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2022—2023學(xué)年度高二第二學(xué)期期中學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，只交答題卡。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whattypeofartdoesthewomanfindbeautiful?A.Traditionalart.B.ModernartC.Realisticart.2.Howwillthewomanhelptheman?A.Bygettinghimsomethingtodrink.BByturningonthemusic.C.Bydoinghiswork.3.Whoarethespeakerswaitingfor?A.Theirco-workers.B.Someartists.C.Theirguide.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Doingsomeshopping.B.OrderingfoodC.Cookingameal.1015.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Fivecoursesmaybetoomany.B.Itwouldbewisertotakemorecourses.C.Onlyfourcourseswillbeofferedinthenewterm.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoorderatfirst?A.Orangejuice.B.Apizza.C.Lemontea.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?ABringthewoman’sfood.B.Takethewoman’sorder.C.Introducethemealdeal.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whoistheman?A.Ananimalexpert.B.Ateacher.C.Adesigner.9.Whatdoesthegirlthinkisdifficult?A.Tolearnaboutallkindsofanimals.B.Tousethescissorscorrectly.C.Tomakeapaperelephant10Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Wildelephants.B.Schoolsupplies.C.Paperfoldingart.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Receivingacustomer.B.Promotingherproducts.C.Answeringaphonecall.12.Whydoesthewomanapologize?A.Sheputdowntheman’sinformationwrongly.B.Theyareshortofteaandcoffee.C.Herworkmatemadeamistake.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Checkthewoman’sidentity.B.Gotothewaitingroom.C.Makeacomplaint.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至17題。
14.Howdoesthewomanfeelatfirst?A.Hopeful.B.Terrible.C.Happy.15.Whatisthemantryingtotellthewoman?A.Factsaboutcamels.B.Experiencesinthedesert.C.Storiesaboutsandstorms.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkcamelshate?A.Beinginthesandeveryday.B.Carrying200kilosontheirbacks.C.Drinking180litersofwaterinonego.17.Whatisthespeakers’destination?A.Abeach.B.Adesert.C.Ahotel.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whichplaceisthenextstop?A.TheLakePark.B.TheNationalZoo.C.TheScienceMuseum.19.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Warm.B.Hot.C.Cold.20.Whenisthebesttimeforbirdwatchinginthisplace?A.Inlatespring.B.Inearlyautumn.C.Inwinter.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThisisthefive-daytripforthoseseekingashortgetawaytotheperfectislandofBali!Day1BeginYourStayatAlayaResort(酒店),UbudYourprivatedriverwillpickyouupfromtheairportanddriveyoutoAlayaResortinUbud,theculturalcenterofBali.Surroundedbyricefields,thehoteloffersanoutdoorpoolandafitnesscenter.Youcanspendtheafternoonenjoyingthesehotelfacilities.Intheeveningyoucanheadintothetownforlocalcuisinesandalookaroundthecraftshops.Day2ExploretheCentralBaliTemplesToday’sadventuretakesyoutothemust-seesiteswithaprivatedriver.Goingdownabout300steps,you’llgettoabreathtaking11th-centurycomplex—PuraGunungKawiTemple,thefinalrestingplaceofpastdominators,locateddeepinavalleyandknownasthe“ValleyoftheKings”.Visitstootherdifferenttempleswill
