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1、FrancisBacon(1561-1626)GeneralintroductionWorksTheoryonphilosophyMottosofBaconSirFrancisBaconBorninLondonin1561inaprominentandwell-connectedfamily,hisfatherSirNicholasBacon,LordkeeperoftheGreatSeal(掌璽大臣)totheQueenElizabeth,shecalledBaconthe“LittleLordkeeper”.Educated
2、athome.In1573,attheageofjusttwelve,heenteredTrinityCollege,CambridgeIn1576,at16,aftergraduatinghetookuplaw，andcompletedhislawdegreein1582;In1588hewasnamedlecturerinlegalstudiesatGray’sInn(格雷法律學(xué)院)andelectedtoParliamentin1584asamemberoftheHouseofCommonsFrom1604-1618，he
3、filledasuccessionofhigh-profileadvisorypositions:1604–AppointedKing’sCounsel.王室法律顧問1607–NamedSolicitorGeneral.副檢察長1608–AppointedClerkoftheStarChamber.1613–AppointedAttorneyGeneral.首席檢察官1616–MadeamemberofthePrivyCouncil.樞密院顧問1617–AppointedLordKeeperoftheRoyalSeal(hisf
4、ather’sformeroffice).掌璽大臣1618–MadeLordChancellorandmadeapeerwiththetitlesofBaronVerulam(維魯蘭男爵)1621—GainedthetitlesofBaronViscountStAlban（奧爾本斯子爵）LaterlifeHewasaadmirablejudge,butinthecourseofhisrisinghehasmadeenemieswhofinallycombinedtobringagainsthimchargesofbriberya
5、ndthebetrayalofjustice.Bacon’sguiltlaylessinfinancialcorruptionthanintoogreatreadinesstoallowcourtinfluencetoaffecthislegaldecisions.Hewasconvicted,deprivedofhisoffice,andbanishedfromLondonHediedin1626andspenttheremainingyearsinhisliteracyandphilosophicalworks.Franci
6、sBacon,arepresentativeoftheEnglishrenaissance,isawell-knownphilosopher,scientist,essayistandthefounderofinduction(歸納法)HedevotedalmosthalfofhislifetopoliticalcareerwhileknownasaphilosophicaladvocateanddefenderofthescientificrevolutionBacon’sWorks1.Philosophical:Advanc
7、ementofLearning（論學(xué)術(shù)的進(jìn)展）(1605)NovumOrganum（新工具論）(1620)2.Literary:Essays論說隨筆文集(1625)TheNewAtlantics新亞特蘭蒂斯3.Professional:MaximoftheLaw格言集ReadingontheStatuteofUses閱讀在法令的應(yīng)用AgreattractoneducationInthisbookBaconhighlypraisedknowledge,refutingtheobjectionstolearningGreatsign
8、ificance:inBacon’stime,hisseparationtheologyfromscientificobservationandexperimentmakesagreatstepforwardinscienceNovumOrganum(1620)
