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1、TASK-BASEDLEARNINGEmphasisandAimThetask-basedapproachtolanguagelearningplacesemphasisonlearningtocommunicatethroughpurposefulinteractioninthetargetlanguage.Learnerindependenceandtheirpositiveattitudetowardslanguagelearningarealsoessentialtomakelanguag
2、elearningsuccessful.Thetask-basedapproachaimsatprovidingopportunitiesforlearnerstoexperimentwithandexplorebothspokenandwrittenlanguagethroughtaskswhicharedesignedtoengagelearnersintheauthentic,practicalandfunctionaluseoflanguageformeaningfulpurposes.T
3、heuseoftaskswillalsogiveaclearandpurposefulcontextfortheteachingandlearningofgrammarandotherlanguagefeaturesaswellasskills.Suchlanguagefocuscomponentsinturnenablelearnerstoconstructtheirknowledgeoflanguagestructuresandfunctions.TasksandExercisesTasksa
4、reactivitiesinwhichlearnersarerequiredtodrawtogetherandextendarangeofelementsintheirframeworkofknowledgeandskills.Theyarecharacterizedbyanemphasisonactivity,participation,flexibledifferentiation,andcommunicationamongparticipantsthroughavarietyofmodesa
5、ndmedia.Everylearningtaskshouldhavefivefeatures:1.?Ataskshouldhaveapurpose.ItinvolveslearnersinusinglanguageforthekindsofpurposesthataredescribedinthechapteronLearningTargetsandObjectivesprovidedintheCDCSyllabusforEnglishLanguage(S1-5)1999.2.?Atasksho
6、uldhaveacontextfromwhichthepurposeforusinglanguageemerges.3.?Ataskshouldinvolvelearnersinamodeofthinkinganddoing.4.?Ataskshouldleadtowardsaproduct.5.?Ataskshouldrequirethelearnerstodrawupontheirframeworkofknowledgeandskills.Inordertolearnsuccessfully,
7、learnersneedajudiciouscombinationoftasksandsupportingexercisesinwhichtheyfocusuponandpractisespecificelementsofknowledge,skillsandstrategiesneededforthetask.Exercisesdonotusuallycontainthefivefeaturesofalearningtask.Theyaregoodpreparationforthecomplet
8、ionoftasksandarebestcarriedoutinthecontextofatask.Theyshouldbesequencedsystematicallyandintegratedwitheachothertohelpthelearnerstocompleteatask.Modules,UnitsandTasksInorganizingteachingandlearning,theconceptsofModules,UnitsandTasksareapplied.A