bringaclosetotheday.Day3SunsetPerformanceYou‘l1checkoutoftheAlayaResortUbudandtakethescenicdrivetoBenoainSouthBali.You’llvisitBalinesetemplesandwatchanamazingsunsetperformancebylocaldancers,whichischaracterizedbycomplicatedbodymovements,shiningcostumesandtheaccompanimentoftraditionalmusic.You’llstopoffatarestaurantandtryfoodtypicaloflocalcookery.Day4LeisureDayinBaliYouhavetheentiredayfreetorelaxinBali.Youcanchoosetoshopforlocalproductsorrelaxbythebeach.Atsunset,you’llnoticehoweveryonegathersatthebeachbarstowatchBali’strulymagicalsunset.Day5DepartureDayAfterbreakfastatyourhotel,aprivatedriverwilldriveyoutotheairport,markingtheendofyourtrip.1.WhatcanyoudoinAlayaResort?A.Visitcraftstores.B.Haveaswim.C.Watchliveconcerts.D.Enjoyfreedriveservice.2.WhatcanweknowaboutPuraGunungKawiTemple?A.It’stheburialgroundofancientrulers.B.It’sanewly-developedtouristattraction.C.It’sanannualvacationspotforroyalfamilies.D.It’sameetingplaceforleadersfromaroundtheglobe.3.Onwhichdaywillyouappreciatealocaldanceshow?A.Thefirstday.B.Thesecondday.C.Thethirdday.D.Thefourthday.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了完美的巴厘島五天之旅?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章Day1BeginYourStayatAlayaResort(酒店),Ubud講到“Surroundedbyricefields,thehoteloffersanoutdoorpoolandafitnesscenter.(酒店被稻田環(huán)繞，提供一個(gè)室外游泳池和一個(gè)健身中心)”可知在阿拉亞度假村可以游泳，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章Day2ExploretheCentralBaliTemples講到“Goingdownabout300steps,you’llgettoa
breathtaking11th-centurycomplex—PuraGunungKawiTemple,thefinalrestingplaceofpastdominators(沿著大約300級(jí)臺(tái)階往下走，你會(huì)到達(dá)一座令人驚嘆的11世紀(jì)建筑群PuraGunungKawi寺廟，這是過(guò)去統(tǒng)治者的最后安息之地)”可知PuraGunungKawi寺廟是古代統(tǒng)治者的墓地，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章Day3SunsetPerformance講到“You’llvisitBalinesetemplesandwatchanamazingsunsetperformancebylocaldancers,whichischaracterizedbycomplicatedbodymovements,shiningcostumesandtheaccompanimentoftraditionalmusic.(您將參觀巴厘島的寺廟，觀看當(dāng)?shù)匚枵吡钊梭@嘆的日落表演，其特點(diǎn)是復(fù)雜的肢體動(dòng)作、閃亮的服裝和傳統(tǒng)音樂(lè)的伴奏)”可知在第三天欣賞當(dāng)?shù)氐奈璧副硌荩蔬xC。BPlasticmobilephonescasesandsweetwrappers,somemorethan50yearsold,haverecentlybeenpulledfromtheseaoffthecoastofEastYorkshire.Thefindsleadtogrowingconcernamongscientistsaboutthelong-termimpactofplasticwasteonourseas,withresearchsuggestingittakesover400yearsforadrinksbottletobreakdowninthesea.Notpla,aLondon-basedstartupcompany,iscurrentlydesigningaseaweed-basedreplacementforsingle-useplasticpackaging.Foundedin2014,thecompanyhasbeensparingnoeffortstofurtherdevelopitsproductline.Thefirminitiallylookedtoseaweedasthesolutiontotheworld’swhitepollution,becauseitisplentiful,growsquickly,doesn’tcompetewithlandcropsanddoesn’tusechemicals,butabsorbscarbonfromtheair.DesigndirectorKarlijnSibbelsays,“Itcangrowintothesea,whereitactuallyhasmanypositivebenefitssoitcancreatenewecosystemsforotherorganismstogrowin.”Sibbelsaystheylooktonatureasinspiration“fortheidealpackaging”liketheskinonafruit.“Apeel(果皮)willeventuallybeusedasnutrientsbynature,disappearandbecomepartofthecycle.”“Theexcitingthingisthatthisisafilmthatcanreplacemostoftheflexiblepackagingyouseearound,”Sibbelsays.Thepotentialcontentscouldincludecoffeegroundsortoiletpaper.Forfooditems,suchasnoodles,theyhaveevenexperimentedwithaddingflavorstothepackaging,sothatdissolvingthebagcouldaddseasoningtothefood.“Youcancookwithit.Andyoucanreallystarttorethinkwhatwecandowiththesematerials,”sheexplained.Theapproachfeelsespeciallyrelevantastheworldiscomingtotermswiththeeffectsofdecadesofuncontrolledplasticproduction.Co-CEOPasliersays,“We’reexcitedtoseeourpowerinthefoodserviceindustryandlookingforwardtomovingintothefashionmarketsverysoon.4.WhatproblemismainlyreferredtoinParagraph1?A.Energycrisis.B.Foodwaste.C.Ecologicaldisaster.D.Whitepollution.
