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《project planning and control：cash flow forecasting》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在學(xué)術(shù)論文-天天文庫。
1、26CashflowforecastingIthasbeenstatedinChapter25thatitisveryeasytoconvertanetworkintoabarchart,especiallyifthedurationsandweek(orday)numbershavebeeninserted.Indeed,thegraph-icalmethodofanalysisactuallygeneratesthebarchartasitisdeveloped.Ifwenowdividethisbarchartintoanumberoftimeper
2、iods(say,weeksormonths)itispossibletosee,byaddingupvertically,whatworkhastobecarriedoutinanytimeperiod.Forexample,ifthetimeperiodisinmonths,theninanyparticularmonthwecanseethatonesectionisbeingexcavated,anotherisbeingconcretedandanotherisbeingscaffoldedandshuttered,etc.Fromthedesc
3、riptionwecanidentifytheworkandcanthenfindtheappropriaterate(ortotalcost)fromthebillsofquantities.Ifthetotalperiodofthatworktakessixweeksandwehaveusedupfourweeksinthetimeperiodunderconsideration,thenapproximatelytwo-thirdsofthevalueofthatoperationhasbeenperformedandcouldbecertifica
4、ted.BythisprocessitispossibletobuildupafairlyaccuratepictureofanticipatedexpenditureattheProjectPlanningandControlbeginningofthejob,whichinitselfmightwellaffectthewholetenderingpolicy.Providedthejobisonprogramme,thecashflowcanbecalculated,but,naturally,dueallowancemustbemadeforthe
5、differentmethodsandperiodsofretentions,billingandreimbursement.Thecostoftheoperationmustthereforebebrokendownintosixmainconstituents:Labour;Plant;Materialsandequipment;Subcontracts;Siteestablishment;Overheadsandprofit.Bydrawingupatableofthemainoperationsasshownonthenetwork,andspli
6、ttingupthecostoftheseoperations(oractivities)intothesixconstituents,itispossibletocalculatetheaveragepercentagethateachconstituentcontainsinrelationtothevalue.Itisveryimportant,however,todeductthevaluesofthesubcontractsfromanyoperationandtreatthesesubcontractsseparately.Thereasonf
7、orthisis,ofcourse,thatasubcontractisself-containedandisoftenofaspecializednature.Tobreakupasubcontractintolabour,plant,materials,etc.wouldnotonlybeverydifficult(sincethisistheprerogativeofthesubcontractor)butwouldalsoseriouslydistortthetruedistributionoftheremainderoftheproject.Ex
8、ampleofcashflowforecastingThesimp
