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《cal errors put infants at risk for chronic hepatitis B virus ：卡爾錯誤把嬰兒在慢性乙型肝炎病毒的風險》由會員上傳分享，免費在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫。
1、MedicalerrorsputinfantsatriskforchronichepatitisBvirusinfection– sixcasereportsDebraBlog,MD,MPH,ElizabethHerlihy,RN,BSN,MS,ConsequencesofHBVInfectioninInfantsandYoungChildren~90%ofinfantsand30%ofchildren <5yrswhoacquireHBVinfectionbecomechronicallyinfectedWithoutimmu
2、noprophylaxis,~40%ofinfantsofHepatitisBSurfaceAntigen(HBsAg)positivemothersdevelopchronicHBVinfection~25%ofthosewithchronicinfectiondieprematurelyoflivercancerorcirrhosisChronicLiverDisease CausedbyHBVInfectionModesofHBVTransmission inEarlyChildhoodVerticaltransmissi
3、onfrommothertoinfantHorizontaltransmissionfrominfectedhouseholdcontacttochildBothmodesoftransmissioncanbepreventedbyvaccinationofnewbornsVaccineEfficacyinPreventing VerticalHBVTransmissionImmunoprophylaxisincludes:HepatitisBvaccine&HepatitisBImmuneGlobulin(HBIG)withi
4、n12hoursofbirthThisis85%-95%effectiveinpreventingverticalHBVtransmission;hepatitisBvaccinealoneatbirthpreventstransmissionin70-95%ofinfants!VaccineEfficacyinPreventingHorizontalHBVTransmissionBeforeimplementationofperinatalhepatitisBpreventionprograms,studiesshow:61%
5、-66%ofchildrenwithchronicHBVinfectionwereborntoHBsAg-negativemothersChildrenlikelywereinfectedbyhouseholdcontacts**BirthdoseofhepatitisBvaccinewillpreventtheseearlychildhoodinfections!!FurtherBenefitsofHepatitisB BirthDoseEnsuresthatinfantsborntomotherswithunknownHBs
6、AgstatusatdeliveryreceivetimelyprophylaxisAnopportunitytoimmunizeduringoneofthefewdependablemedicalencounters(atdeliveryinahospital)Placestheimportanceofimmunizationasanearlyandvisiblepriorityforparents–studiesshowgreaterchancethathepatitisBseriesandoverallimmunizati
7、onserieswillbecompletedontimeHepatitisBistheonlyvaccinethatisreliablyimmunogenicinthenewbornperiod!NYSPerinatalHepatitisB PublicHealthLawIt’sthelawinNYS!In1989,NewYorkStatepassedaPublicHealthLaw2500-emandatingmaternalHBsAgtesting,reportingofresults,andtreatmentofinfa
8、ntsborntoHBsAg-positivewomenHospitalrecordreview:ThecornerstoneofqualityassuranceforperinatalhepatitisBpreventioninNYSDeliveryhospi
