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1、定語從句?一、定語從句1.定語從句三步:第一找出先行詞;第二看先行詞在定語從句中的語法功能(做主語、賓語或狀語);第三選擇合適的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。2.定語從句在選擇關(guān)聯(lián)詞that與which時,常常容易出錯,所以應(yīng)記住什么時候只能用that,什么時候只能用which.(1).只能用that的情況歸納4種:即先得詞被序數(shù)詞最高級修飾過;先行詞為all、everything、nothing等不定代詞;先行詞同時是人和物并列時;最后先行詞分別被theonly、theverythesame、thelast修飾。請看下列四組例句,注意其先行詞:①.Thefirstthingthatwesh
2、oulddoistoworkoutaplan.②.Italmostseemedasifthegoodmanweretryingtoteachusallthatheknewatthislesson.③.LatermyfatherandMr.Crossettalkedforabouthalfafourofthingsandpersonsthatthey?rememberedinschool.④.ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttofind.(2).只用whichis情況有兩種情況:一是非限制性定語從句,關(guān)聯(lián)詞要用which;二是做介詞賓語時只
3、能用which。請看下列兩組例句:??????Isaidnothing,whichmadehimmoreangry.??????Ihavethebookaboutwhichyouaretalking.三、在定語從句的非限制性定語中,which和as是容易混淆的。在很多情況下兩者兼可互換,但在下列情況中不可互換:??????1、通常As可以放在整句的句首,而which,只能在逗號之后,as本身含有“正如”,as在定語從句中既可是主語也可做賓語Asappearfromherpaper,shehasreadwidelyinRomanticliterature.Sheisrem
4、arkable,asIhavetoldyou.??????2、which在做非限制性定語從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞時可以無明確先行詞,指前句整個的意思,如:Shehasmarriedagain,whichsurprisesus.四、在定語從句中,許多人往往分不清allthat和what,what實際上只引導(dǎo)名詞性從句,它相當(dāng)于allthat兩個字,例如:??????AllthatIknowisthathehasmadeuphismindtoheavethecountryforanewplace.?=whatI?knowisthat……定語從句知識要點:?一、限定性定語從句:?種類先行詞
5、關(guān)聯(lián)詞例句說明定???語??從???句(人)在從句中做主語或賓語???物在從句中做主語或賓語???who?????which?Thisisthedoctorwhosavedtheboy’slife.這就是救了孩子生命的醫(yī)生。SheisthenewstudentwhomIwanttointroducetoyou.她就是我要介紹給你的新學(xué)生Pleasepassmethebookwhichislyingonthetable.請遞給我擺在桌上的那本書。ThenovelwhichTomboughtisveryinteresting.湯姆買的小說很有意思。Canyoulendmet
6、hemagazineaboutwhichyoutalkedyesterday?你能把昨天談到的那本雜志借給我嗎?who在從句中做主語whom在從句中做賓語,口語中who可以代替whom,也可以被省去,但做介詞賓語時只能用whom??which在從句中做主語。which充當(dāng)賓語時可以省去。??which做介詞賓語不可省????種類先行詞關(guān)聯(lián)詞例????句說??明???定語從句??人或物的whoseTheprofessorwhosedaughterteachesyouEnglishisDr.Williams那位教授是威廉斯他的女兒教你英語。Theprofessor,thed
7、aughterofwhomteachesyouEnglishisDr.Williams.Thebikewhosebrakewasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired.那輛壞了閘的自行車現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)修好了。=Thebikethebrakeofwhichwasdamagedhasnowbeenrepaired?whose在從句中做定語指某人的也可以用…ofwhom代替whose?指物時也可以用…ofwhich代替whose????人?或thatThewomanthatisplayingthepianoisMissZhang.正在彈鋼