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1、lTheHistoryofComputerScience&FamousPeoplelNumberSystem&ComputenBaseConversionubetweenDecimalBaseandBinaryBase(incl.DecimalPart)ubetweenDecimalBaseandHexadecimalBase(incl.DecimalPart)uamongBinary,OctalandHexadecimalnComputeofnumbersinthesamebaseuComputeinB
2、inarySystemlAddition&SubtractionlBooleanAlgebra&LogicalOperation:AND,OR,XOR,NOT(Attention:SymbolicalExpression)uComputeinOctalSystemuComputeinHexadecimalSystemlGates&CircuitsnSomeExplanationsofNoun.&ImportantConcepts(see:Noun.Explanation)nThreeRepresentat
3、ionsofaCircuituBooleanExpressionuLogicDiagramuTruthTablenTypesofGatesuNOTBool.Expr.:X=A’
4、
5、X=NOTA
6、
7、X=┐AuANDBool.Expr.:X=A·B
8、
9、X=AANDB
10、
11、X=A∧BuORBool.Expr.:X=A+B
12、
13、X=AORB
14、
15、X=A∨BuXORBool.Expr.:X=AB
16、
17、X=AXORBuNANDBool.Expr.:X=(A·B)’
18、
19、X=NOT(AANDB)uNORBool.Expr.:X=
20、(A+B)’
21、
22、X=NOT(AORB)nAchievementofThreeMostBasicGatesnlDataRepresentationnSomeExplanationsofNoun.&ImportantConcepts(see:Noun.Explanation)nWhyBinary(Page9of03.pdf)Whydoweusebinary?Moderncomputersaredesignedtouseandmanagebinaryvaluesbecausethedevicesthatstor
23、eandmanagethedataarefarlessexpensiveandfarmorereliableiftheyonlyhavetorepresentoneoftwopossiblevalues.nComplement(RepresentationofNegativeValues)uHowtoexpressuHowtojudgeifOverflownCharacterSetuASCIIl8bitsperchar(256characters)lThefirst32charactersintheASC
24、IIcharacterchartdonothaveasimplecharacterrepresentationuUnicodel16bitsperchar(extendedversionofASCII)nCompression:uVideoCompression:Temporalcompression,SpatialcompressionNoun.ExplanationlNumberSystemnNaturalNumber(自然數(shù)):Zeroandanynumberobtainedbyrepeatedly
25、addingonetoit.nNegativeNumber(負(fù)數(shù))nInteger(整數(shù))nRationalNumber(有理數(shù)):AnintegerorthequotientoftwointegersnBase(基):即進(jìn)制。如二進(jìn)制：BASE2orBinaryBasenBinary,Octal,Decimal,Hexadecimal:二進(jìn)制、八進(jìn)制、十進(jìn)制、十六進(jìn)制nCarryValue(進(jìn)位)nAddition,Subtraction:加法、減法nAlgorithm(算法)nQuotient:商；商
26、式（分?jǐn)?shù)）lDataRepresentationnDataCompression(數(shù)據(jù)壓縮):ReductionintheamountofspaceneededtostoreapieceofdatanCompressionRatio(壓縮比率):Thesizeofthecompresseddatadividedbythesizeoftheoriginaldata
27、
28、Format:Compressed/OriginalnLoss
