資源描述：
《心衰問答課件.ppt》由會員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在行業(yè)資料-天天文庫。
1、Question1Tenyearsurvivalaftertheonsetofheartfailure:80-90%60-79%40-59%20-39%Under20%PrognosisinHeartFailureMenover45yearsofAgeSurviving(%)YearsfromDiagnosisPrognosisinHeartFailureWomenover45yearsofAgeSurviving(%)YearsfromDiagnosisQuestion2Potentialunderlyingcausesofheartfailurein
2、clude:CoronaryarterydiseaseHemochromatosisMitralregurgitationVentricularseptaldefectalloftheaboveHeartFailureTheFinalCommonPathwayischemicdiseasevalvulardiseasecardiomyopathypericardialdiseasehypertensioncongenitalHeartFailureQuestion3Thepathophysiologyofheartfailurecanbestbedesc
3、ribedas:afailureofprotectivemechanismsactivationofharmfulpathwaysintroductionofpathogenicinfluencesinappropriateactivationofnormalmechanismsalloftheabovePhysiologicResponsetoHeartFailureLVDysfunctionRenal-AdrenalCarotidandLABaroreceptorsRenin-AngiotensinAldosteroneSympatheticOutp
4、utSodiumandfluidretentiontachycardiavasoconstrictionQuestion4PhysiologiceffectsofAngiotensinIIinclude:vasoconstrictionactivationofthirstsodiumretentionaldosteronereleasealloftheaboveRenin-AngiotensinSystemReninAngiotensinIAngiotensinIIdecreasedrenalperfusiondecreasedNadeliverysym
5、patheticactivityAVPReleasevasoconstrictionaldosteroneIncreasedthirstNEreleasesodiumretentiondecreasedGFRQuestion5Thefollowingisafeatureoftheheartfailurestate:reducedcirculatingcatecholaminesincreasedleftventricularenddiastolicpressurereducedplasmavolumeincreasedrenalsodiumexcreti
6、onreducedpulmonarycapillarywedgepressureCompensatoryMechanismsinHeartFailureincreasedpreloadincreasedsympathetictoneincreasedcirculatingcatecholaminesincreasedRenin-angiotensin-aldosteroneincreasedvasopressinincreasedatrialnatriureticfactorQuestion6Patientswithearlyheartfailurety
7、picallypresentwith:NosymptomsDyspneaonexertiononlyDyspneawithminimalactivityDyspneaatrestAcuterespiratorydistressHeartFailureClinicalManifestationsSymptomsdyspneafatigueexertionallimitationweightgainpoorappetitecoughSignstachycardia,tachypneaedemajugularvenousdistensionpulmonaryr
8、alespleuraleffusionhepato/splenomegalyas
