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1、h’:破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)研究專業(yè):法律碩士碩士生:桂楠指導(dǎo)教師:謝石松教授摘要破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)是債法上債的保全制度中的撤銷權(quán)在破產(chǎn)程序中的應(yīng)用,是保護(hù)普通破產(chǎn)債權(quán)人利益的一項(xiàng)重要制度。作為債法的特別法,破產(chǎn)制度的立法目的在于清理破產(chǎn)債務(wù)人不能清償?shù)狡趥鶆?wù)時(shí)的債權(quán)債務(wù)關(guān)系,實(shí)現(xiàn)破產(chǎn)債權(quán)的公平清償。設(shè)置破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán),通過否認(rèn)破產(chǎn)臨界期間內(nèi)破產(chǎn)債務(wù)人實(shí)施的有害于整體破產(chǎn)債權(quán)人利益的行為的法律效力,使因該行為而減損的財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益回歸破產(chǎn)財(cái)產(chǎn),有利于提高破產(chǎn)債權(quán)的清償率,有利于最大限度地保護(hù)破產(chǎn)債權(quán)人的利益。然而,在我國法院所
2、審理的破產(chǎn)案件中,破產(chǎn)欺詐逃債,轉(zhuǎn)移、隱匿財(cái)產(chǎn)等問題十分突出。再加上破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)所涉及的可撤銷行為種類繁多,要正確認(rèn)定破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)的對象及行使這一權(quán)利并非易事。近年來,該問題已引起學(xué)術(shù)界的關(guān)注,但相關(guān)論述仍不夠深入。本文在汲取國內(nèi)眾多學(xué)者研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合案例,對相關(guān)問題作了較為深入細(xì)致的分析。本文主要從以下幾方面闡述筆者的觀點(diǎn):關(guān)于破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)的法律性質(zhì)存在很大爭議,結(jié)合破產(chǎn)程序的特點(diǎn)加以分析,破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)應(yīng)屬形成權(quán);行為要件與時(shí)間要件是破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)對象的一般構(gòu)成要件,針對不同類型的破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)對象,還
3、可分別規(guī)定其特殊要件;破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)的行使關(guān)系到破產(chǎn)債務(wù)人的行為效力,為避免破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)的行使主體與其所代表的破產(chǎn)債務(wù)人的利益在破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)訴訟中的沖突,破產(chǎn)債務(wù)人不宜被列為破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)的行使對象,同時(shí),破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)的行使期間是除斥期間,對其起算點(diǎn)和期間的界定應(yīng)堅(jiān)持平衡破產(chǎn)程序中各方主體利益的原則。關(guān)鍵詞:破產(chǎn)撤銷權(quán)可撤銷行為破產(chǎn)管理人OnBankruptcyAvoidancePowerMajor:JurisMasterName:GuiNanSupervisor:XieShisongAbstractBankr
4、uptcyavoidancepoweristheapplicationofavoidancepowerbelongingtodebtpreservingsysteminbankruptcyproceedings.Itisasignificantreliefmethodforordinarybankruptcycreditors.Asaspecialcreditoranddebtor1aw,bankruptcylawaimstowindupalldebtsanddischargethemfairly
5、whilebankruptcydebtorsareinsolvent.Byvirtueofbankruptcyavoidancepower,thebankruptcytrusteehastherighttomakeanapplicationtoreversethelegalvalidityofinappropriatedeedsbeforethebankruptcyadjudication.Thenthedecreasedpropertycallbereturnedtobankruptcyprop
6、erty,whichisgoodforimprovingtherateofbankruptcyliquidation.Butitisnoteasytodoenforcement,sincetherearekindsofdeedssuchasevadingdebts,transferringequitiesandconcealingproperty,whicharehardtobeidentified.Recentlyithasbeenfocusedinthefieldoflaw,whichdoes
7、notdemonstratedeeplyThispaperisbasedonplentyofresearchworksofdomesticscholarscombiningwithcases,therelevantproblemshavebeenanalyzedadequatelytoacertainextent.Thispaperdiscussessomeproblems:thereisstilladisputeoverthelegalnatureofbankruptcyavoidancepow
8、er,accordingtothecharacteristicsofbankruptcyproceedings,bankruptcyavoidancepowershouldbetherightofformation;therearedifferentspecialelementsforeachbankruptcyavoidancetargetbesidesthegeneralelementsthatcontainsdeedandtime;theenforcementofbankru