothisothername"Jesse"when_.A.hewenttoOhioStateUniversityB.histeachermadefunofhimC.histeachertook''J.C."for"Jesse"D.hewongoldmedalsintheBigTenmeet2.IntheBigTenmeet,Owens_.A.hurthimselfinthebackB.succeededinsettingmanyrecordsC.11·iedeverysportseventbutfailedD.hadtogaveupsomeevents3.WecaninferfromthetextthatOwenswastreatedunfairlyintheUSatthattimebecause_.A.hewasnotoftherightraceB.hewasthesonofapoorfarmerC.hedidn'tshakehandswithHitlerD.hedidn'ttalktotheUSpresidentonthephone4.WhenOwenssays"Theyhavekeptmealiveovertheyears,"hemeansthatthemedals_.A.havebeenchangedformoneytohelphimliveonB.havemadehimfamousintheUSC.haveencouragehimtoovercomedifficultiesinlifeD.havekepthimbusywithallkindsofjobs5.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.JesseOwens,aGreatAmericanAthleteB.GoldenMoment—aLife-timeStruggleC.MakingaLivingasaSportsmanD.HowtoBeaSuccessfulAthlete2IcametostudyintheUnitedStatesayearago.YetIdidnotknowtherealAmericansocietyuntilIwasinjuredinacaraccidentbecauseaftertheaccidentIhadtoseeadoctor—andgotocourt.（法庭）．Aftertheaccidentmyroommatecalledadoctorforme.Iwasverygratefulanddetenninedtorepayhimoneday.Butthenextday,heaskedmetopayhim$200forwhathehaddone.Iwasastonished.Hehadgoodreasonstochargeme,hesaid.AndifIwantedtocollectmoneyfromthepersonwhowasresponsibleformyinjury,I'dhavetohaveagoodlawyer.Andonlyagooddoctorcanhelpmegetagoodlawyer,itwasonlyfairtbatIshouldpayhim.ButeverytimeIwenttoseethedoctor,Ihadtowaitabout50minutes.Hewouldseetwoorthreepatientsatthesametime,andoftenstoptreatingonesoastoseeanother.Yethe~me$115eachtime.Thefinalexaminationreportconsistedoftenlines,anditcostme$215.Mylawyerwasatallsmilesthefirsttimewemet.Butafterthatheavoidedseeingmeatall.Heknewverywelltheotherpartywasresponsiblefortheaccident,yetbehardlydidanything.Hesimplywaitedtocollecthismone_y~He_"_'as_soirresponsibletha~Idecid~dtodismis_s（解雇）him.~nd_l~e~na?emepayhim$770.NowIhadtoactasmyownlawyer.Duetomyinexperience,ItoldtheinsurancecompanythedateIwasleavingAmerica.Knowingthat,theyplayedfortime,...andIleftwithoutgettingacent.MyexperiencetaughtmetwothingsaboutAmerica:firstly,inacountrylikeAmericamoneyiseverything.Itismoreimportantthanfriendship,honourorprofessionalmorality（職業(yè)道德）．Secondly,foreignersarestillbeingunfairlytreated.SowhenwetalkaboutAmerica,weshouldseebothitsgoodandbadsides.(2000年上海卷，B)I.Theauthor'sroommateofferedtohelphimbecause_.A.hefeltsorryfortheauthorB.hethoughtitwasachancetomakesomemoney

42C.heknewthedoctorwasagoodoneD.hewantedthedoctorwasaverygoodone2.AgooddoctorisessentialfortheauthortoA.beproperlytreatedB.talkwiththepersonresponsiblefortheaccidentC.recoverbeforeheleavesAmericaD.event1.1allygettheresponsiblepartytopayforhisinjury3.Theword"charge"isthispassagemeans_.A.beresponsibleB.accuseC.askasapriceD.chain4.Boththedoctorandthelawyerinthispassagearevery_.A.friendlyB.greedyC.professionalD.busy5.Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthestory?A.GoingtocourtissomethingveryconunoninAmerica.B.Onemustbeverycarefulwhiledrivingacar.C.TherearemorebadsidesinAmericathangoodsides.D.MoneyismoreimportantthanotherthingsintheUS.3NewYork,10November—5:27pm,yesterday.Biggestpowerfailureinthecity'shistory.*Thousandsofpeoplegotstuckinlifts.MartinSaltzmanspentthreehoursbetweenthe21stand22ndfloorsoftheEmpireStateBuilding."Thereweretwelveofus.Butnoonepanicked.Wepassedthetimetellingstoriesandplayingwordgames.Onemanwantedtosmokebutwedidn'tlethim.Firemenfinallygotusout."*"Itwasthebestnightwe'veeverhad,"saidAngelaCarrara,whorunsanItalianrestauranton42ndStreet."Wehadlotsofcandlesonthetablesandthewaiterswerecarryingcandlesontheirtrays.Theplacewasfull—andallnight,infact,forafterwehadclosed,weletthepeoplestayonandspendthenighthere."*Thezooshadtheirproblemslikeeveryoneelse.Keepersworkedthroughthenight.Theyusedblanketstokeepflyingsquirrelsandsmallmonkeyswarm.Whilezooshadproblemskeepingwarm,supermarketshadproblemskeepingcool."Allofouricecreamsandfrozenfoodsmelted,"saidthemanagerofastoreindowntownManhattan."Theywereworth$50,000."*Thebigelectricclockinthelobby（大廳）oftheWaldorf-AstoriaHotelindowntownManhattanstartedtic灼ng（滴答）againat5:25thismorning.Itwasalmostontime.(2000年全國卷A)l.ThroughouttheperiodofdarknessMartinSaltzmanandtheelevenothermenwere_.A.nervousB.excitedC.calmD.frightened2.JnwhatwaywasthenightofNovember9thebestnightforAngelaCarraro?A.Shehadatasteofadventure.B.Burningcandlesbrightenedtheplace.C.Businesswasbetterthanusual.D.Manypeoplestayedthe11ightinherrestaurant.3.Howlongdidthepowerfailurelast?A.Nearly12hours.B.Morethan12hours.C.Nearly24hours.D.Morethan24hours.4Likemanyloversofbooks,Maryandherhusband,RichardGoldman,seldomwalkedpastabookstorewithoutstoppingtolookinside.Theyoftentalkedofopeningtheirownstoreoneday.WhenMarywashospitalizedwithhearttroublein1989,theydecideditwastimetogetserious.伈chard,whoworkedforabusinesscompany,waseagertoworkforhimself,andMaryneededtoslowdown仕omherdemandingjob.Theystartedbytalkingtobookstoreownersandresearchingtheindustry."Weknewithadtobeaspecialtystorebecausewecouldn'tmatchthebigchainsdollarfordollar."SaysMary.Onefigurecaughtherattention:She'dreadsomewherethatroughly20percentofbookssoldweremysteries（推理小說），andmanybuyersspentmorethan$300ayearonbooks.SheandRichardwerethemselvesmysteryreaders.OnHalloween1992,theyopenedtheMysteryLoversbookshopandCafeneartheirhome.Withthreechildrenincollege,thecouplecouldspendallthefamily'smoneytostartashop.Tocoverthe$100,000cost,theydrewsomeoftheirsavings,borrowedfromrelativesandfromabank.Thestorenearlybrokeeveninitsfirstyear,withonly$120,000insales.ButMarywasalwayscomingupwithnewwaystoattractcustomers.Theshophadacoffeebaranditofferedgiftstomysteryloversandserveddinnersforbookclubsthatmetinthestore.TodayMysteryLoversmakessalesofabout$420,000ayear.Afterpayingtaxes,businesscostsandthesixparttimesalesclerks.RichardandMarytogetherearnabout$34,000.,'Thejobyoulovemaynotgohandinhandwithmillion-dollarincome."SaysRichard."Thishasalwaysbeenaboutanenjoyablelifeforourselves,notaboutmakingalotofmoney."(2004年全國卷rv,E)1.WhenMarywasinhospital,thecouplerealizedthat_.A.theyhadtoputtheirplanintopracticeB.healthwasmoreimportantthanwealth

43C.hearttroublewasaseriousillnessD.theybothneededtostopworking2.AfterMarygotwellfromherillnesstheybegan_.A.tostudyindustrialmanagementB.tobuyandreadmoremysterybooksC.todomarketresearchonbookbusinessD.toworkhardertosavemoneyforthebookstore3.Howdidtheirbookstoredointhefirstyear?A.Theyhadtoborrowmoneytokeepitgoing.B.Theymadejustenoughtocoverallthecosts.C.TheysucceededinmakingalotofmoneyD.Theyfailedthoughtheyworkedhard.4.AccordingtoRichard,themainpurposeofrunningthebookstoreis_.A.topayfortheirchildren'seducationB.togettoknowmorewritersC.tosetupmorebookstoresD.todowhattheyliketodo5Jtseemsthatpeoplegooutoftheirwaytogetintotrouble.That'smoreorlesswhathappenedthenightthatNashvillePoliceFloydHydewasonduty."Iwasonthewaytoapersonal-injuryaccidentinWestNashville.AslgotontoHighway40,bluelightsandsirens（警笛）going,IfellinbehindagoldPontiacFirebirdthatsuddenlyseemedtotakeoffquicklydownthehighway.Thedriversomehow~atthesightofme.Hewasgoingmorethanahundredmilesanhourandbeganpassingcarsontheshoulder."ButHydecouldn'tgoafterhim.Ta血gcareofinjuredpeopleisalwaysmoreimportantthanworryingaboutspeeders,sotheofficerhadtostayonhiswaytotheaccident.ButhedidtrytokeeptheFirebirdinsightashedrove,hopinganothernearbyunitwouldbeabletostepinandstopthespeedingcar,asitturnedout,keepingtheFirebirdinsightwasnotthatdifficult.EverytumthePontiacmadewastheveryturntheofficerneededtogettotheaccidentscene.HydefollowedthePontiacallthewaytohisdestination（目的地）．Atthatpointhefoundanotherunithadalreadyarrivedattheaccidentscene.Hishelpwasn'tneeded.NowhewasfreetotrytostopthedriveroftheFu今ebird,whobythistimehaddevelopedsomethingnewtopanickabout."Justaboutthattime,"Hydesays,"Isawfi訂ecomingoutfromunderthatcar,withbluesmokeandoilgoingeverywhere.He'dblownhisengine.Nowhehadtostop.""AfterIarrestedhim,Iaskedhimwhyhewasrunning.Hetoldmehedidn'thaveadriver'slicense（才丸照）．“ThataccidentcostthedriveroftheFirebirdplenty—athousanddollarsforthenewengine—nottomentionthechargefordrivingwithoutalicense,attemptingtorunaway,anddangerousdriving.(2004年北京卷，C)I.Themeaningof"panicked"inParagraph2isrelatedto_.A.shameB.hateC.angerD.fear2.WhydidthedriveroftheFirebirdsuddenlyspeeddownthehighway?A.Becausehewasracingwithanotherdriverontheroad.B.Becauseherealizedhehadtohurrytotheaccidentscene.C.Becausehethoughtthepoliceofficerwantedtostoph皿D.Becausehewantedtoovertakeothercarsontheshoulder.3.Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?A.Someoneelsewastakingcareoftheinjuredperson.B.T11ePontiacreacheditsdestinationattheaccidentscene.C.Hydeknewwherehewasgoingbyfollowingtherightcar.D.ThepolicemanwasrunningafteraspeederonHighway40.4.ThedriveroftheFirebirdA.tookawrongtumonthewayB.hadsometroublewithhiscarC.wasstoppedbythepoliceofficerD.paidfortheexpensesoftheaccident5.Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthearticle?A.LosingHisWay?B.GoingMyWay?C.FunalltheWay?D.HelpontheWay?6TheincidenttookplaceonSunday,the25thofJune.Onthatparticularday,asouthwindhadbeengusting（勁吹）onandoffallthemorning.Itwasnotstrongenoughtocauseusanyconcern,sowecarriedonwithourdailywork,notsuspectingwhatwasabouttohappen.Thestormgaveusverylittlewarning.Blackcloudsloomedoverthedistanthorizon（地平線）sosuddenlythatweweretakenbysurprise.Eventhen,wewerenotreallyworried,asthecloudsseemedtobemovingoverourhouseandtowardthedistantmountains.Then,justasthecloudshadmovedinland,thewindsuddenlyswung