5.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Howseaweedgrowsinthesea.B.Howseaweedabsorbscarbonfromtheair.C.Whyseaweedcancreatemorenewecosystems.D.Whyseaweedwaschosenasaplasticalternative.6.WhatistheidealpackagingaccordingtoSibbel?A.Itcanbedigestedbynature.B.It’sasthinasapeel.C.Itcantransformintochemicals.D.Itbearsaflavorenhancer.7.WhichwordcanbestdescribetheprospectsofNotpla?A.Doubtful.B.Uncertain.C.Promising.D.Darkening.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了塑料污染日益嚴(yán)重的情況下，一家名叫Notpla的公司采用海藻作為塑料包裝的替代品，這種方法不僅切實(shí)可行，而且對(duì)環(huán)境有益，應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域很廣泛?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thefindsleadtogrowingconcernamongscientistsaboutthelong-termimpactofplasticwasteonourseas,withresearchsuggestingittakesover400yearsforadrinksbottletobreakdowninthesea.（這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓科學(xué)家們?cè)絹?lái)越擔(dān)心塑料垃圾對(duì)海洋的長(zhǎng)期影響，研究表明，一個(gè)飲料瓶在海洋中分解需要400多年的時(shí)間。）”可知，第一段主要介紹了塑料垃圾難以分解，會(huì)對(duì)海洋造成負(fù)面影響，即白色污染的問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thefirminitiallylookedtoseaweedasthesolutiontotheworld’swhitepollution,becauseitisplentiful,growsquickly,doesn’tcompetewithlandcropsanddoesn’tusechemicals,butabsorbscarbonfromtheair.DesigndirectorKarlijnSibbelsays,“Itcangrowintothesea,whereitactuallyhasmanypositivebenefitssoitcancreatenewecosystemsforotherorganismstogrowin.”（該公司一開(kāi)始就將海藻視為解決全球白色污染的辦法，因?yàn)楹Ｔ遒Y源豐富，生長(zhǎng)迅速，不與陸地作物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，不使用化學(xué)品，但能從空氣中吸收碳。設(shè)計(jì)總監(jiān)KarlijnSibbel說(shuō)：“它可以生長(zhǎng)在海里，它實(shí)際上有很多積極的好處，可以為其他生物創(chuàng)造新的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)?！保笨芍摱温渲饕忉屃死煤Ｔ鍋?lái)解決白色污染的原因，不僅方案可行，而且還可以帶來(lái)很多的好處。D項(xiàng)“為什么選擇海藻作為塑料替代品”符合段落大意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Sibbelsaystheylooktonatureasinspiration“fortheidealpackaging”liketheskinon
afruit.“Apeel(果皮)willeventuallybeusedasnutrientsbynature,disappearandbecomepartofthecycle.”（Sibbel說(shuō)，他們從自然中尋找“理想包裝”的靈感，比如水果的表皮?！肮ぷ罱K會(huì)被自然用作營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，消失并成為循環(huán)的一部分。”）”可知，在Sibbel看來(lái)，理想的包裝應(yīng)該像果皮一樣，最終被自然消化，進(jìn)入循環(huán)的狀態(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theapproachfeelsespeciallyrelevantastheworldiscomingtotermswiththeeffectsofdecadesofuncontrolledplasticproduction.Co-CEOPasliersays,“We’reexcitedtoseeourpowerinthefoodserviceindustryandlookingforwardtomovingintothefashionmarketsverysoon.（隨著世界逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到幾十年來(lái)不受控制的塑料生產(chǎn)的影響，這種方法顯得尤為重要。聯(lián)合首席執(zhí)行官Paslier說(shuō)：“我們很高興看到我們?cè)诓惋嫹?wù)行業(yè)的實(shí)力，并期待著很快進(jìn)入時(shí)尚市場(chǎng)。）”可知，Notpla公司的這種方法符合目前的世界發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，除了應(yīng)用于餐飲業(yè)，也有望應(yīng)用于時(shí)裝產(chǎn)業(yè)，因此公司的前景很好。故選C項(xiàng)。