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1、P23Theopportunitycostofanychoiceiswhatwemustforegowhenwemakethatchoice.P29生產(chǎn)可能性邊界Productionpossibilitiesfrontierisgivingthedifferentcombinationsofgoodsthatcanbeproducedwiththeresourcesandtechnologycurrentlyavailable.P30Accordingto機(jī)會成本遞增規(guī)律thelawofincre
2、asingopportunitycost,themostofsomethingweproduce,thegreatertheopportunitycostofproducingevenmoreofit.P57In非完全競爭市場imperfectlycompetitivemarkets,individualbuyersorsellerscaninfluencethepriceoftheproduct.P58In完全競爭市場perfectlycompetitivemarkets,eachindivid
3、ualbuyersorsellerstakesthemarketpriceasagiven.P62Achangeinthepriceofgoodcauseamovementalongthedemandcurve.P75Theequilibriumpriceandequilibriumquantityarevaluesforpriceandquantityinthemarketthat,onceachieved,willremainconstant-unlessanduntilthesupplycu
4、rveorthedemandcurveshifts.P85Aconsumer’sbudgetconstraint預(yù)算約束identifieswhichcombinationsofgoodsandservicestheconsumercanaffordwithalimitedbudget,atgivenprices.P108marginalutility邊際效用isthechangeinutilityanindividualenjoysfromconsuminganadditionalunitofa
5、good.P130anindifferencecurve無差異曲線representsallcombinationsoftwogoodsthatmaketheconsumerequallywelloff.P145thelawofdiminishingmarginalreturns邊際收益遞減規(guī)律statesthataswecontinuetoaddmoreofanyoneinput,itsmarginalproductwilleventuallydecline.P217inthelongrun,e
6、verycompetitivefirmwillearnnormalprofit正常利潤thatis,zeroeconomicprofit.P232amonopolyfirmistheonlysellerofagoodorservicewithnoclosesubstitutes.Themarketinwhichthemonopolyfirmoperatesiscalledamonopolymarket.壟斷市場P260anotherformoftacitcollusionispriceleader
7、ship,inwhichonefirm,thepriceleader,setsitsprice,andothersellerscopythatprice.P275pricediscrimination價格歧視occurswhenafirmchargesdifferentpricestodifferentcustomersforreasonsotherthandifferentincost.P253anoligopoly寡頭isamarketdominatedbyasmallnumberofstra
8、tegicallyinterdependentfirms.P160規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)economicofscale------totalcostriseproportionately````P117Theincomeeffect-----apricechangearisesfromachangefrompurchasing.P23Theopportunitycostofanychoiceiswhatwemustforegowhenwemakethatchoice.P29生產(chǎn)可能性邊界Prod