44aroundinafullcircleandwewerefacingamajorstorm.Instantly,wewerebusilypreparingfortheworst.Thewholefamilyhadexperiencedsuchstormbeforeandeveryonerememberedthedamageithadcausedto碼andcrops.Therewasverylittlewecoulddoaboutthecrops.Butweneededtoprotecttheanimalsincasetheriverfloodedagain.Myolderbrothercalledhjssheep-dogandbegandrivingoutsmallflockofsheeptohighergroundabovetheriver.Iftheriverflooded,theyshouldbesafethere.Inthemeantime,myfatherwasmendingashedroofthathadpartlyfallendownaftermanyyearsoffineservice.Ifthetinflewoff,itcoulddamagethehouse.Myyoungerbrotherbeganhurriedlycarryingfirewoodundertheshelter.MyjobwastohelpMumboardupthewindows.Ifthestormdevelopedintoacyclone（旋風(fēng)），thebo扛dswouldprotectglass.Thestormragedforfourhours,pouringmorerainonusthanwehadseeninthelastfiveyears,Asexpected,theriverbrokeitsbanksandcameslowlyuptowardsthehouseandthestock.Then,justaswewerebeg皿1ingtolosehope,thesto1mstoppedassuddenlyasithadbegan.Theanin1alsweresafe,andtheroofwasstillnailedon."All'swellthatendswell,"saidmymother.(2006年江西卷，A)I.Whentheblackcloudsappearedsuddenlyindistance,_.A.thefamilyweresurprisedB.theywereextremelyworriedC.theywerepreparingfortheworstD.theyfacedthestormbravely2.'Therewasverylittlewecoulddoaboutthecrops"indicatesthat_.A.littledamagewouldbedonetothecropsB.theyhadeverythingreadyforthecropsC.theyfeltunabletoprotectthecropsD.thecropsshouldbesafeenoughthere3.Theunderlinedword"stock"inthethirdparagraphrefersto_.A.moneyownedbythefamilyB.goodsforsaleC.suppliesforfamilyuseD.farmanimals4.ItcanbeinferredfromwhatthemothersaidthatA.theyhadnodamageatallB.everyt血gwentbeyondtheirexpectationC.everythingwasundercontrolD.thefamilycouldhavesufferedagreaterloss7BusterBrownwasalittlethief—andagoodone,too,hethought.He'dneverbeencaughtbythepolicebecausehenevertookchances.Hewasalwayspreparedforanyunforeseeneventoremergency.Confidently,hestoodoutsidethehouseofhisintendedvictim（受害者）andreadthesignonthefrontgateofthehouse."Don'tworryaboutthedog—beawareoftheowner!"itsaid.Bustersmiledandfoundhiswayin.Thehouselookedquitenommlouts1de,butmsldeItwasveryexotlCWIthfascmatingobJectsondIsplayAshebeganputtingthemintohisbag,adogcameintotheroom.ItstoppedwhenitsawBuster,thenwaggeditstailmadlyandwentovertohim,lickinghisoutstretchedhand."Goodboy,"Busterwhispered."Whatagreatguarddogyouare—tryingtolickmetodeath."Satisfiedhe'dmadefriendswiththedog.Busterbegantowanderroundthehouse,choosingitemstoputinhisbag.Hiss伈lledeyepickedoutonlythebestantiques（古董）：apairofsilvercandleholders,asilvertea-and-coffeeserviceetc.Hisnew和end,hedog,satandwatched,asifwonderingwhatwashappening."Well,boy,"Busterwhisperedfinally."Thatmightdo.AnymoreandIwon'tbeabletocarryit!"Heswungtheheavybagontohisshoulder,justasthelightscameon,nearlyblindinghim.Heshieldedhiseyeswithhishand."You'reaverysillyperson,"thefigureinthedoorwaysaid,hisvoicedryanddust.Asthemancamecloser,Bustercouldseehewaswelldressed.Hisfaceseemedfamiliar,butcouldn'tquiteplacewherehehadseenhimbefore."Youshouldhavetakenmorenoticeofthesignoutside,"themanrasped."Iknewaboutthisattemptedrobberylastweekandalsoknowyouwillendupbehindbarsfor20years.Fancytryingtorobthehouseoftheworld'sgreatestfortune-teller!"(2006年江西卷，B)1.WhywasBustersoconfident?A.Hewasnotafraidofdogs.B.Heknewtheownerofthehouselivedalone.C.Hehadneverbeencaughtbythepolice.D.Thehousehadnowsecurityalarm2.Whichofthedefinitionsisclosestinmeaningtotheword"exotic"inthethirdparagraph?A.Messyanduntidy.B.Richandexpensive.C.ComfortableandcalmingD.Foreignandunusual3.HowdidBusterdecidewhichobjectstotake?A.Hetookthosewereeasytocarryinhisbag.B.Hetookonlythebestantiques.C.Hetookthosethatheknewhecouldselleasily.D.Helookedforsilverobjects4.WhatpunishmentwaitsforBusterBrown?

45A.Aprisonsentencewithhardlabour.B.Alongprisonsentence.C.Aheavyfine（罰款）D.Communityservicefor20years（二）應(yīng)用文Tiredofl!orkin~inYourCountryWithover500instructorsand20yearsofexperience,wearetheleaderinthefieldofteachingforeignlangi.1age.WenowhavepositionsopeninOsakastartingSeptember/October2004forinstructorsofEnglish,German,SpanishandFrench.?Teachmanydifferentkindsofclassesusingthelatestteclu1ologyinsmallclassesofupto3students.?Acco皿nodation（住宿），andothernecessarydocuments（文件）willbereadybeforeyouleave.?Applicants（申請人）willteachtheirfirstlanguageonly.?Excellentteachertrainingprogramslfyouareyoungwithauniversitydegreeandarewillingtoexperiencedifferentculture,apply（申請）now.Experienceinteachingisanadvantagebutnotspeciallyrequired.KnowledgeofJapaneselanguageisnotnecessarybutgoodEnglishskillsandpracticalcomputerknowledgearebasicrequirements.ApplywithC.V.andsendletterto:NOVAFrance,MrSampy(IHT3/2)34,Bd,Haussmann,75009Paris,FranceFax:33148014804Orvisitourwebsite:www.teachjp.comThemanagerexpectstomeetandtalkwithsuccessfulapplicantsinParisinJuneandJuly.(2004年全國卷I'閱讀理解題A)I.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroducealanguageschoolinJapan.B.TohirelanguageteacherstoworkinJapanC.TodescribeworkingconditionsinJapan.D.TomakecleartherequirementsforJapaneseteachers.2.WeknowfromthetextthatthosewhoaregoingJapanwill_.A.teachEnglishonlyinOsakaB.receiveadegreefromauniversityC.haveaccommodationD.gettrainedforthejob3.BeforegoingtoJapan,youneed_.A.toseethemanagerofNOVAFranceB.totakesomecomputercoursesC.towritealettertoJapanD.tofindaplacetolive4.lfyouwanttoworkinJapanyoushould_.A.havesomeworkingexperienceB.knowhowtousecomputersC.presentgoodteachingplansD.speakseverallanguages2DiscoverNewsmagazineofsciencedevotedtothewondersandstoriesofmodemscience,writtenfortheeducatedgeneralreaders.Published(出版）byDisneyMagazinePublishingCo,Discovertellsmanyofthesamestoriesprofessionals（專業(yè)人士）readinScientificAmerica.Atrulydelightfulfamilysciencemagazine,eachissue（每期）bringstolightnewandnewsworthytopicstomakedinnertimeandwatercoolerconversationsinteresting.CoverPrice:$59.88Price:$19.95($I.66/issue)Yousave:$39.93(67%)Issues:12issues/12monthsSelfPublishedbyCondeNastPublicationsInc,Self'isahandbookdevotedtowomen'soverallphysicalandmentalhealth.Everyissuecontainsusablearticlessuchas"StyleLab",inwhichwearableclothesaremixedandmatchedonnon-modelsandthe"Eat-RightRoadMap"withtipsonhowtoeatproperly.CoverPrice:$35.86Price:$15.00($2.5/issue)Yousave:$20.86(58%)Issues:6issues/12monthsInStyle

46InStyleisaguidetothelivesandlifestyleoftheworld'sfamouspeople.Themagazinecoversthechoicespeoplemakeabouttheirhomes,theirclothesandtheirfreetimeactivities.Withphotosandarticles,itopensthedoortothesepeople'shomes,families,partiesandweddings,offeringideasaboutbeauty,fitnessandingeneral,lifestylesPublisher:TheTimeIncMagazineCompany.CoverPrice:$47.88Price:$23.88($2.38/issue)Yousave:$24.00(58%)Issues:IOissues/l2monthsWiredThismagazineisdesignedforleadersinthefieldofinformationengineeringincludingtopmanagersandprofessionalsinthecomputer,business,designandeducationindustries.PublishedbyCondeNastPublicationInc,Wiredoftencarriesarticlesonhowtechnologychangespeople'slives.CoverPrice:$59.40Price:$10.00($1.00/issue)Yousave:$49.40(83%)Issues:10issues/12months(2004全國卷IV,閱讀理解題D)I.Whichofthefollowingmagazinesispublishedmonthly?A.Discover.B.Self.C.InStyle.D.Wired.2.Whichtwomagazinesarepublishedbythesamecompany?A.WiredandlnStyleB.DiscoveryandInStyleC.SelfandDiscoveryD.SelfandWired3.Whichmagazineoffersthebiggestpricecut?A.InStyle.B.Wired.C.Discover.D.Self.4.The"StyleLab"inSelfprovidesreaderswitharticleswhich_.A.offeradvicetoordinarywomenonclothesB.showhowawomancanbecomefamousC.introduceplaceswiththebestfoodD.discusswaysoftrainingmodels5.Thosewhoareirlterestedinmanagementandtheuseofhightechnologywouldprobablychoose_.A.InStyleB.SelfC.WiredD.Discover3McGillComedyClubHistoryStudents'AssociationDesignMirrorSaleImportantmeetingtoday.ProfMichaelCrossofDalhousieAlltypesandsizesofdesignmirrorsDiscussionsonputtingonUniversitywillbespeakingonpricedtoplease.SaletodayinUnionBlazingSaddles.Unionroom"UnskilledLaboursonnversandroom108.302,3-4pm.NewmembersCanalsinUpperCanada,1820-1850:(bothactorsandnon-actors,TheBeginningofClassStruggle",atI0livinganddead)arewelcome.aminLeacock230.McGillTeachingWomen'sUnionAssistants'AssociationImportant.GeneralMeetingat6pm,Unionroom423.Speakeron"ImportanceofAgeneralmeeting,forallthedecidingbasicgoalsoftheWomen'sUnion".Everyone,old,newandthoseTAs,willbeheldat4pmininterested,pleaseattend.Leacock116.FilmSocietyCanadianUniversityStudentsOverseasLastmeetingofthetermforCUSOpresents"GuessWho'sComingtoBreakfast"at7pm.NewmanCentre,allmembers.Allmembers3484Peel.FindoutaboutCUSOhereandoverseas.Everyonewelcome.arerequiredtobepresent.6:00sharp,Unionroom434.(2000年北京、安徽春季卷，C)I.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthetext?A.Inaschoolmagazine.B.Inanationalpaper.C.Inaguidebook.0.Inauniversitynewspaper.2.Ifyouareinterestedinarts,wherewouldyougoforavisit?A.Leacock116.B.Unionroom423.C.UnionroomI08.D.NewmanCentre,3484Peel3.Whichofthefollowingisthenameofaplay?A.BlazingSaddles.B.GuessWho'sComingtoBreakfastC.ImportanceofdecidingbasicgoalsoftheWomen'sUnion.0.UnskilledLaboursonRiversandCanalsinUpperCanada,1820-1850.4