CScientistshaveusedlasers(激光)togenerateelectricityinthelabbefore.RecentlySwissresearchershavefoundinamountaintopexperimentthatapowerfullasercangrabholdofalightningflashandrerouteitspaththroughthesky,whichisthefirstdemonstrationthatthetechniqueworksinreal-worldstormsandcouldsomedayleadtobetterprotection,againstlightning.Today’smostcommonanti-lightningtechistheclassiclightningrod,ameters-longmetalpolerootedtotheground.Itattractslightningandsafelyguidestheelectricityintotheground.Buttheareaprotectedbyalightningrodislimitedbytherod’sheight.“Ifyouwanttoprotectlargebuildingslikeairports,youwouldneedalightningrodofkilometersize,”saysAurélienHouard,aFrenchphysicist.SuchatallmetalpolewouldbeimpracticalButalasercouldreachthatfar,stoppingdistantlightningflashesandtakingthemdowntoground-basedmetalrods.HouardandhiscolleaguestestedthisideaatopS?ntismountaininSwitzerland.Theysetupahigh-powerlasernearatelecommunicationtowertippedwithalightningrodthatisstruckbylightningaround100timeseveryyear.Thetowerwashitbylightningfourtimeswhilethelaserwason.Oneofthosestrikeshappenedinafairlyclearsky,allowingtwohigh-speedcamerastoshootthemoment.Thoseimagesshowedlightningrushingdownfromthecloudsandfollowingthelaserlightforsome50meterstowardthetower’slightningrod.Tofollowthepathsofthethreeflashestheycouldn’tsee,theresearcherslookedatradiowavesgivenoffbythelightning.Thoseradiowavesshowedthethreestrikesfollowedthepathofthelasermuchmorecloselythanotherstrikesthathappenedwhenthelaserwasoff.Thissuggestedthatthelaserguidedthesethreestrikestothelightningrodaswell.It’sarealachievementbutthelaseristooexpensive.It’llprobablytakeadecadeormorebeforeit’struly
abletoprotectlargebuildings.8.Whatnewfunctionoflaserswasdiscoveredintheoutdoorexperiment?A.Topreventstorms.B.Toproduceelectricity.C.Tosetofflightningflashes.D.Toredirectlightningstrikes.9.Whataspectofalightningroddoesparagraph2focuson?A.Itscategory.B.Itsstructure.C.Itsweakness.D.Itsinventor.10.Howdidtheresearcherstracktheinvisiblelightningflash?A.Throughcameras.B.Throughitsradiowaves.C.Throughatower.D.Throughalightningrod.11.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?A.Inapersonaldiary.B.Inapopularmagazine.C.Inaphysicstextbook.D.Inaclasspresentation.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)家已經(jīng)使用激光抓住閃電并改變其在天空中的路徑來(lái)保護(hù)大型建筑。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“RecentlySwissresearchershavefoundinamountaintopexperimentthatapowerfullasercangrabholdofalightningflashandrerouteitspaththroughthesky,whichisthefirstdemonstrationthatthetechniqueworksinreal-worldstormsandcouldsomedayleadtobetterprotection,againstlightning.(最近，瑞士研究人員在一項(xiàng)山頂實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)，強(qiáng)大的激光可以抓住閃電并改變其在天空中的路徑，這首次證明了該技術(shù)在現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的風(fēng)暴中有效，并有一天可以帶來(lái)更好的防雷保護(hù))”可知在戶外實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了激光的重新定向雷擊新功能，故選D。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第二段講到“Buttheareaprotectedbyalightningrodislimitedbytherod’sheight.(但避雷針保護(hù)的區(qū)域受到避雷針高度的限制)”可知第二段重點(diǎn)介紹了避雷針的弱點(diǎn)，故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章倒數(shù)第二段講到“Tofollowthepathsofthethreeflashestheycouldn’tsee,theresearcherslookedatradiowavesgivenoffbythelightning.(為了追蹤他們看不見(jiàn)的三次閃光的路徑，研究人員觀察了閃電發(fā)出的無(wú)線電波。)”可知研究人員是通過(guò)它的無(wú)線電波追蹤這種看不見(jiàn)的閃電的，故選B。【11題詳解】
