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1、第29卷第5期2012年5胃公路交通科技JoumHofHighwayandTransportationResearchandDevelof,mentV01.29No.5Mav2012doi:tO.3969/j.issn.1002—0268.2012.05.017基于GPS與IC卡數(shù)據(jù)的公交站點(diǎn)匹配方法陳紹輝,陳艷艷,賴見(jiàn)輝(北京工業(yè)大學(xué)交通研究中心,北京J00124)摘要:一票割(單次刷卡)公交線路IC卡數(shù)據(jù)中缺少乘客上車站點(diǎn)信息,為獲得乘客土車站點(diǎn)信息,需要將lc卡交易數(shù)據(jù)與公交站點(diǎn)進(jìn)行匹配。首先根據(jù)公交車輛GPS數(shù)據(jù)和公交Ic卡數(shù)據(jù)分別推算站點(diǎn)間
2、運(yùn)行時(shí)間,建立匹配約束規(guī)則完成首次站點(diǎn)匹配,并求得公交車輛GPS系統(tǒng)與公交Ic卡收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)的時(shí)間平均偏差值,再將時(shí)間平均偏差嵌入數(shù)據(jù)匹配模型,利用禁忌搜索算法對(duì)其他未匹配的交易記錄進(jìn)行二次匹配。為作比較,數(shù)據(jù)試驗(yàn)還包括僅根據(jù)站點(diǎn)間運(yùn)行時(shí)間對(duì)GPS和Ic卡數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行匹配,從而找到IC卡交易記錄與公交站點(diǎn)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。數(shù)據(jù)試驗(yàn)表明:在GPS數(shù)據(jù)較完整的條件下,該方法能夠精確實(shí)現(xiàn)Ic卡交易記錄與上車站點(diǎn)的匹配,而對(duì)比試驗(yàn)方法的匹配精度為80%,低于本文所研究方法。關(guān)鍵詞:交通工程;站點(diǎn)匹配;禁忌搜索;公交Ic卡;GPS數(shù)據(jù)中圖分類號(hào):U491.1’7文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
3、文章編號(hào):1002—0268(2012)05—0102—07AnApproach0nStationIDandTradeRecordMatchBasedonGPSandICCardDataCHENShaohui,CHENYanyan,LAIJianhui.(TransportationResearchCenter,BeijingUniversityofTechnology,Beijlng100124,China)Abstract:ItisdifficultforpublictrafficICcarddataminingandanalysisforlac
4、kingofboardingstationIDinformationintheICdatabaseoffiatfarepublictrafficroutes.Tosolvetheproblem.theICcardtraderecordshouldbematchedwithstationID.First,accordingtotheGPSandICdatarespectively,thetraveltimebetweenstationswascalculated.thematchingrestricfionrulehasbeensettleduptoa
5、ssistthefirsttroveltimematchingtoobtaintheaveragetimedeviationbetweenGPSandICsystems.Then,thetimedeviationWaSusedinthedatamatchingmodel.Mterthat.thetabusearchmethodwasusedformatchingtheothertraderecords.Incontrast.theGPSandICcarddatawasmatchedaccordingtothetraveltimebetweenstat
6、ionstofindouttherelationshipbetweentraderecordandboardingstationID.ThedataexperimentshowsthattheresultiSquiteaccurateandallthetraderecordsandboardingstationIDshasbeensuccessfullymatchedwithcompleteGPSdata,whiletheaccuracyrateofcomparisonexperimentis80%whichislowerthanthepresent
7、edmethod.。Keywords:Transportengineering;stationIDmatch;tabusearch;publictrafficICcard;GPSdata0引言公交Ic卡收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)的推廣應(yīng)用,不僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了票款支付和清分的自動(dòng)化,也為公交客流出行基礎(chǔ)信息的采集提供了一種經(jīng)濟(jì)高效的方式??;诠籌c卡數(shù)據(jù),能夠開(kāi)展人工出行調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)校核?、公交客流的時(shí)空分布規(guī)律挖掘b1、公交出行行為特征分析‘4I、公交運(yùn)行評(píng)價(jià)分析?等研究應(yīng)用。但由于我國(guó)公交IC卡收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)建設(shè)時(shí)未考慮交通分析方面的應(yīng)用,因此在Ic卡數(shù)據(jù)中缺少一些關(guān)鍵的出行信收
8、稿日期:20il—il一06基金項(xiàng)目:”十一五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2006BAJl8804)作者簡(jiǎn)介:陳