47ReturnDaysfromjust￡299DepartsMay-October2005Includes:?Returnflightsfrom8UKairportstoNaples?Returnairporttohoteltransport?Sevennights'accommodationatthe3*HotelNice?Theserviceofguides?GovernmenttaxesJoinusforawonderfulholidayinoneofEurope'smostwonderfulcomers.Longafavouritewithholidaymakers—indeedtheancientRomanscalledthearea"happyland"—thissimpleattractivecoastlineofcolourfultowns,splendidviewsandthewormMediterraneanSeaisaperfectchoiceforatrulymemorableholiday!Choosebetweenthepeace和Itrad山onalvillageofSant'Agata,setonah仆]sidesixmilesfromSorrento,orthemorelivelyandwell-knowninternationalresort（旅游勝地）townofSorrento,withwonderfulviewsovertheBayofNaples.Breathtakingsceneryandfamoussightseverywhere.FromthelegendaryIsleofCapritothehauntingruinsofPompeii,andfromtheunforgettable"AmalfiDrive"tothedelightfulresortsofPositaro,SorrentoandRavello,~Shouldyouchoosetojoinus,weknowthatyouwillnotbedisappointed!Withachoiceofhotels,andoptionalexcursion（可選擇的旅并路線）includingCapri,Pompeii,andthe"AmalfiDrive",thisisatrulyunmissableholiday.*Pricebasedontwotouristssharingatwin/doubleroomattheHotelNice.Liketoknowmore?ThentelephoneNewmarketAirhilodaysLtdon:0845-226-7766(Allcallschargedatlocalrates).(2005年福建卷，D)I.Allthefollowingareincludedinthepriceo釭299EXCEPT_.A.transportbetweentheairportandthehotelB.telephonecallsmadebytouristsC.theservicesofguidestotouristsD.doubleroomsforeverytwotourist2.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.ToinvitepeopletotakeabreathintheBayofNaples.B.ToadvisepeopletotelephoneNewmarketAirHollidayltdC.TopersuadepeopletotourintheareaoftheMediterraneanSea.D.ToattractpeopletogotoSant'AgataorSorrentoforsightseeing.3.Theunderlinedpart"theareaisafeastforeyes"inthepassagemeans_.A.theareaispleasingtoeyesB.theareaisreallyunforgettableC.theareacatchesthetourists'eyeD.theareaiscrowdedwithtourists4.Afterreadingthead,onewillprobablyjoininthetourbecause_.A.thesightsareattractiveandthetourstartsinMayorOctoberB.thepriceislowforthoseintendingtostayatthe3*HotelNiceC.thepriceofferedisreasonableandthesightsarebeautifulD.goodservicesareofferedtothoseintendingtostayindoubleroomsAnsweringtheCommunityNeedsofOurCityTheSilverCityCouncilrecognizethatcitizenshavecertainneeds.Tobettermeetyourneeds,wehavemadeseveralchangestocommunityfacilitiesin2004.thischartshowhowwehavetriedtomakeyourlifebetter.Transport*EducationThreestationsforthesuburbshavebeenaddedtothe*Textbookswillbefreetoallprimarystudentswesterntrainservice.in2004!女20newbusesforthesouthernlinewerepurchasedin女Rentalforprivateschoolshasbeenreduced.January.女Teachersreportthatthe'nohat-noplay'rule*女50percentofcitybus-stopshavebeenupgradedhasbeensuccessful.Busestotheeasternsuburbswillrunevery15minutes.Commu*nicationProtectionandSecurityBroadbandcableisnowavailabletoallpartsofthe*Extrapolicenowpatrol（巡邏）thetouristareas.city.女50newpoliceofficersgraduatedinJulyand女AllofthenewGovernn1entbuildingsare、smart'-wiredhavetakenupdutiesinthecityarea.computerservice!MedicalFacilitiesEntertainment/Recreation

48女Thenewstate-of-the-artNightingaleHospitalwas*TheJohnStreetbasketballcourtshavebeenre?openedinJune.surfaced!女Toovercomeashortageoftrainedmedicalstaffat*ThenewCentralCommunityBuildingopenedDoverHospital,10doctorshavebeenemployedfrominMay.overseas.*5,000newfictionbookswerebroughtforthe女SomefacilitiesatStationStreetHospitalhavebeenSilverCitylibrary.upgrades(2006年江西卷，E)1.Thepublicnoticeisfrom_.A.thecommunityB.thelocalgovernmentC.thecitizenD.atravelagency2.Thenoticeismainlyabout_.A.theworkcarriedoutbythepeopleofSilverCityB.thefac山tiesavailableinSilverCityC.someimprovementinSilverCityD.infonnationforinterestedtourists3.AllthefollowingaretrueEXCEPTthat_.A.bothresidentsandtouristscanenjoymoresecuritynowB.StationStreetHospitalhadout-datedfacilitiesbefore2004C.primarystudentshadtopayfortheirtextbooksin2003D.DoverHospitalisstillshortoftrainedmedicalstaff4.WhichofthefollowingchangeswouldtouriststoSilverCitybemorehappywith?A.Travelbooksareprovidedinthenewlibrary.B.TravelingbytrainismoreconvenientinSilverCity.C.FreemedicaltreatmentisavailableatStationStreetHospital.D.Therearemorepoliceofficersondutynow.6TakeActionforaBetterWorld:VolunteersNeededSixmonths'preparationinDemark:A什icastudies,teamworkcombinedwithsocialworkwithriskgroupteenagers.Sixmonths'communityworkinMalawiinPeopletopeopleproject:ChildAid,HIV/AIDSFightsandTeachertraining.Qualifications（條件）．18years,hard-workingandsocialengagement.Pleasecontactus~~mPart-timeWork,vitbExchangeStudentsYOUTHinternationalisanon-profithighschoolforeignexchangestudentorganization.Wewelcometeenagersfromover80countriesworldwideandprovidehostfamilies.TheCommunityRepresentativeisapart-timepositiondesignedforpeoplewithastrongdesiretodosomethingrewordinginthecommunityandearnsomeextramoney.Applicants（申請人）bestsuitedforthisworkshouldenjoyteenagers,haveastronginterestincross-culturalcon皿unication,andfeelcomfortablenetworking.FulltrainingandsupportwillbeprovidedthroughbranchofficesthroughouttheU.S.Pos巾onsavailableinmorestates.Ifinterested，衛(wèi)leasesendemail:staff~youth.or_gorcall888-123-9872.InternationalSummerJobHi,f'manESLstudentinChina.I'm20,quietandpolite,andlspeakreasonableEnglish.lamlookingforasummerjobinanEnglish-spea灼ngcountry.lcanteachChineseordohouseandgardenwork,andcookChinesedishes.Cananybodyoffermeajob?Idon'tneedmuch,justenoughin2months(July-August)topayformyreturnticketstoChina.MygoalistoimprovemyEnglishandseeabitmoreoftheworld.Mve-mailis:ram3462@.hotmail.comCallforNativeSpeakersofEnglishlamlookingfornativespeakersofEnglishtojoininanexperiment.Thisexperimentiscan-iedoutovertheInternet.Youdon'tneedanyspecific燦owledgeotherthanunderstandmgandspeakingEnglishatanativelevel.Thefrrsttaskwilltakeyouaround15minutes.Afterthistask,youcandecidewhetheryouwanttocontmuetheexperiment.Thetasksinvolvereadingtextsanddesigningquestionsandanswers.~thenpleaseemailme:club3864Cmhotmail.com(2006年浙江卷，C)1.WhoissuitabletoworkasaCommunityRepresentativeiI1YOUTHInternational?A.Onewhoenjoysworkingwithteenagersfromdifferentcountries.B.Onewhohopestotakeactioninfightingagainstdiseases.C.OnewhohasastrongdesiretoimprovehisorherEnglish.

49D.Onewhowantstoearnsomepocketmoneymtheprogram.2.WherewillJack,avolunteer,receivethetrainingbeforeheissenttoworkii1Malawi?A.InsomelocalofficesintheU.S.B.InanESLorganizationinChina.C.InapreparationprograminDemarkD.InanexchangestudentcentreinAfrica.3.IfMrs.BlackintheU.S.hopestolearnsomeChineseathome,shemaycontact_.Atakeaction@bettenvorld.comB.ram3462@hotmail.comc.club3864@hotmail.comD.staff@yout.org4.Whatarevolunteersforanexperimentovertheinternetsupposedtodo?A.Tointerviewpeopleonline.B.TodosomehouseworkC.ToofferadviceonChildAid.D.Toprovidelanguageexercises.7E~TheopeningceremonyofthisfamousyearlyFewperiodsinhistoryare“asexcitingasthetimewhen已仁口....competitionwillbeginat11:30a.m.TherewillbetheVikings（北歐海盜）wereknown—andsometimescc:r可musicgroups,rappersandchildren'schorus.12:25;feared—throughoutScandinavia,theBritishIsles,Russia,:;::匕....cp.m.toseetheintroductionoftheeaterswhocamealltheMediterranean,AfricaandevenAmerica.;':fromallovertheworld.At12:40p.m.thehistoricFrojelisafamily-basedsociety,whichaimstorelive~':匕312-minute-all-you-can-eatcompetitionwillbegin.anddescribetheVikingsfromaharbor—Frojel,onthe~仁3口Theworldrecordstandsatover50hotdogsandbunsSwedishislandofGotland.Frojelwasoneoftherichest:c.c:::,口in12minutes.Willanyonebeattherecordthisyear?tradingcentersintheVikingworld.~口c:::,匕Viewingisavailableonafirst-come-firstservedThemembersofthesocietyaimtorecreatethe口C乙口b翋s.Televisioncrewsareinvitedtouseatwo-tieredclothing,weapons,tools,jewellery,games,foodand~E口;（兩層）stageti訂eemetersfromthemainstage.Thefurnitureofthatlong-goneperiod.Theywanttoenjoyan~~areainfrontofthemainstageiskeptforescapetoasimple,morerelaxedtime,withlikeminded~:=;photographersandtelevisioncameraswithoutpeople.Theywillalsousetheitemstheyhavemadeto~臣門Pod吐（三角架）relivethatageatvariouspublicentertainment;:(2006年江蘇卷，C)I.AccordingtoadvertisementIthefamousyearlycompetitionis_.A.amusiccompetitionB.aneatingcompetitionC.acookingcompetitionD.apictt1re-takingcompetition2.Peoplewhocometowatchthecompetitionearliermay_.A.getthebestwatchingpositionB.getthebestfoodC.watchwhatevertheywanttoD.takegoodpictures3.ThebesttitleforAdvertisementIIwouldbe.A.TheVikingsB.RelivingoftheVikingsC.FrojelD.VikingRelivingSociety4.FromtheadvertisementweknowthatFrojelusedtobe_.A.aVikingclubB.afamily-basedsocietyC.aEuropeanislandD.atradingcentre（三）說明文Beforeanewtypeofplanegoesintoservice,everypartofitistestedagainandagain.Buttherearetwoteststhataremoreimportantthanallothers.Thetestiscalledthe"tanktest".Amodernairplanemustflyveryhighinthesky.Airmustbepumpedintotheplanesothatthepassengerscanbreathe.Themetalstructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）oftheplanehastobeverystrongforthisreason.Whentheplaneisfilledwithair,thepressure（壓力）onasmallwindowislikeahugefootthatistryingtogetout.Ifasmallpartoftheplaneweretofail,theplanewouldexplode（爆炸）inthesky.Totestthestructureoftheplane,theplaneisloweredintoahugetankorcontainerofwater.Thenitisfilledwithair.Thepressureinsidetheplaneisgreaterthaniteverwillbewhenitishighupintheair.Finally,thereisanexplosion.Thisdoesnotcausesomuchdamageinthewatertankasitwouldanywhereelse.Engineerscandiscoverwhichpartoftheplanehasbroken.ThenthatpartismadestrongerThemostdangeroustesthappenswhenthenewplaneisgoingthroughtestflightsinthea訂．Thetestpilotmustfindoutexactlywhathappenswhentheenginesareallshutoffatonce.TheplanebeginstofalllikeastoneItisthepilot'sjobtofindouthowhecangetcontroloftheplaneagain.Thesetwotestsareexamplesofhowplanesaremadesafebeforetheyevercarrypassengers.(2004年全國卷I,D)

