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1、Byamplificationwemeansupplyingnecessarywordsinourtranslationworksoastomaketheversioncorrectandclear,tomakeitmorelikethelanguagetranslatedinto.Ofcoursewordsthussuppliedmustbeindispensableeithersyntacticallyorsemantically.Inotherwords,atranslatorisnotsupposedtoaddany
2、meaningtotheoriginal.3.3Amplification(增譯法)[<]1Therearetwokinds:1)Wordsforsyntacticconstruction—tosecurecorrectness,2)Wordssuppliedforsemanticcompletion—tosecureclearness.Bothaimatmakingtheversionexpressiveandreadilyunderstoodbythereader.21、增加動(dòng)詞1).Readingmakesafullm
3、an;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.讀書使人充實(shí),討論使人機(jī)智,筆記（寫作）使人準(zhǔn)確。[<]2).Wedon’tregret,weneverhaveandneverwill.我們不會(huì)后悔，我們從來沒有后悔過，我們將來也不會(huì)后悔。3).Afterthebasketball,hestillhasanimportantconference.看完籃球比賽之后，他還有一個(gè)重要會(huì)議要參加。32.增加形容詞或副詞1).WithwhatenthusiasmtheChinesepeoplea
4、rebuildingsocialism!中國人民正以多么高的熱情建設(shè)社會(huì)主義?。∪巳簼u漸散開了。2).Thecrowdsmeltedaway.他一坐下來就講開了，滔滔不絕地講個(gè)沒完。3).Ashesatdownandbegantalking,wordspouredout.[<]44).Shelingeredlongoverhisletter.5).Inthefilmsofthosedays,alltoooftenitwasthesameone:boytractordrivermeetsgirltractordriver;th
5、eyfallinloveanddrivetractortogether.在那時(shí)候的電影里，總是老一套：男拖拉機(jī)手和女拖拉機(jī)手始而相遇，繼而相愛，終而并肩開拖拉機(jī)了。她反反復(fù)復(fù)地回味著他的來信。[<]5瑪麗的丈夫癌癥去世后，就靠洗衣服維持生活。2).Marywashedforalivingafterherhusbanddiedofcancer.3).Heateanddrank,forhewasexhausted.他吃了點(diǎn)東西，喝了點(diǎn)酒，因?yàn)樗v不堪了。3.增加名詞1).Firstyouborrow,thenyoubeg.頭一
6、遭借錢，下一遭就討飯。[<]64).Thatblackjacketisindeedcheapandfine.那件黑夾克真是價(jià)廉物美。5).Hewaswrinkledandblack,withscantgrayhair.他滿臉皺紋，皮膚黝黑，頭發(fā)灰白稀疏。6).Anewkindofcar—small,cheap—isattractingincreasingattention.一種新型轎車正越來越引起人們的注意——這種轎車體積小，價(jià)錢便宜。[<]78).Hisarrogancemadeeveryonedislikehim.他的傲
7、慢態(tài)度使誰也不喜歡他。9).Afterallpreparationsweremade,theplaneswereflownacrosstheU.S.toSanFrancisco.一切準(zhǔn)備工作就緒以后，飛機(jī)就飛越美國去了舊金山。由例8、9可以看出，某些動(dòng)詞或形容詞派生來的抽象名詞，翻譯時(shí)可以根據(jù)上下文在其后面增添適當(dāng)?shù)拿~，使譯文更符合規(guī)范。又如：[<]8topersuade說服persuasion說服工作toprepare準(zhǔn)備preparation準(zhǔn)備工作backward落后backwardness落后狀態(tài)tense緊張te
8、nsion緊張局勢(shì)arrogant自滿arrogance自滿情緒mad瘋狂madness瘋狂行為antagonistic敵對(duì)antagonism敵對(duì)態(tài)度[<]94.增加代詞1).小不忍則亂大謀。Ifoneisnotpatientinsmallthing,onewillneverbeable