推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家已經(jīng)使用激光抓住閃電并改變其在天空中的路徑來(lái)保護(hù)大型建筑。文章第一段講到“Scientistshaveusedlasers(激光)togenerateelectricityinthelabbefore.RecentlySwissresearchershavefoundinamountaintopexperimentthatapowerfullasercangrabholdofalightningflashandrerouteitspaththroughthesky(科學(xué)家以前曾在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中使用激光發(fā)電。最近，瑞士研究人員在一項(xiàng)山頂實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)，強(qiáng)大的激光可以抓住閃電，并改變其在天空中的路徑)”可推測(cè)，文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在科學(xué)雜志上。故選B。DTheBritishmaybemadefunoffortheirweather-relatedsmalltalk,butarecentstudysuggeststhatjustfourminutesofchattingcanrevealaspectsofourpersonalityandinfluencesubsequentsocialinteractions.Researchersdivided338participantsintotwogroupsbeforemeetinginpersonandaskedeachparticipanttocompleteapersonalityandIQtest.Withineachgroup,participantswerepairedandeitherconversedbytextfor4minutesorhadnocontactwiththeirpartner.Participantswerethenrequiredtoinferaspectsoftheirpartner’spersonalityandpredictwhethertheywouldactcooperativelyorselfishlyintwomoney-basedstrategygames.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedscoredhigherinpredictingtheirpartners’IQandpersonalitytestresponses,butwerealsomorelikelytoprojecttheirownpersonalitycharacteristicsontotheirpartners.“Ourresearchsuggeststhatinjustafewminutesofsmalltalk,webegintoformamentalmodelofthepersonwe’retalkingto,”saysProfessorSgroi.Participantsthenmetandplayedwiththeirconversationpartneror,inthecaseoftheno-contactgroup,metandplayedwithstrangers.Theresearchersthengaveeachparticipant￡20andaskedthemtocontributetoajointpot(罐)sharedwiththeirpartners,anexperimentcalledthePublicGoodsGame.Theteamsayspeoplewhohavechattedwiththeirpartnersaremorelikelytocorrectlypredicttheircontributionstothepot.Inadditionthosewhochattedbeforehandcontributed30%morethanthosewhodidnot.Theresultsalsodependedontherelationshipstheyestablishedthroughsmalltalk.GeorgieNightingall,founderofTriggerConversations,saysthatsmalltalkisagreatwaytoencouragecooperationintheworkplace.“Peoplearebadatsmalltalkbecauseitfeelslikethereisnoendtoit.Itcanfeelawkwardandpointlessonceyouhavealltheinformationyouneed.Whileaskingquestionshelpsbuildrelationshipswithpeople,peoplewillbehappytohaveachatifyoushowthatyoucareaboutothers.Myadviceistobesincere(真誠(chéng))andconsiderate.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reveal”meaninParagraph1?A.Contributeto.B.Giveaway.C.Limit.D.Change.