501.Bydoingthe"tanktest",theengineerscanfmdout_.A.theamountofairintheplaneB.thestrengthoftheplanestructureC.thepressureinsideandoutsidetheplaneD.thepoweroftheairplaneengines2.Whatwillhappentotheplaneunderthe"tanktest"?A.Itwillbebroken.B.Itwillbemadestronger.C.Itwillbefilledwithwater.D.Itwillbetestedbypilots.3.Accordingtothetext,whyaretestflightsmostdangerous?A.Theplanemayexplodeintheair.B.ThepilotmaylosecontroloftbeplaneC.theenginesmaybedamaged.D.Toomuchairmaygetintotheplane.4.Wbatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TwoImportantTestsonAirplaneB.TheImportanceofFlyingSafelyC.TheDangerofTestingAirplaneD.HowAirplanesAreMadeandTested2It'snottheflashiestcarintheworld.Notevenclose.Butthe197IVolkswagennamedHelioscandosomethingmostcarscan't:runonsolarenergy—energyfromthesun'slightandheat!JoshuaBechtold,14,andtheotherstudentsattheRiversideSchoolinLyndonville,Vermont,workedmanymonthstogettheHeliosreadyforthe1999AmericanTourdeSol("Sol"istheLatinwordfor"sun").TheynamedtheircarafterHelios,thesungodinGreekmythology（神話）．The4-year-oldTourdeSolencouragestheuseof"green",orenvironmentallyfriendly,carstohelpreducepollutionandsaveenergy.It'snotarace.Carsarejudgedonfuelefficiency（耗油量）ratherthanspeed.Intheweeklongevent,44carstookthe350-miletourfromWaterbury,Connecticut,toLakeGeorge,NewYork.Ofthe23studentcars,Helioswastheonlyonebuiltbymiddleschoolstudents.AteacherdroveHelios,butthechildrentalkedwithpeople,wherevertheystoppedalongtheroad."Thatwasmyfavoritepart,"saysAnnaBrowne,15."Weexplainedhowthecarruns."Dueinparttoold,inefficientbatteries（電池），Heliosfinishedfourth—outoffour—initskind,thesun-poweredclass."Wewerethereforthefunofit,"Annasays."We'reproudofHelios,"saysArielCleicher,14"It'sacarthat'sgoodfortheenvironment."(2004年全國卷II,C)1.WhatisspecialaboutthecarHeliosinthetext?A.ltwasbuiltbymiddleschoolstudents.B.Ithasanattractivedesign.C.Itwasmadein1971.D.Itwonthefourtl1prize.2.Howmanysun-poweredcarstookpartintherace?A.I.B.4.C.23.0.44.3.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheMakingofHeliosB.1999AmericanTourdeSolC.Sun-poweredCarsontheRoadD.UseofGreenCarsinConnecticut4.ThestudentsfeltproudofHeliosbecauseA.itcouldrunasfaras350milesB.itwasfavoredbymanychildrenC.ithadhigh-qualitybatteries0.itwasdrivenbycleanenergyTheBronteFamilyYorkshire,Englandwasthesettingforhvogreatnovels（小說）ofthe19thcentury.ThesewereCharlotteBronte'sJaneEyreandEmilyBronte'sWutheringHeights.TheyoungestsisterAnne,wasalsoagiftednovelist,andherbookshavethesameextraordinaryqualityashersisters'.TheirfatherwasPatrickBronte,borninIreland.Hemovedwithhiswife,MariaBronte,andtheirsixsmallchildrentoHaworthinYorkshireinl820.Soonafter,MrsBronteandthetwoeldestchildrendied,leavingthefathertocarefortheremainingthreegirlsandaboy.Charlottewasbornin1816.Emilywasbornin1818andAnnein1820.TheirbrotherBranwellwasbornin1817.Lefttothemselves,thechildrenwroteandtoldstoriesandwalkedoverthehills.Theygrewuplargelyself-educated.Branwellshowedagreatinterestindrawing.Thegirlsweredeterminedtoearnmoneyforhisarteducation.Theytookpositionsasteachersortaughtchildrenintheirhomes.Aschildrentheyhadallwrittenmanystories,Charlotte,asayounggirl,alonewrote22books,eachwith60toI00pagesofsmallhandwriting.Therefore,theyturnedtowritingforincome.ByI847,CharlottehadwrittenTheProfessor;Emily,WutheringHeights;andAnne,AgnesGrey.AftermuchdifficultyAnneandE皿lyfoundapublisher（出版商），buttherewasnointerestshowninCharlotte'sbook.(Itwasnotpublisheduntil1859.)However,onepublisherexpressedaninterestinseeingmoreofherwork.JaneEyrewasalreadystarted,andshe

51hurriedlyfinishedit.Itwasacceptedatonce;thuseachofthesistershadabookpublishedin1847.JaneEyrewasimn1ediatelysuccessful;~'however,didnotdosowell.PeopledidnotlikeWutheringHeights.Theysaiditwastoowild,tooanimal-like.ButgraduallyitcametobeconsideredoneofthefinestnovelsintheEnglishlanguage.Emilylivedonlyashortwhileafterthepublicationofthebook,andAnnediedin1849.CharlottepublishedShirleyin1849,andVillettein1853.InJ854shemarriedArthurBellNicholls.Butonlyayearlater,shediedoftuberculosis（肺結(jié)核）ashersistershad.(2004年全國卷III,E)1.WhatdidtheBrontesisterswanttodoforBranwellBronte?A.Helphimwritestories.B.Helphimgettrainedinart.C.Teachhimhowtodrawwell.D.Teachhimhowtoeducatehimself.2.WeknowfromthetextthatA.JaneEyrewaspublishedin1847B.CharlotteBrontewrote22booksinallC.theBrontesistersreceivedgoodeducationD.PatrickBrontehelpedhisdaughterswiththeirwring3.Whichofthefollowingwaspublishedafterthedeathofitswriter?A.ShirleyB.VilletteC.AgnesGreyD.TheProfessor4.Theunderlinedwords"theothertwo"inthe5thparagraphreferto_.A.ShirleyandVilletteB.TheProfessorandAgnesGreyC.AgnesGreyandWutheringHeightsD.TheProfessorandWutheringHeights5.WhatdoweknowabouttheBrontesistersfromthetext?A.Theirnovelsinterestedfewpublishers.B.Noneofthemhadmorethantwobookspublished.C.Noneofthemlivedlongerthan40yearsold.D.Emilywastheleastsuccessfulofthethree4Fishhaveears.Really.Theyarequitesmallandhavenoopeningtotheoutsideworldcarryingsoundthroughthebody.Forthepastsevenyears,SimonThorrold,auniversityprofessor,hasbeenexaminingfishears,smallroundearbonescalledotoliths.Asfishgrow,sodotheirotoliths.Eachday,theirotolithsgainaringofcalciumcarbonate（碳酸鈣）．Bylookingthroughamicroscope（顯微鏡）andcotmtingtheserings,Thorroldcandete而inetheexactageofayoungfish.Asafishgetsolder,itsotolithsnolongergetdailyrings.Instead,theygetyearlyrings,whichcanalsobecounted,givinginformationaboutthefish'sage,justlikethegrowthringsofatree.Ringcountingisnothingnewtofishscientists.ButThorroldhasturnedtoanewdirection.They'reexaminingthechemicalelements（元素）ofeachotolithsring.Thedailyringgivesusthetime,butchemistrytellsusabouttheenvironmentinwhichthefishswamonanygivenday.Theseelementstellusaboutthechemistryofthewatertemperature,whichdetem1ineshowmuchoftheseelementswillgatherwithineachotolithsring.Thorroldcantell,forexample,ifafishspendtimeintheopenoceanbeforeenteringlesssaltywaterofcoastalareas.Hecanbasicallytellwherefisharespendingthe訂血eatanygivenstageofhistory.InthecaseoftheAtlanticcroaker,apopularsaltwaterfoodfish,Thorroldandhisassistanthavesuccessfullyfollowedthetravelingofyoungfishfrommid-oceantothecoast,ajourneyofmanyhundredsofmilesThisisimportanttomanagersinthefishindustry,whoknownearlynothingaboutthewhereaboutsoftheyoungfishformostfoodfishintheocean.Eagertolearnabouthistechnology,fishscientistsarenowlendingThorroldtheirears.(2000年北京安徽春季卷，D)I.Whatcanwelearnaboutfishearsfromthetext?A.Theyaresmallsoftrings.B.Theyarenotseenfromtheoutside.C.Theyareopeningsonlyonfoodfish.D.Theyarenotusedtoreceivesound.2.Whydoesthewritercomparethefishtotrees?A.Treesgainagrowthringeachday.B.Treesalsohaveotoliths.C.Theirgrowthringsareverysmall.D.Theybothhavegrowthrings.3.Whyisitimportanttostudythechemistryofotolithsrings?A.Theelementsoftheotolithscantellthehistoryofthesea.B.Chemicalcontentsofotolithscantellhowfastfishcanswim.C.Wecanknowmoreaboutfishandtheirlivingenvironment.D.Scientistscanknowexactlyhowoldafishis.4.Howwouldyouunderstand"fishscientistsarenowlendingtheirears"?A.TheyareveryinterestedinThorrold'sresearchfindings.B.Theywanttoknowwheretheycanfindfish.C.Theylendtheirfishforchemicalstudies.

52D.TheywonderifThon-oldcanfindgrowthringsfromtheirears5Everyone'satit,evenmyneighbours.IthoughtImightbetheonlypersonleftintheworldwhohadn'tdoneaneBaydeal.So,Tdecidedtotryhandatonlineauction（網(wǎng)上拍賣）Buyingforbeginners:Singupon~Mostitems(e.g.tables,computers,andbooks)readyforauctionwillcomewithapic血eandashortdescription;othersmaybemarkedwith"BuyitNow"andhaveafixedprice.YoucanbuytheserightawayIftheitemisbeingauctioned,youofferthehighestyouarepreparedtopayandeBaybids（出價(jià)）foryou.Thebidwillbeincreasedlittlebylittleuntilitgoesbeyondyourhighestbid,thenyouareemailedandaskedifyouwouldliketobidagain.Auctionslastupto10daysandwhentheyfmishyougetanemailtellingyouwhetheryouhavetheitem.Howtopay:Sellersdecidehowtheywouldliketobepaidandyouneedtocheckthisbeforeplacingabidasyoumightnottopostachequeorpostalorders.TheeasiestwayisthroughPayPal,anonlinepaymentsystemthattakesthemoneyawayfromyourcreditcard（信用卡）Sellingmadesimple:IfyouplantoselloneBay,ithelpstoincludeapictureoftheitem.Ifollowedmyfriend'sadviceandputuptheitemsIwantedtosellfora10-dayauction,startingonaThursday.Thiswaybuyershadtwoweekendstobid.Thebigthingsinlife:It'seasytopostasmallite1n,butfurnitureisabigpartofeBayandthishastobecollectedorsentbydeliverymen.Checkthewayofdeliverybeforeyoub心(2005年天津卷，A)1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtomakepaymentonline.B.Waysofmakingdeliveryonline.C.Advantagesofanonline-auctionsystem.B.Howtouseanonline-auctionsystem2.Afterbiddingforanitem,abuyer_.A.willgetwhathewantsintendaysB.shouldmakepaymentinunediatelyC.haschancestomakehigherbidsD.maycheckitspictltreanddescription3.Theeasiestwayofmakingpaymentmentionedinthepassageis_.A.throughandonlinepaymentsystemB.throughalocalbankingsystemC.bysendingthemoneytothesellerD.bypayingthedeliverymandirectly6Whenastormiscoming,mostpeopleleavetheareaasquicklyaspossibleandheadforsafety.Butthereareafewpeoplewhowillgetintotheircarsandgostraightforthecentreofthestonn.Thesepeoplearewillingtorisk（冒險(xiǎn)）beingkilledbyfloodsof100-kilometer-an-hourwindsfortheexcitementofwatchingstormcloseup."Stormchasing（追逐）isbecominganincreasinglypopularhobby,especiallyintheMidwestoftheUnitedStates,wherethereare什equentstormsbetweenMarchandJuly.AstormchaserbeginsthedaybycheckingtheInternetforthelatestweatherreports,andthendrivesupto1,000kilometerstowherethestormwillbeandwa心forittobedevelop.Althoughanyonecandoit,stormchasingisextremelydangerous.Thepowerofabigstormcanthrowacowintotheairordestroyawholehouseinseconds.Stonnchasersarealsooftenhurtinaccidentscausedbydrivinginaheavyrain.Ifyouareabeginner,itismuchsaferto」oinagroupforstorm-chasingvacationsduringthestormseason.Eventhen,stormchasingisnotalladventureandexcitement."stormchasingis95%driving,"saysDanielLynch,whospendsmostofhissu1111nerstormchasing."Sometimesyoucansitaroundforhourswaitingforsomethingtohappen,andallyougetisblueskyandafewlightshowers.However,forstormchasers,~-"Whenyougetclosetoastonn,itisthemostexcitingsightyouwilleverseeinyourlife,"saysJasperMorley."Everystormisanexampleofthepowerofnature.ItisthegreatestshowonEarth."(2006年安徽卷，A)1.Forstormchasers,thefirstthingstorn1chasersdoisto_.A.headstraightforthecenterofthestormB.getintothecarforsafetyC.waitpatientlyforthestormtodevelopD.collectinfonnationaboutacomingstorm2.Beginnersofstormchasingareadvised_.A.nottodriveinaheavyrainB.todoitinanorganizedwayC.nottogettooclosetoastormD.tospendmoretimeonitinsummer3.Bysaying"itisallworthit"inthelastparagraph,theauthormeansthat___.A.stonnchasingcostsalotofmoneyB.stormchasingisworthhoursofwaiting

