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1、EnglishFiguresofSpeech(1)Simile(明喻):Asimileisafigureofspeechinwhichtwoessentiallyunlikeofbeingsimilarusingthewordslikeorasasimileisthecomparisonoftwothingsusingthewordslikeoras.Example:Themancan'tbetrusted.Heisasslipperyasaneel.Childhoodislikeaswiftlypassingdream.(2)Met
2、aphor(暗喻):Itiscloselyrelatedtothesimile.Ametaphor,likeasimile,alsomakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikeelements,butunlikeasimile,thiscomparisonisimpliedratherthanstated.Afigureofspeechinwhichawordorphrasethatordinarilydesignatesonethingisusedtodesignateanother,thusmakinganim
3、plicitcomparison.Example:Theworldisastage.Somebooksaretobetasted,othersswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.(3)Personification(擬人):Apersonificationpoemmeansthatthepoemisaboutanobjectthatisbeingdescribedasaperson.Itisafigureofspeech.Thestrategyisusedtogiveobject,thi
4、ngsoranimalshumancharacteristicswhichwerecognizeourselves.Example：Iwasveryhappyandcouldhearthebirdssinginginthewoods.Thenightgentlylaysherhandatourfeveredheads.(4)Hyperbole(夸張):Hyperboleisadescriptionthatisexaggeratedforemphasis.Example:Whensheheardthebadnews,ariverofte
5、arspouredout.Ibegathousandpardons.(1)Parallelism(排比，平行結(jié)構(gòu)):Parallelismistheuseofcorrespondingorparallelconstructionsinwriting.Itreferstousingelementsinsentencesthataregrammaticallysimilaroridenticalinstructure,sound,meaning,ormeter.Example:Noonecanbeperfectlyfreetillalla
6、refree;noonecanbeperfectlymoraltillallaremoral;noonecanbeperfectlyhappytillallarehappy.(6)Irony(反語(yǔ)):Ironyistheusesofwordstoexpresssomethingotherthantheoppositeoftheliteralmeaningoroppositehappensofwhatisexpected.Itisafigureofspeechinwhichthereisacontradictionofexpectati
7、onbetweenwhatissaidwhatisreallymeant.Itischaracterizedbyanincongruity,acontrast,betweenrealityandappearance.Wherethepersonsayssomethingwhichisexactlyoppositetowhathe/shereallywantedtocommunicate.Apartfromthis,itcanalsobedramaticwhereoneofthecharactersisunawareofwhatisha
8、ppeningaround,whereasthespectatorsknowexactlywhat'sgoingon;thisconceptisoftenrelatedtoplays.Thefollowingareexa