13.Whathelpsconversationpartnerspredicttheircontributionscorrectly?A.Theircommoninterestsandhobbies.B.Thedifferencesoftheirpersonalities.C.Theaccuratejudgmentsofeachother’sIQ.D.Theirpreviousimpressionsandconnections.14.WhatdoesNightingallsuggestwedotoinspireotherstocommunicatewithus?A.Avoidaskingthemquestions.B.Shareourpersonalprivacy.CShowgenuineconcernforthem.D.Startwithourstrengthsandvirtues.15.What’sthepurposeofthistext?A.Topresentaresearchoutcome.B.Todescribeaculturalphenomenon.C.ToassessBritishpeople’ssocialskills.D.Tomotivatepeopletointeractbytexting.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究表明，僅僅四分鐘的閑聊就可以揭示我們的性格，并影響隨后的社交互動(dòng)，專家由此建議我們?cè)谡勗捴斜憩F(xiàn)出真誠(chéng)和體貼的特質(zhì)?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedscoredhigherinpredictingtheirpartners’IQandpersonalitytestresponses（結(jié)果顯示，那些聊天的人在預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)方的智商和性格測(cè)試結(jié)果方面得分更高）”和“Ourresearchsuggeststhatinjustafewminutesofsmalltalk,webegintoformamentalmodelofthepersonwe’retalkingto（我們的研究表明，在短短幾分鐘的閑聊中，我們就開(kāi)始形成一個(gè)與我們交談的人的心理模型）”可知，一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果表明，通過(guò)四分鐘閑聊，我們的性格就會(huì)透露出來(lái)，被交談的另一方知曉。因此reveal意為“透露，揭示”，與giveaway意思相近。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ourresearchsuggeststhatinjustafewminutesofsmalltalk,webegintoformamentalmodelofthepersonwe’retalkingto（我們的研究表明，在短短幾分鐘的閑聊中，我們就開(kāi)始形成一個(gè)與我們交談的人的心理模型）”和倒數(shù)第二段中“Theresultsalsodependedontherelationshipstheyestablishedthroughsmalltalk.（結(jié)果還取決于他們通過(guò)閑聊建立的關(guān)系。）”可知，通過(guò)對(duì)話，我們得以了解對(duì)方的性格等心理特質(zhì)，并建立了一定的關(guān)系，從而可以比較準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測(cè)對(duì)方的行為。由此推斷，對(duì)話中建立的印象和聯(lián)系幫助預(yù)測(cè)得更為準(zhǔn)確，A項(xiàng)“共同的興趣和愛(ài)好”文中未提及，B
項(xiàng)“性格的不同”也未提及，C項(xiàng)“對(duì)于彼此智商的準(zhǔn)確判斷”也是對(duì)話的結(jié)果，與預(yù)測(cè)捐款這樣的社會(huì)性行為無(wú)關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whileaskingquestionshelpsbuildrelationshipswithpeople,peoplewillbehappytohaveachatifyoushowthatyoucareaboutothers.Myadviceistobesincere(真誠(chéng))andconsiderate.（雖然問(wèn)問(wèn)題有助于與人建立關(guān)系，但如果你表現(xiàn)出關(guān)心他人，人們會(huì)很樂(lè)意和你聊天。我的建議是要真誠(chéng)和體貼。）”可知，Nightingall建議通過(guò)做到真誠(chéng)和體貼來(lái)與他人建立良好的關(guān)系。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究表明，僅僅四分鐘的閑聊就可以揭示我們的性格，并影響隨后的社交互動(dòng)，具體陳述了研究的對(duì)象、過(guò)程和數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)解釋這一研究結(jié)果。因此，A項(xiàng)“呈現(xiàn)一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果”符合文章的目的。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Childhoodisatimewhencreativityisreallyexpanded.Artsandcraftsareperfectopen-endedactivitiesforchildrenwhoareexploringtheworldaroundthem.