53C.effortsinstonnchasingarewellpaidD.astormpresentthegreatestshowonEarth4.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Sometimesstormchasersgetnothingbutdisappointment.B.Manystormchasersgetkilledinthestorms.C.stormchasingisbecomingpopulararoundtheworld.D.Stormchasingisonlyfitforyoungpeople.（四）議論文Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyouranger.Butforgivenessispossible—anditcanbesurprisinglyhelpfultoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Indeed,researchhasshownthatpeoplewhoforgivereportmoreenergy,betterappetite（胃口）andbettersleeppatterns."Peoplewhoforgiveshowlessangerandmorehopefulness,"saysDrFrederieLuskin,whowrotethebookForgiveforGood."soitcanhelpsaveonthewearandtearonyoursystemandallowpeopletofeelenergetic."Sowhensomeonehashurtyou,calmyourselffirst.Takeacoupleofbreathsandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure;abeauti和Isceneinnatlire,someoneyoulove.Don'twaitforanapology."Manytimesthepersonwhohurtyoumayneverthinkofapologizing,"saysDrLuskin."Theymayhavewantedtohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsthesameway.Soifyouwaitforpeopletoapologize,youcouldbewaitingaverylongtime."Keepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarymeanacceptingtheactionofthepersonwhoupsetyou.Mentallygoingoveryourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhobroughtyoupain.Instead,learntolookforthelove,beautyandkindnessaroundyou.Finally,trytoseethingsfromtheotherperson'sperspective（視角）Youmayrealizethatheorshewasactingoutofignorance（無知）．（2004年全國卷I,C)1.Thetextmainlywrittentoexplain_.A.howtokeepyourselffrombeinghurtB.howtostaymentallyhealthyC.howandwhentoremaincalmD.whyandhowtopardonothers2.Accordingtothewriter,whatistherightwaytoclamdownafterbeinghurt?A.Trytofigureoutwhyyougethurt.B.Writealettertothepersonwhohurtyou.C.Persuadeyourselftoacceptwhatothershavedonetoyou.D.Thinkaboutpleasantthingsandforgetaboutthehurt3.DrLuskinadvisesusnottowaitforanapologyafterbeinghurtbecause_.A.wearenotpatientenoughB.we'dfeelworseacceptingothers'apologyC.peopleseldomwanttoapologizeD.peopledon'tmeanitwhentheyapologize2Lackofparentwillpowermaycontributeto~thanunder-exercisingoroverweighting.Researchsuggeststhathavingoverweightparentsisabiginfluence（影響）uponchild'sweight,withonestt1dyfindingthatchildrenwithoverweightparentswerefourtimesmoreliketobeoverweightthemselves.Thefindingsaddtoanalreadyfiercedebate（激烈的）overchildhoodobesity.ThePrimeMinister,JohnHoward,lastweekdecidedthat$116millionbeusedforprogramstodealwithobesity,whiletheoppositionleader,MarkLatham,recentlyannouncedthathispartywouldmovetoprotectchildrenfromunhealthyfoodadvertisement.ClareCollins,aseniorlecttirerattheUniversityofNewcastle,believedsuchprogramwilldefinitelyfailunlesstheyinfluencethewayoflifeofwholefamilies."Ifwecan'tgetparentstotakeactionagainsttheirownweightproblems,thenwecan'texpecttoinfluencethe訂伈ds."Shesaid.However,ProfessorLouiseBaurfromtheChildren'sHospitalatWestmead,doubtswhetheradulteducationprogramsofferanysolutiontoweightproblems."Manyparentsknowtheyneedtoloseweightandthey妞owitinfluencethe"幻ds,buttheylackthewillpowertodoanythingaboutit."TheI0-yearstudyof150Americanchildrenfoundtwothirdsofchildrenwithoverweightparentbecameoverweight.OnlyoneinsixchildrenwhoseparentswereofaverageweightbecameoverweightThepresidentoftheAustralianSocietyfortheStudyofObesity,AssociateProfessorGaryWitter,saidparentsneededhelpingdoingthe訂jobandtheOppositionParty'spolicy（政策）皿ghtbeontherighttrack."Weknowthat如vingwithoutaseatbeltisunsafe,sowemakelawagainstit,"hesa過“Obesityisamajorpublichealthconcern,sowhyshouldn'twechangethelawregardingunhealthyfoodads."(2005年天津卷，B)I.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"juvenileobesity"mean?A.Adulteducation.B.Childhoodoverweight.C.Parents'influenceD.Growingpains.2.WhatisTRUEabouttheprogramssupportedbythePrimeMinister?A.Debatesonthemwillbecomelessfierce.B.Theywillbeeffectiveindealingwithobesity.

54C.Alargesumofmoneywillbespentonthem.D.Theywillinfluencepeople'slife.3.BothCollinsandBaurbelievethatoverweightparents_.A.willcomeupwithbettersolutionsB.willhelpwiththeirchildren'seducationC.shouldbemoreactiveinreducingweightD.shouldcarryoutatleast10years'study4.Accordingtosomeexperts,theOppositionParty'spolicyA.canhelpfightagainstunemploymentB.mayprotectkidsfromunhealthyfoodC.shouldbebroughtbacktotherighttrackD.willworkwelltopreventtrafficaccidents3AnenvironmentalgroupcalledtheFoodConunissionisunhappyanddisappointedbecauseofthesaleofbottledwaterfromJapan.Thewater,itangrilyargi1esinpublic,hastt·aveled10,000"foodmiles"beforeitreachesWesterncustomers."Transportwaterhalf-wayacrosstheworldissurelytheextremelystupiduseoffuelwhenthereisplentyofwaterintheUK."Itisalsoworriedthatwearewastingourfuelbybuyingprawns（對蝦）fromIndonesia(7,000foodmiles)andcarrotsfromSouthAfrica(5,900foodmiles)Countingthenumberofmilestraveledbyaproductisastrangewayoftryingtotellthetruesituationoftheenvironmentaldamagedonebyanindustry.Mostfoodistransportedaroundtheworldoncontainershipsthatareextremelyenergy-efficient（高能效的）．Itshouldbenotedthatatonofbuttertransported25血Jesinatrucktoafaru記r'smarketdoesnotnecessarilyuselessfuelonitsjourneythanasimilarproducttransportedhundredofmilesbysea.Besides,theideaof"food皿les"ignorestheamountoffuelusedintheproduction.ItispossibletocutdownyourfoodmilesbybuyingtomatoesgrowninBritainratherthanthosegrowninGhana;thedifferenceisthattheBritishoneswillhavebeenraisedinheatedgree咄ousesandtheGhanaianonesintheopensun.Whattheideaof"food而les"doesprovide,however,isthechancetocutoutThirdWorldcountriesfromFirstWorldfoodmarkets.Thenumberofmilestraveledbyourfoodshould,asIseeit,beregardedasasignofthesuccessoftheglobal（全球的）tradesystem,notasignofdamagetotheenvironment.(2006年湖北卷，D)1.TheFoodCommissionisangrybecauseitthinksthat_.A.UKwastesalotofmoneyimportingfoodproductsB.someimportedgoodscauseenvironmentaldamagesC.growingcertainvegetablesdamagestheenviromnentD.peoplewasteenergybuyingfoodfromothercountries2.Thephrase"foodmiles"inthepassagereferstothedistance_.A.thatafoodproducttravelstoamarketB.thatafoodproducttravelsfromonemarkettoanotherC.betweenUKandotherfoodproducingcountiesD.betweenaThirdWorldcountryandaFirstWorldCountry3.BycomparingtomatoesraisedinBritainandinGhana,theauthortriestoexplainthat_.A.BritishtomatoesarehealthierthanGhanaianones8.GhanaiantomatoestastebetterthanBritishonesC.cuttingdownfoodmilesmaynotnecessarysavefuelD.protectingtheenvironmentmaycostalotofmoney4.Fromthepassageweknowthattheauthorismostprobably_.A.asupporteroffreeglobaltradeB.amemberoftheFoodConunissionC.asupporterifFirstWorldfoodmarketD.amemberofanenergydevelopmentgroup4Haveyoueverreceivedagiftthatwassoclearlynotyourtastethatyouwonderedifperhapsithadbeenhandedtoyoubymistake?Worse,haveyouevergivenapresentandwatchedyourfriendlookasthoughshehadopenedthewrongbox?Maybesherespondedwithapolite"thankyou,"butyouknewvouhadmISSedthemarK.Whydopresentssometimesgowrong?Andwhatdoyourchoices(goodandbad)reflectaboutyourpersonalqualities?Choosingtherightgiftisanart,Ibelieve.Itcallsforempathy—theabilitytoputyourselfintosomeoneelse'sheadandheart.We'reallabletodothis;infact,we'rebornwithakindofnaturalempathy.Aftertheearliestperiodofchildhood,however,itneedstobereinforced（加強(qiáng)）—byourparents,teachers,friends.Whenitisn't,we'renotabletounderstandotherpeople'sfeelingsassharply.Thiscanshowinthegirlsweselect,andsocanmanyotheremotional（情感的）qualitiesThinkbacktothepresentsyou'vegivenoverthepastyear,thetimeandeffortyouputintoyourselection,howmuchyouspent,yourthoughtswhileyouwereshopping,andyourfeelingswhenthereceiveropenedthepackage.Keepinmindthatwhatyouchoosedisplaysyour皿erworld.Ofcourse,youmayexpressyourselfdifferentlywithdifferentfriends,relatives,andotherpeopleyouknow.Weliveinasocietywhereexchangingpresentsisanimportantpartofcommunication.Ignoringthetraditionwon'tmakeitgoaway.Ifyoureallydislikesuchatradition,tellyour和endsaheadoftime.(2006年湖北卷，B)I.Theunderlinedexpression"youhadmissedthemark"means"youhadfailedto

