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1、RhetoricDevices:(修辭)(StylisticDevices,FiguresofSpeech)1.Alliteration:（頭韻）(repetitionofinitialconsonantsound:Theinitialconsonantsoundisusuallyrepeatedintwoneighbouringwords(sometimesalsoinwordsthatarenotnexttoeachother).Alliterationdrawsattentiontothephrase
2、andisoftenusedforemphasis.Examples:1）.forthegreatergoodof…2）.safetyandsecurity….3）.shareacontinentbutnotacountryRepetitionofinitialconsonantsoundsmeansthatonlythesoundmustbethesame,nottheconsonantsthemselves.Examples:1）.killercommand….2）.fantasticphilosoph
3、y….3）Aneatknotneednotbere-knotted.Ifneighbouringwordsstartwiththesameconsonantbuthaveadifferentinitialsound,thewordsarenotalliterated.Examples:1）.aCanadianchild….2）.honouredandhumbled(the‘h’inhonouredissilent)2.Allusion:(引喻)indirectreferencetoaperson,event
4、orpieceofliteratureAllusionisusedtoexplainorclarifyacomplexproblem.Notethatallusionworksbestifyoukeepitshortandrefertosomethingthereader/audienceisfamiliarwith,e.g.:famouspeople;history;(Greek)mythology;literature;thebible.Iftheaudienceisfamiliarwiththeeve
5、ntorperson,theywillalsoknowbackgroundandcontext.Thus,justafewwordsareenoughtocreateacertainpicture(orscene)inthereaders’minds.Theadvantagesareasfollows:1）.Wedon’tneedlengthyexplanationstoclarifytheproblem.2）.Thereaderbecomesactivebyreflectingontheanalogy.3
6、）.Themessagewillstickinthereader'smind.Examples:1）.ThesoftwareincludedaTrojanHorse.(allusionontheTrojanhorsefromGreekmythology)2）.Planahead.ItwasnotrainingwhenNoahbuilttheArk.(RichardCushing)(allusiononthebiblicalArkofNoah)Manyallusionsonhistoricevents,myt
7、hologyorthebiblehavebecomefamousidioms.Examples:1）.tomeetone’sWaterloo(allusiononNapoleonsdefeatintheBattleofWaterloo)2）.towashone’shandsofit.(allusiononPontiusPilatus,whosentencedJesustodeath,butwashedhishandsafterwardstodemonstratethathewasnottoblamefori
8、t.)3）.tobeasoldasMethusalem(allusiononJoseph’sgrandfather,whowas969yearsoldaccordingtotheOldTestament)4）.toguardsthwithArgus’seyes(allusiononthegiantArgusfromGreekmythology,whowatchedoverZeus’loverIo.)3.Anaph
