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EmilyDickson
1LifeWorksandfeatureViewsContents
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3At17,ShebegancollegeatMountHolyokeFemaleSeminary.Shebecameillatthespringofherfirstyearanddidnotreturn.Bornin1830oneofmostprominentfamiliesinAmherst,MaAmerherstAcademyShedidn’tleaveherfamily’shomesteadforanyreasonafterthelate1860’s.1886Died1955:publishedacollectionofherpoems
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5TheDickinsonHomesteadinAmherst
6EmilyDickinsonMuseum,Amherst
72WorksandFeature
8Feature(1)Notitles,short,capitallettersandtheuseofdashes(2)directness,compact,severeeconomyofexpression;(3)tragic;stressoninnerlifeoftheindividual.
9SubjectsDeath&Immortality----thelargestportionLovereligion–doubtandbeliefaboutreligioussubjectsNatureSheoftenadoptstheposeofhavingalreadydiedbeforeshewritesherlyric.SufferingandfrustrationcausedbyloveThoughshewaslonelyandisolated,EmilyappearstohaveloveddeeplyAfascinationwithnatureconsumedEmily
101ABirdCameDowntheWalkBecauseICouldNotStopforDeathMajorworksIHeardaFlyBuzz–WhenIdiedBeforeIdiedforBeauty-ButwasScarce
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12BecauseIcouldnotstopforDeath- Hekindlystoppedforme- TheCarriageheldbutjustOurselves AndImmortality. Weslowlydrove-Heknewnohaste, AndIhadputaway Mylabor,andmyleisuretoo, ForHisCivility. WepassedtheSchool,whereChildrenstrove Atrecess-inthering; WepassedtheFieldsofGazingGrain, WepassedtheSettingSun.Orrather-HepassedUs; TheDewsgrewquiveringandchill, ForonlyGossamer,myGown, MyTippet-onlyTulle. WepausedbeforeHousethatseemed ASwellingoftheGround; TheRoofwasscarcelyvisible, TheCornicebutamound；Sincethen-'tisCenturies-andyeteach FeelsshorterthantheDay IfirstsurmisedtheHorses'heads WeretowardEternity.
13Dickinsondescribes“Death”asagentlemandrivingacarriage,whoisendowedwithfavorablehumanattributesofbeingkind.And“Immortality”isalsoapassengerinthecarriage.Thecarriagetrundlesalongataprettyrelaxedpace.BeingcontentwithDeath’spoliteness&charm,thewomanisdistractedfromherworkandfeltcompletelyateasewiththegentleman.Dickinsonispaintingasceneofwhattheyareridingby:theSchool,theFieldsofGazingGrains&theSettingSun,whichrespectivelysymbolizesherearlylife,themiddlestageoflife&thefinalstageoflife.Withthesungoingdown,thedewissettingin.Notwarmlywearing,sheisgettingchilly.Sheisrestatingthatthephasesofherlifehavepassedherby.DickinsondescribesgraveasaHouse.Suchdescriptionindicatesthatthepoetisquitecomfortableorateasewiththelocation.Thoughcenturieshavepassed,thepoetstillfeelsitjusthappenedyesterday.WithreferenceoftheHorse’sHeads,wereaderswillberemindedofthevisionmentionedinthe1ststanza.Content
14MetaphorAlliterationImagismPersonificationAnaphora
15PersonificationHekindlystoppedforme—Heslowlydrove—HeknewnohasteForHisCivility—DeathImmortality→agentlemanwithfavorablecharacteristics:kind&polite→Deathisathingnottobeafraidofbuttoembrace.TheCarriageheldbutjustOurselves—AndImmortality.→athirdpassengerinthecarriage→DeathinbodywalksalongwithImmortalityinmind.→Death,nottheend,butasasteponthewaytoeternallife
16Alliteration◆labor&leisure◆Recess&Ring◆Gazing&Grain◆Setting&Sun◆Dews&drew◆Gossamer&Gown◆Tippet&Tulle◆Horse&HeadWepassedtheSchool,whereChildrenstroveAtRecess—intheRing—WepassedtheFieldsofGazingGrain—WepassedtheSettingSun—→depictacontinuityofscenes,therebyemphasizingthenotionofnever-endingness.
17Metaphor→worksasaprocesstoreviewdyingmemories&displaysalifelongjourneyonewouldexperience→impliesthepassageofbirth,growth,maturity&deaththecarriageride→thecycleoflife→lifeisajourneytheChildren→youngagestheGazingGrain→productiveyearsofone’slifetheSettingSun→theendoftheday→theendoflifeaHouse→agrave→impliesthatthepoetfeelscomfortableabouttheDeath
18Anaphora→thespeakerispassingthrougheverythingthatshehasalreadylivedthrough.→givingthereadersasenseoflifegoingbyWepassedtheSchool,whereChildrenstroveAtRecess—intheRing—WepassedtheFieldsofGazingGrain—WepassedtheSettingSun—→worktomimictheslowprogressionofthecarriage.→Wereaderscanalmostheartheechoclompingofthehorse,thusfeelingpartofthejourneyinsteadofjustbeingoutsideobservers.
19ImagismIfirstsurmisedtheHorse’sHeadsWeretowardEternity—thelastimagebeforeherdeathremindthereadersofthecarriagementionedatthestartofthepoem→Itseemstoturnbackthetimetothebeginning.→lifeisarecyclingprocess;deathisthebeginningofanotherjourneyoflife.thecarriageride,theSchool,theFieldsofGazingGrains,theSettingSun,aSwellingoftheGround,etc.
20death◆deathisnothingtobefearedsinceitisanaturalpartoftheendlesscycleofnature.◆deathisonlythebeginning,becausetodieistogoonanotherjourney.◆Althoughdeathtakesoneawayfromtheearthlyworld,thereisstillsomethingtolookforwardtowhenonedies:Eternallife.Immortality◆deathmeanseternity.Theme
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22ThepioneerofImagist?poetryOneofthefounderof?modernist?poetry.
23Comparison:Whitmanvs.Dickinson1.Similarities:(1)Thematically,theybothextolled,intheirdifferentways,anemergentAmerica,itsexpansionanditsindividualism,theirpoetrybeingpartof“AmericanRenaissance”.(2)Technically,theybothaddedtotheliteraryindependenceofthenewnationbybreakingfreeoftheconventionoftheiambicpentameterandexhibitingafreedominformunknownbefore:theywerepioneersinAmericanpoetry.
242.Differences(1)Whitmanseemstokeephiseyeonsocietyatlarge;Dickinsonexplorestheinnerlifeoftheindividual.(2)WhereasWhitmanis“national”inhisoutlook,Dickinsonis“regional”.(3)Dickinsonhasthe“cataloguetechnique”(direct,simplestyle)whichWhitmandoesn’thave.
25THANKYOU