55A.makeherfeelbetterB.keepyourfriendshipC.receiveapresentIreturnD.gettheexpectedeffect2.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?ANaturalempathyneedstobereinforcedB.Emotionalchangesinfluenceone'schoiceofgiftsC.Selectingtherightgiftisanabilitypeoplearebornwith.D.Choosinggiftsrequiresonetounderstandthereceivers3.I.nthethirdparagraph,theauthortellsusthat_.A.attentionshouldbepaidtothereceiver'sresponsesB.onelearnsfromwhathedidinthepastC.thechoiceofgiftsreflectsone'semotionalqualitiesD.oneshouldspendmoretimechoosinggifts4.Thebestpossibletitleforthispassageis"_".A.WaysofChoosingGiftsB.AnImportantTraditionC.ExchangingPresentsD.MessageinaGift5Parentsoftenbelievethattheyhaveagoodrelationshipwiththe訂teenagers（青少年）．Butlastswnrner,JoannaandHenrynoticedachangeinthe訂oldestson;suddenlyheseemedbetalkingfarmoretohisfriendsthantohisparents."Thedoortohisroomisalwaysshut,"Joannanoted.TinaandMarknoticedsimilarchangesintheir14-year-olddaughter."Sheusedtocuddleup（螅伏）withmeonthesofaandtalk,"saidMark."Nowwejokethatshedoesthisonlywhenshewantssomething.Sometimesshewantstobetreatedlikealittlegirlandsometimeslikeayounglady.Theproblemisfiguringoutwhichiswhich."Beforeage11,childrenliketotelltheirparentswhat'sontheirminds."Infact,parentsarefirstonthelist,"saidMichaelRiera,authorofUncommonSenseforParentswithTeenagers."Thiscompletelychangesduringthet~nyears,“伈eraexplained.“Theytalktotheirfr1endsf訂St,thenmaybetheirteachers,andtheirparentslast.“Parentswhoknowwhat'sgoingonintheirteenagers'livesareinthebestpositiontohelpthem.Tobreakdownthewallofsilence,parentsshouldcreatechancestounderstandwhattheirchildrenwanttosay,andtryto伽dwaystotalkandwritetothem.Andtheymustgivetheir啦ldrenamentalbreak,forchildrenalsoneedfreedom,thoughyoung.Another如ngparentsshouldrememberisthattobeafriend,notamanager,withtheirchildrenisabetterwaytoknowthem.(2004年遼寧卷A)1."Thedoortohisroomisalwaysshut"suggestthattheson_.A.isalwaysbusywithhisst1.1diesB.doesn'twanttobedist1.1rbedC.keepshimselfawayfromhisparentsD.beginstodislikehisparents2.WhattroublesTinaandMarkmostisthatA.theirdaughterisn'taslovelyasbeforeB.theycan'treadthe訂daughter'smindexactlyC.theydon'tknowwhattosaytotheirdaughterD.theirdaughtertalkswiththemonlywhensheneedshelp3.Whichoftbefollowingbestexplains"thewallofsilence"inthelastparagraph?A.Teenagerstalkalotwiththeirfriends.B.Teenagersdonotwanttounderstandtheirparents.C.Teenagersdonottalkmuchwiththeirparents.D.Teenagerstalklittleabouttheirownlives.4.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Parentsareunhappywiththeirgrowingchildren.B.ParentshavesuitablewaystotalkwiththeirteenagersC.Parentsshouldbepatientwiththeirsilentteenagers.D.Parentsshouldtrytounderstandtheirteenagers（五）閱讀填空LOneofthebestthingsyoucanpossiblydoistostartyourownclub.It'sgreatfunespeciallyifyou'rethesortofpersonwhofeelsthere'sneveranythingtododuringtheschoolholidays.Thefirstthingyouneedtocomeupwithisanideaforyourclub._LPets,clothes,popmusicordancinggroups,sports,makingthings?Thelistisendless.Nextyouneedsome和endstobeinyourclubwithyou._l_Allyouneedisthreeorfourotherpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamethingsasyou.LYoushouldallsitdownsomewheretogetherwithlotsofpiecesofpaperandwritedowneverynameyoucanthinkup.That'llkeepyoubusyforagesAtyourfirstmeetingyoushouldmakeuparulebook.Andtheveryfirstruleshouldbenogrown-upsorlittle/bigbrothers/sisters!Thebestclubsarealwayssecret!Nowyouhaveabouteverythingyouneed,exceptmembershipcards.Theseareveryimportantandagainyoucanspendalotoftimemakingthem.---2_Whynotleavesomespaceforaphotoofyourself?Thatwillmakethemembershipcardreallylooklikeit.(2007年寧夏／海南高考卷閱讀填空題）

56Sothereyouare,getclubbing!Onceyougetstartedyou'llthinkofloadsofmoreinterestingthingstodo!A.That'seasy.B.Enjoyyourownclub!C.Inviteadesignertojoinyou.D.Whatareyouinterestedin?E.Summervacationisjustaroundthecomer.F.Thenyouneedtopickanameforyourclub.G.Usebrightthickpenstomakeaspecialdesign2Youngpeoplefromaroundtheworldtalkto',C/1ildren'sExpress"abouttheirlifeinEnglandaftermovingfromtheircountries.I._Rodjin,10,franMylifeisdifferentfromthatwhenIlivedinIran.Iusedtowearthingsthatcoveredfromheadtoankle（腳踩）．Jwasnotallowedtoshowmyhairandcouldonlywearverylittlemake-upandnonailvanish（指甲油）．Wehadtogotoseparateschoolsfromtheboys.HereIamfreeandcangowhereverandwearwhateverIwant.Ilikelivinghereverymuch.2..Oscar,11,BoliviaWhenIarrivedhereIfoundagoodcountrybutitwassadtoleavemyfamilybehind.TheschoolinEnglandisdifferentfromtheoneIwenttoinmycountrybecausetherewewereatschoolfrom8upto12,andhereit'sup9upto13.lfThadachoicetoliveanywhereintheworld,itwouldbetheUnitedStatesbecauseit'sniceandbig.3.Ali,12,IranIleftmyowncountrybecausemydadandmymumtoldmewecouldcomehereforaholidayandwemightstayhere.Imissmycountry.Iloveher.IwouldliveanywhereintheworldaslongasIcouldlivewithmyfamily.Wearealwayshappytogether.4..Shervin,15,IranIcamewithmymumandmysister.Thehousesherearetoosmallforus.Thefoodherelooksbetter,butinmycountryittastesbetter.Iwasfreeinmyowncountrythanhere—it'swomenthatarenotfree.IlefthomebecausemyfamilyarethinkingaboutmyfutureandIwanttogetahighereducation.5.——-Johann,16,CzechRepublicWhenIarrivedinEnglandsixmonthsago,Icouldn'tspeakEnglishatall.Ifoundithardtogotoschool.SoIwenttoaspecialschoolhere.It'sverynice.Myteachersandschoolmateswereallfriendlytome.NowIhavemadegreatprogresswithmyEnglish.I'lltrybesttobeagoodstudent.A.Livingwithmyfamilyismostimportantforme.B.I'mthinkingofbringingmyfamilyhere.C.I'mquitesatisfiedwithmylifehere.D.IbelieveI'lldowellinEngland.E.ActuallyI'mnotusedtolivinginEngland.F.Idon'tliketoliveinEnglandanymore.3!_.Theyhaveastrongneedtomakedecisions,managetheirenvironment,andleadratherthanfollow.StephenJackson,aYearOnestudent,"operatesunderthetheoryofwhat'smineismineandwhat'syoursismine,"sayshismother."TheotherdayIboughttwonewStarWarslightsabers（劍）．Later,IsawStephenwiththetwonewoneswhilehisbrotherwasusingthebeat-upones.""Examinetheextendedfamily,andyou'llprobablyfindabossygrandparent,aunt,uncleorcousinineverygeneration.二＇＇saysRussellBarkley,aprofessorattheMedicalUniversityofSouthCarolina.Otherchildrenwhomaynotbeparticularlybossycangraduallygaindominance（支配地位）whentheysensethe江parentsareweak,hesitant,orindisagreementwitheachother.Whetherit'sinbornnatureordevelopedcharacteratwork,toomuchcontrolinthehandsoftheyoungisn'thealthyforchildt·enorthefamily.Fearisattherootofalotofbossybehavior,saysfamilypsychologistJohnTaylor.Children,hesaysinhisbookFromDefiancetoCooperation,"havesecretfeelingsofweakness"and"adesiretofeelsafe."3.Whena"bosschild"doesn'tlearnlimitsathome,thestageissetforahostoftroublesoutsidethefamily.Theoverlywillfulandunbendingchildmayhavetroubleobeyingteachersorcoaches,forexample,ortroublekeepingfriends._±_.

57"Iseemoreandmoreparentsgivinguptheirpower,"saysBarkley,whohasstudiedbossybehaviorformorethan30years."_2_.Buttheyalsofelllessconfidentaboutthe訂parentings灼lls.The訂伈ds,intum,feelmoreanxious.A.Somechildrenarenatural-bornbosses.B.Itcanbeprettylonelyasthetopdogifnoonelikesyourbossyways.C.Parentsoftenshowtoomuchlovetotheirchildren.D.Theybendtoofarbecausetheydon'twanttobeasstrictastheirownparentswere.E.Childrenrarelyfeelsafebothatschoolandathome.F.It'stheparents'roletoprovidethatprotectionG.It'saninheritabletrait.4_L_.Itisusedtoprovideprotectionfromtheelements.ltalsoisworntopreventothersfromseeingspecificpartsofone'sbody.However,thepartsofthebodythatmustbecoveredvarywidelythroughouttheworld.Someclothingisworntoprovidesupematt1ralprotection.Wearingaluckyshirttotakeanexamiscallingforsupernaturalassistance.—之＿．InNorthAmerica,wedressdifferentlyforbusinessandvariousleisureactivities.No1thAmericanwomenusuallyaremuchmoreknowledgeableofandconcernedwithlittledifferenceinmessagescommunicatedbyclothesthanaremen.Attimes,thisleadstosillymistakesofinterpretationoffemaleintentionsonthepartofmen.3.Longbeforewearenearenoughtotalktosomeone,theirappearancetellstheirgender,age,economicclass,andoftenevenintentions.Webegintorecognizetheimportantculturalcluesatanearlyage.Thevocabularyofdressthatwelearnincludesnotonlyitemsofclothingbutalsohairstyles,jewelry,andotherbodydecoration.Inmostcultures,however,thesamestyleofdresscommunicatesdifferentmessagesdependingontheage,gender,andphysicalappearanceoftheindividualwearingit..4..Thiscanbethecasewithadoctor'swhitelabcoat,oranarmyuniform.Mostuniformsareclearlysymbolicsothattheycanrapidlyandunmistakablycommunicatestatus.Forinstance,thestrangehairstyleandclothingoftheEnglish"punkers"areessentialaspectsoftheiruniforms.i_.Theseincludebodyandhairpaint,andevenbodydeformation.Whendoctorsputbracesonteeth,theyareactuallydoingthesamething----deformingorreformingapartofthebodytomakeitmoreattractive.A.Therearemanyformsofbodydecorationotherthanclothesthatareusedaroundtheworldtosendmessages.B.Appearanceandclothingarecloselyrelated.C.Throughouttheworld,clothinghasmanyuses.D.Ofcourse,clothingstylesalsoareintendedtocommunicatemessagestomembersofthesamegender（性另1J).E.Wearingwhiteclothesisconsideredpureandnobleinsomecultures.F.Peopleinallculturesuseclothingandotherfotmsofbodilydecorationtocommm1icatestatus,intentions,andothermessages.G.Puttingoncertaintypesofclothingcanchangeyourbehaviorandthebehaviorofotherstowardsyou.5___L_Progressinthisdirectionisslowbecauseshootingisnotasportforwatching,andonlythosefewwhotakepartrealizethecrueltyanddestruction.Thenumberofguns,however,growsrapidly.Childrentooyoungtodevelopproperjudgmentsthroughindependentthoughtareledalongwayawaybytheirgu血ingparents.Theyaresubjectedtoadvertisementofgunproducerswhodescribeshootingasgoodfortheirhealthandgun-can·yingasawayofputtingredderbloodintheveins（血管）．LInschooltheyviewmotionpictureswhicharesupposedlymeanttoteachthemhowtodealwithannssafelybutwhichareacti.iallydesignedtostimulateadesiretoownagun.Wildlifeisdisappearingbecauseofshootingandbecauseofthelossofwild-landhabitat.Habitatlosswillcontinuewithourincreasingpopulation,butcanweslowthelossofwildlifecausedbyshooting?_JWildlifebelongstoeveryoneandnottothegunnersalone.Althoughmostpeopledonotshoot,theyseemtoforgive（原諒）shootingforsportbecausetheyknowlittleornothingaboutit.__i._Now,itistimetorealizethatanimalshavethesamerighttolifeaswedoandthatthereisnothingfairorrightaboutapersonwithagw1shootingtheharmlessandbeautifulcreatures.Thegwmersliketodescribewhattheydoascharacter-building,butweknowthattowoundananimalandwatchitgothroughtheagony（死的痛苦）

58ofdyingcanmakenobodyhappy.----2A.If,astheywouldhaveyoubelieve,gun-carryingandkillingimprovehumancharacter,thenperhapsweshouldencouragewar.B.Theonlyanswer,then,istobringthetruthaboutsportshootingtothegreatmajorityofpeople.C.Theyareforbiddentousegunsbecausetheyaretooyoung.D.Theyarepersuadedbygunnermagazineswithstorieshonoringthechase（追逐）andthekill.E.Everyyearmorepeoplerecognizethatitiswrongtok仆1wildlifefor"sport"F.People,howeverdon'tpaymuchattentiontowildlife.G.Theredoesn'tseemtobeanychanceiftheseriousconditionofourbirdsisnotimproved.6L-AsBerraoncesaid,"You'vegottobeverycarefulifyouknowwhereyouaregoing,becauseyoumightnotgetthere."Toomanypeoplewanderttu·oughlifelikesleepwalkers.Eachdaytheyfollowfamiliarroutines,neverasking,"WhatamIdoingwithmylife?"andtheydon'tknowwhattheyaredoingbecausetheylackgoalsL.Beginwithaclearideaofwhatyouwant.Writedownyourgoalsanddatethem—puttingthemintowordsclarifyingthem.Ratherthanconcentratingonobjectstoacquireandpossess,focusonfulfilling（實(shí)現(xiàn)）yourdesirestodo,toproduce,tocontribute—goal-settingthatyieldsthetniesenseofsatisfactionweallneed.L-Whilelosersvisualize（設(shè)想）thepenalties（不利）offailure,winnersvisualizetherewardsofsuccess.I'veseenitamongathletes,entrepreneursandpublicspeakers.I'vedoneitmyself.IwasterrifiedofairtravelFriendsquoted（引用）statisticscontrastingairandhighwaysafety,butitmadenodifference.Ihadreadtoomanyarticlesdescribingcrashsenseandimaginedthesethingsvividly.Ihadcautionedmyself,withoutrealizingit,tostayoffplanes.Thenonesummer[hadtheopportunitytoflyonaprivateplanewithfriendstoaresort;__±_.SorspenttwoweeksimagineasmoothflightonabeautifulsunnydayandaneasylandingWhenthedayarrived,Iwaseagertogo.Toeveryone'ssurprise,__2_,andIstillusethetechniquesIemployedthatday.A.ThefirstthingforyoutodoistofindtherightmethodsB.Goal-settingisfocusingonthewilltomoveinacertaindirection.C.Ididn'twanttomissout（遺漏）onthegreatvocation.D.Concentratingonthingsyouwanttopossess.E.Thequest（尋求）forsuccessalwaysbeginswithatarget.F.IgotontheplaneandIlovedeveryminuteofit.G.It'ssiimportanttovisualizeyourselfaccomplishingyourgoal.L.Doyoulikeyellow,orange,orred?Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.Doyouprefergraysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.Youtendtobeapessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolourpreference,aswellastheeffectthatcolourshaveonhumanbeings._L.Ifyouhappentolovebro\vn,youdidso,assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.l_.Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheetfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.___±_.AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicides(自殺）thananyotherbridgeinthearea—untilitwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply.Perhapsitwouldhavefallenevenmoreifthebridgehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.L.Itisanestablishedfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgreyA.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.B.Theytellus,amongotherfacts,thatwedonotchooseourfavouritecolouraswegrowup—wearebornwithourpreference.C.Theroomsarepaintedindifferentcoloursasyoulike.D.Whatisyourfavouritecolour?E.Lightandbrightcoloursmakepeoplenotonlyhappierbutmoreactive.F.Lifeislikeapictureorapoem,fullofdifferentcolours.

59G.Coloursdoinfluenceourmoods—thereisnodoubtaboutit.8_L_.Manypeoplethinkthatinthefuturecomputerswillbeusedinlotsofeverydaylife.Itisthoughtthatwewon'thavetogoshoppingbecausewewillbeabletogetmostthingswhicharesoldinshopsontheInternet.Therewillbenomorebooksbecausewewillbeabletogetalltextsfromcomputers.TheInternetwillbeusedtoplaygames,seefilmsandbuyfood.Mosttelephonecallswillbemadebycomputers,too.L-Othersdonotthinkthatcomputerswillreplaceouroldways.Let'slookatbooks,forexample.Somepeoplethinkthatonedaywewillnotreadbooksmadeofpaper江．Wewillreadtextsonsmallpocketcomputers.Thecomputerswillkeepmanydifferentbooksinthematthesametime.Wewon'tneedtoturnlotsofpagesandpaperwillbesaved.Computerizedbookswillbeusedmoreandmore.___.1_.Manypeoplesayitisnot.Itisalsounlikelythatmanypeoplewillwanttoreadlargetextsonourcomputers._____2_.A.IsInternetshoppingsuchapleasureasgoingtotheshop?B.Instead,wewillbuyandreadbooksusingcomputersC.Becausepaperbookswillperhapsbemorefriendly.Maybecomputerswon'tchangethesetwohabitsD.SomepeoplearegladaboutthosenewwaysofshoppingandcommunicatingE.Maybewewillusecomputersmoreandmoreofteninourdailylife.F.Computersareveryimportanttomodemlife.G.SowehavetoadmitthatInternetshoppingwillnotbesoconvenientastraditionalshopping.9Hollywoodmoviesareregularlyfilledwithsexandviolence.Theycanbeexcitingfilmsbutsometimesallyouwantisalittlelight-heartedentertainment.I._HaveyoubeardofBollywood?Allsinging,alldancingandunrealistic,itistheperfectalternativetononnalHollywoodmovies.BollywoodistheIndianfilmindustry,basedonMumbai,alsoknownasBombay.MostChineseschoolkidshaveprobablyneverseenanIndianfilm.YetBollywoodisthelargestproduceroffilmsintheworld.ThisyeartheIndianF郵gareAwards,BollywoodOscars,tum50yearsold.2._ThetypicalBollywoodmovieusuallybasthefollowingingredients:acupofromance,atea.-spoonofcomedy,adashofinternationalsightseeing,servedwithahugesliceofsinginganddancing.Therewillalsobeonebravehero,onebeautifulheroineandonebaddie（壞人，尤指電影中的惡人）．Theresultisfun-filledmusical.3._Thereisneveranymentionofpolitics,povertyorwar.Theactorschangeclothesandlocationswithinasinglesong.Buttheaudiencedon'tmind.ToIndianmovielovers,especiallythepoor,suchfiln1saregatewaytoheavenandthestarsaretheirgods.The印mstakethemtoamagicalworldawayfromthe訂everydaytroubles.Thefilmstellthemtheimpossibleispossibleandthattrueloveconquersall.4._Behindthebeautifulscenes,Bollywoodstillemphasizestraditionalfamilyvalues.Inmostfilms,iftwoloverswanttobreakanarrangedmarriage,theycan't」ustrunaway.Theymustwinovertheirparents.5._Soifyou'retiredofthatHollywoodactions,checkoutthefollowingBollywoodfilms.Theywilltakeyoutoabrighter,cheerierandmorecolourfulworld,whereit'sstillcooltodancearoundatreeandsingalovesong.A.Obviously,trad山onalfamilyvaluesareintroducedintoBollywoodmoviesB.Despitenotbeingsowell-knownasHollywood,Bollywoodproducesmorefilmsthananyotherfilmmakers.C.Enoughlight-heartedthingsarefoundinBollywoodfilms,whichmakepeoplefeelfreeofdailyworries.D.BollywoodfilmstendtorelaxpeoplewhileHollywoodfilmsare和11offorceandviolence.E.Bollywoodhasgraduallywonitsrecognitionintheworld.F.Entertainn1entssuchascomic（喜劇的）romancewithamusingmusicaretheusualcharactersofBollywoodfilms.10Howtomanageyourtime1._Asyougetolder,youwillhavemorerespons伽lities.Youwillfinditeasiertosucceedifyoulearntomanageyourtimewell.PlanbytbesemesterWritedownmajorduedatesonyourcalendar.Estimatehowlongitwilltaketodoeachproject.Allow

60yourselfmoretimethanyouthinkyouwillreallyneed.Makeamasterschedulewhichshouldincludethefollowingactivities:—allrequiredschoolactivities—workschedule—afters-choolactivities—blankspacesforunknownactivitiesAmasterschedulecanhelpyoukeeptrackofallthethingsthatyouneedtodo.Ifyouknowwhatyouhavetodoandwhenyouneedtodoit,youcanpreparebettertomeetdeadlines.2.Planwhentodoallyourtasksfortheweek.Scheduletimetostudyfortests,readyourtextbooks,writepapers,gotowork,beatmeetings.Leaveenoughtimeforyourchores（家務(wù)）andhouseholdduties3.Makea"todo"listthenightbeforeorthefirstthinginthemorning.Ifyouwritedownwhatyouneedtodo,yourmindwillbefreetostudy.Youwon'tworryandspendtimethinkingaboutwhatyouhavetodonext.4.Useitforafewweeks,thenaskyourselfsomequestions.Areyougettingyourschoolworkdoneontime?Areyougettingmorethingsdone?Doyoufeelyouhavecontrolofyourtime?Yes?ThenyournewscheduleisworkingwellNo?Thenyoushouldlookatyourscheduletoseehowitcanbeimproved.Thenthefollowingthingsmayhelpyou.5.Breakthebigtasksdownuntiltheyaresmallenoughthatyoufeelyouknowabouthowlongitwilltaketocompletethem.Thenfitthemintoyourschedule.FollowyourschedulecloselyEvenawell-plannedschedulecan'thelpyouifyoudon'tfollowitA.SeehowwellyournewscheduleworksB.PlanbytheweekC.CutoutwastedtimeD.OrganizealongassignmentE.Itisveryimportanttomanageyourtimewisely.F.Planeachday三、短文改錯題解題策略與技巧（一）考查方向短文該錯的設(shè)錯題一般有兩類：語法錯誤和邏輯錯誤。語法錯誤包括詞法錯誤和句法錯誤，如：冠詞、介詞、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、主謂一致、形容詞、副詞、代詞、連詞和語義重復(fù)等方面；邏輯錯誤涉及整體理解、語言運(yùn)用和邏輯推理判斷。2007年寧夏／海南高考英語試卷中的短文該錯題做了調(diào)整，把原來設(shè)題短文由10行調(diào)整為7-8行，由原來的10行9錯調(diào)整為共有10處錯誤，每句最多有兩處錯誤，取消了原來找出正確的一行，這些調(diào)整都體現(xiàn)了更多的新意和合理性：一是更加符合寫作時(shí)出現(xiàn)錯誤的客觀規(guī)律；二是在試題導(dǎo)語中加入說明“假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的作文?！边@就說明短文該錯的宗旨就是針對我們中國學(xué)生在英語寫作中常見的尤其是“中國式英語“錯誤而設(shè)計(jì)的．（二）備考策略1.牢固掌握語法知識，建立清晰的語法框架在高三學(xué)習(xí)中，要把主要語法知識復(fù)習(xí)透徹，尤其對各種詞類的句法作用做到了如指掌。只有把語法知識的清晰框架結(jié)構(gòu)建立起來，才能在做短文該錯時(shí)思路清晰，切中考點(diǎn)。2.書面表達(dá)與短文該錯相結(jié)合在書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練中一定要提高運(yùn)用語言的準(zhǔn)確性。寫完不要等老師批改，先把自己的習(xí)作當(dāng)作一篇短文該錯來修改，看看時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用是否得當(dāng)，詞類應(yīng)用是否正確，名詞的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)是否有誤等。（三）做題技巧1.瀏覽全文，掌握大意通讀短文，把握全篇主旨，弄清上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。有時(shí)孤立地分析某個(gè)句子，其結(jié)構(gòu)正確、語義通順，無錯可改，但如果聯(lián)系上下文，便會發(fā)現(xiàn)有的句子中有不合邏輯的地方，須作出改正。

612.反復(fù)閱讀，逐句找錯讀懂文章后，要逐句分析在句法、語法、行文邏輯方面是否有錯。具體注意以下幾點(diǎn)：(1)整篇文章的語態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)是否前后一致。(2)名詞的數(shù)與格，名詞前該不該用冠詞，用什么冠詞。(3)習(xí)慣用語、固定搭亂是否完整，有無缺少或多余介詞、副詞現(xiàn)象。(4)非謂語動詞的形式運(yùn)用是否正確。(5)并列復(fù)合句中的連詞運(yùn)用是否正確。(6)主從復(fù)合句中的關(guān)系代詞／副詞、從屬連詞／代詞、副詞的運(yùn)用是否正確；主從復(fù)合句中的定語從句、名詞從句、狀語從句的形式及運(yùn)用是否正確。(7)代詞的運(yùn)用與結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確，尤其是人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞以及it作形式主語／賓語的用法是否正確。(8)形容詞、副詞的用法，包括形容詞／副詞的比較級、最高級的用法是否正確。3.由易到難，各個(gè)擊破改錯要從最簡單熟悉的項(xiàng)目入手，先從語法角度入手，再從邏輯方面考慮，最后推敲難題。4.栓查核對，反復(fù)推敲最后反復(fù)瀏覽核對改后的全文，看全篇是否語義通順。要檢查是否完全按照短文改錯題型的要求和規(guī)范做題。IfirstmetLiMengatafriendbirthdaypartyfiveyearsago.ThenIinvitedLiMengoverinmyplace.WelistentomyCDstogetherandsoonbecamegoodfriends.Threeyearsago,LiMeng'sparentsinvitedItospendtwowonderfulweekinQingdaowiththemduringthesummerholiday.LiMengandIlovedwalkingalongthebeauti和Ilybeachesthere.LastyearIwasillbuthadtostayinhospitalforaweek.LiMengcameseemeeveryday.Then,herfatherhaschangedjobsandtheymovedtoanothercity.Sincethenwehaven'tseeeachothermuch,butwekeptwritingtoeachother.(2007年高考英語寧夏／海南卷）2Goodhealthisperson'smostvaluablepossession.Today,itismuchmoreeasiertobehealththanitisinthepast.Modempeopleknowmoreabouthealth,havebetterfood,andliveincleansurroundings.Also,scientistsanddoctorshadlearnedhowtodealmanydiseases.Mostpeoplecanquickgethelpfromadoctororgotoahospitalbecausetheyareill.Asaresult,peopleinthemodernworldgenerallylivemuchlongerthanpeopleinthepast.Peopleinindustrialcountriescanexpecttolivetwiceaslongeraspeoplewholivedafewhundredsyearago.3YesterdayIboughtnewcoatinashop,butIfounditsobigforme.Todaymorning,IwenttotheshopandchangethecoatIboughtyesterday.Butthesalesgirltreatedmecold.Firstly,shedi如'tadmitthatIboughtthecoatinhershop.Then,shesaidlmadeitbedirty.Solgotveryangryandquarreledwithhim,pointingtotherulesonthewall.Justthen,managerturnedup.Hesaidsorrytome.Atlasttheychangedotheroneforme.ThenIsaidgood-byetothemandtookthenewcoathomehappily.4JimGreen,isourEnglishteacher,hasbeeninChinaformorethan

62twoyears.HehasbeenmanyinterestingplaceinBeijing,buthehasnotyetbeentomanyotherpartsofChina.LastweekhegotoMountEmeiinSichuanProvincewithhisfamily.Manypeopleliketravelbyair,buttheirfamilythil11

63safer,too,thoughtheselittlecarscangoforonly65kilometersperhour.Buttheywillnotbeofanyuseforlongtrips.竺安仁］木一、單項(xiàng)填空題解題策略與技巧（一）動詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣IA2D3D4DSA6D7C8B9AlODllC12A13A14D15C16D17B19C20C21B22C23D24C25D26A27C28D29C30C31C32B33C（二）情態(tài)動詞1B2D3B4A5C6D7A8A9BJOAIIA12D13C（三）非謂語動詞］A2A3B4A50687A889AIOCIID12D13C14D15816817A18C19820A21C（四）動詞和短語動詞辨析lA2C3D4ASD6A7D8C9D!OB1lC12Dl3C14B!SB16B17B18A19D（五）從句IC2C3C4DSC6B7B8A9DIOC1IA12B13A14AlSD16A17C18D19D20B21D22D23A（六）名詞1B2A（七）形容詞和副詞ID2B3A4ASD6B7B8D9BlOAllC12C13B14C（八）代詞IB2A3B4ASD6C7D8C9BIOCIIB12A13C14A!SC（九）冠詞1B2C3B4ASC6D7B8B9D（十）介詞IC2B3D4BSC（十一）連詞IC2C3A4DSB6A7A8A9D（十二）倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)和其他句式IC2C3B4DSD6B7B（十三）情景交際1B2B3A4DSA6D7B8C9ClOAllB12A13A14BISD16D17D（十四）習(xí)慣用語和固定搭配1A2D3C4CSA二、完形填空題解題策略與技巧(-)2000年全國卷1-SDCACB6-10DBDAC11-lSBDBAC16-20DACAB21-2SACCDB（二）2000年北京、安徽卷1-SACBDA6-10CBADC11-lSDBCAB16-20DCBDA21-2SCABCD（三）2001年春季上海卷1-SDBCAD6-10CCDAD（四）2001年全國卷1-SBDCAB6-10DDCAB11-lSCBDBC16-20BCADA（五）2001年上海卷1-SBCCDA6-10BDACC（六）2002年北京卷1-SADBCD6-10ABCOAII-JSBACDB16-20CDABC（七）2002年春季北京、安徽、內(nèi)蒙卷1-SCABDB6-lOACDAC11-lSDABDC16-20ABDDB（八）2002年全國卷1-SCABDA6-10CDCAB11-1SDBCADBCAAD（九）2003年春季安傲卷1-SBCADC6-10ABBDCJ1-1SDBCBA16-20DACAD（十）2003年北京春季卷1-SDBABC6-10ACDAA11-lSCBACD16-20CABDD（十一）2003年北京卷1-SDABCC6-10ABCDD11-lSABACB16-20DDBCA（十二）2003年全國卷I-SCDCAD6-JOBADBC11-lSADBCA16-20CBADB（十三）2004年重慶卷1-SBADBC6-10AADAC11-ISABDAC16-20DBDBC（十四）2004年廣東卷1-SBCCAB6-10DCBABII-ISDBCCD16-20ABCDC(|］五）2004年春季上海卷1-SBADCA6-10BCDAC11-lSBAADB16-20BACDC（十六）2004年春季北京、安徽卷1-SBADAC6-10DACBD11-lSBCADB16-20ACDCB（十七）2004年全國卷l1-SAABOA6-IOBDDCBII-ISDCACB16-20ACDBD（十八）2004年全國卷ll1-SACDCA6-10BDBCBII-ISDACBB16-20DADCA（十九）2004年全國卷III1-SABDCA6-10BCBDA11-lSCBDCD16-20CABDC（二十）2004年全國卷IV1-SABCCB6-10ADADB11-1SACDBD16-20ACOBA（二十一）2004年遼寧卷1-SCACDA6-10BDBCB11-lSADADB16-20CBDCC（二十二）2004年上海卷1-SCDABD6-10ABACC（二十三）200S年全國卷l、ll1-SCDBCA6-10DBABC11-ISDAACD16-20BABDC（二十四）200S年全國卷Ill1-SBCDBA6-10CDABD11-lSCDBCA16-20CDABB（二十五）200S年上海卷1-SAADCA6-10BDCAB（二十六）2006年令出息I1-SCDCBA6-JOBDBCA11-ISDABCD16-20ABCDA（二十七）2006年令出息II1-SCADBA6-10CDABC11-1SDABDC16-20CBBAD（二十八）2006卑重疾息1-SDCBAD6-IOACBDDII-ISDA8CA16-20CBACC

64（二十九）2007斗尤考息I1-5CABAC6-10DCDBA11-15DACBC16-20BADDB（三十）2007年尤考息H1-5CABDA6-10DCBBC11-15DABCD16-20DACAB三、閱讀理解題解題策略與技巧（一）記敘文1CBACA2BDCBD3CCA4ACBD5DCABB6ACDD7CDBB（二）應(yīng)用文1BDAB2ADBAC3DCA4BDAC5BCDD6ACBD7BADO（三）說明文1BABA2ABCD3BADCC4BOCA5DCA6DBCA（四）議論文IDDC2BCCB3DACA4DDCD5CBCD（五）閱讀填空IEDAFG2CFAED3AGFBD4CFDGA5EDGBA6EBGCF7DBGAE8FDBAC9BFCADIOEBFAD四、短文該錯題解題策略與技巧1.IfirstmetLiMengata監(jiān)型birthdaypartyfiveyearsago.ThenIinvitedLiMengfriend's竿inmyplace.We監(jiān)型tomyCDstogetherandsoonbecamegoodfriends.Threetolistenedyearsago,LiMeng'sparentsinvitedItospendt\vowonderful皿吐inQingdaowithmeweeks（或awonderfulweek)themduringthesummerholiday.LiMengandIlovedwalkingalongthe~beautifulbeachesthere.LastyearIwasill皿hadtostayinhospitalforaweek.LiMengcameandAseemeeveryday.Then,herfather膽changedjobsandtheymovedtoanothercityto去掉hasSincethenwehaven't逕~eachothermuch,butwekeptwritingtoeachother.seen2.Goodhealthisflperson'smostvaluablepossession.Today,itismuchmore加a去掉moreeasiertobe監(jiān)幽thanit墜inthepast.Modempeopleknowmoreabouthealth,healthywashavebetterfood,andlivein細(xì)surroundings.Also,scientistsanddoctorscleaner國learnedhowtodealAmanydiseases.Mostpeoplecan型逑gethelphave加withquicklyfromadoctororgotoahospital~theyareill.Asaresult,peopleinthemodernwhenworldgenerallylivemuchlongerthanpeopleinthepast.Peopleinindustrialcountriescanexpecttolivetwiceasl!竿aspeoplewholivedafewhundredsyearagolong3.YesterdayIbought{

65ewcoatinashop,butIfound“泣bigforme.atooToQfil'.morning,Iwenttotheshopand~thecoatIboughtyesterday.ThischangedButthesalesg團(tuán)treatedmefQ!Q.Firstly,shedidn'tadmitthatIAboughtthecoldlyhadcoatinhershop.Then,shesaidIhadmadeit遠(yuǎn)dirty.SoIgotveryangryand去掉bequarreledwith垣皿pointingtotherulesonthewall.Justthen,Amanagerhertheturnedup.Hesaidsorrytome.Atlasttheychanged~oneformeanotherThenIsaidgood-byetothemandtookthenewcoathomehappily.

664.JimGreen,堅(jiān)ourEnglishteacher,hasbeeninChinaformorethan去掉istwoyears.HehasbeenAmanyinteresting旦罕inBeijing,buthehasnottoplacesyetbeentomanyotherpartsofChina.Lastweekhe型toMountEmeiwentinSicbuanProvincewithhisfamily.Manypeoplelike"travelbyair,to或travel改為travellingbut婦familythinkthattravelingbytrainisthebest.It'smuch婦hisbettercheaperandmoreenjoyablethanarnshedtripbyair.Hehada~trainwonderfulrideforChengdubeforetheywentonto匹MountEmeibybus.去掉the5.MybrotherTomwasveryselfishwhenhewasalittleboy.HedidnotwantAsharetothingswithotherpeople.Forexample,whenheboughtachocolatecake,heput婦itinasecretplace~Icouldn'tfind.Thenheateitallbyhimself.Heneverhelped叫呾which或在find后加itothersHesaidhei.§busy.Butthatwasonlyagameofte1mis"madehimverybusy.Hedidnotcarewaswhich或made改為makingif~hedidmadeothersangry.Forinstance,斗onenightheplayedstrongandsomethingat去掉拉壘musictillfouro'clockinthemorning.Butheis~now.Heoftenhelpsgrandmalouddifferentwiththehousework,helpsmomwithcookingandhelpshisclassmateswiththeirlessons.6.DearWangHong,It'smygreatpleasuretoinviteyoutovisi哩Beijing.Ihopeyou/\stayinthegreatcity去掉m力Owill或canduringtheSpringFestival,thatis，型皿February15thand20th.I'llprovideyou/\foodbetweenwithandhousing,andalsotripstosome蘆ofinterestinBeijing.During業(yè)且stayhereplacesyourwe'llgototheGreatWall,theForbiddenCity,BeihaiParkandtheSummerPalace.We'llalsoattend位aconcertandenjoytheBeijingOpera.Please籃methenumber去掉totellofyour旦型S:andthedateofyourarrival.I'llmeetyouattheCapitalA叮）ort.flightLookingforwardto~youagain.SeeingYoursZhangHua7.DearSir,Lastyearl酗arefrigeratorinyourstoreinChanganRoad.Weboughtalllike/\shapeoftherefrigerator.A叫recentlyIfindsomethingistheBut

67wrongwithit.ItbeginstomakenoisewhenitAturnedon.Atfi江stitis燦s或去隊(duì)tlowbut~it~louderandlouder.Tomakethemattergraduallybecomesworse,itevenstopsworkingsometimes.Weallfeeldisappointing.Iamdisappointedwritingyoutoaskforhelp.Wouldyoupleasesenda匹亞栓torepairman/personit?IwillAathomethisweekend.Pleasecallmebeforeyoucome!Qbe去掉tohere.Mytelephonenumberis66065531.Thankyouverymuch.8.TherearetwotypesofcarsAmaysomedaytakeAplaceoftoday'swhich/thatthebigcars.Ifallthepeopledrivesuchcarsinthefoture,therewillbe三pollutionintheair.TherewillalsobemorespaceforI1.畔lessparkingcarsinthecities,但thestreetswillbelesscrowded.Threesuchandcarscanfitthespacenow藍(lán)型byonecarofthe監(jiān)堅(jiān)監(jiān)size.neededusualThelittlecarswillcostmuchlesstoownanddrive.J;罕willbeDrivingsafer,too,也迅逞htheselittlecarscangoonly65位即ometersperbecause去掉forhour.Buttheywillnotbeofanyuseforlongtrips