____16____Creativeexpressionwillalsoimpacttheiracademicperformancepositively.Thereareplentyofwaystogetkids’creativityartisticallyinspired.____17____Manyadultshaveapassionforfinearts.So,shareinterestsbyworkingtogetheronaprojectororlisteningtomusicwithyourchild.Youcanalsotakethemtoenjoycontemporaryart,classicalart,orinteractiveexhibitsyoulove.____18____However,aschildrengetolder,itcanbedifficultforthemtotakethetimeforcreativity.Fortunately,byremainingsupportiveandflexible,theymaybeinspiredtofollowtheirpassionintoadulthood.Betweensportspracticeandhomework,makesurekidshaveenoughtimetoexpressthemselves.Givethemadesignatedtoy-freespaceorsetupadrawingboardforthemtocreate.Askquestionsthatinspireopen-endedanswersinsteadof“yes”or“no”ones.Forexample,whatmaterialsdoyoufeel?Howwouldtheprojectbedifferentifyouusedpopsiclesticksinsteadofpipecleaners?____19____Whatkindofartsuppliesdoweneedforthecraft?Teachingkidsthatthere’relotsofwaystotackleproblemswillnotonlyservethemcreativelybutcanhelpbuildmanydifferentskillsets.Ineverysinglestageoflife,everyoneistaskedwithsolvingproblems.____20____Whetherinacademiaortheworkforce,itfacilitatesnewneural(神經(jīng))connectionsinthebrain.A.Learningapproachescount.
B.Parentscanleadbyexample.C.Artisanaturalpartofchildhood.D.Doingitcreativelyisthenameofthegame.E.Doesthiscolormatchtheelectricatmosphere?F.Howcouldwemakethemodelintoadifferentshape?G.Theyenablekidstoimprovetheirabilitytoexpressthemselves.【答案】16.G17.B18.C19.F20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章認(rèn)為讓孩子熱愛(ài)藝術(shù)可以幫助他們成為具有創(chuàng)造性的人，具體介紹了讓孩子愛(ài)上藝術(shù)的方法，包括父母要以身作則，給孩子時(shí)間和空間去創(chuàng)造，問(wèn)開(kāi)放式的問(wèn)題，以及告訴孩子們解決問(wèn)題有多種方式?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Artsandcraftsareperfectopen-endedactivitiesforchildrenwhoareexploringtheworldaroundthem.（對(duì)于探索周圍世界的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)，藝術(shù)和手工藝是完美的開(kāi)放式活動(dòng)。）”和后文“Creativeexpressionwillalsoimpacttheiracademicperformancepositively.（創(chuàng)造性的表達(dá)也會(huì)對(duì)他們的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)產(chǎn)生積極的影響。）”可知，本段在論述通過(guò)藝術(shù)和手工藝來(lái)發(fā)展孩子的創(chuàng)造性的重要性和好處，空處會(huì)論述第一個(gè)好處，和后文的第二個(gè)好處呼應(yīng)。G項(xiàng)“它們能提高孩子們表達(dá)自己的能力。”符合語(yǔ)境，其中的“expressthemselves”和后文的“expression”呼應(yīng)。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Manyadultshaveapassionforfinearts.So,shareinterestsbyworkingtogetheronaprojectororlisteningtomusicwithyourchild.（許多成年人都熱愛(ài)藝術(shù)。所以，通過(guò)一起使用投影儀或和孩子一起聽(tīng)音樂(lè)來(lái)分享興趣。）”可知，本段討論了家長(zhǎng)激發(fā)孩子創(chuàng)造力的一個(gè)方法，和孩子一同活動(dòng)，一同欣賞藝術(shù)，空處會(huì)對(duì)這一點(diǎn)作簡(jiǎn)要的說(shuō)明，從而引起后文內(nèi)容。B項(xiàng)“父母可以以身作則?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“However,aschildrengetolder,itcanbedifficultforthemtotakethetimeforcreativity.（然而，隨著孩子年齡的增長(zhǎng)，他們很難有時(shí)間去創(chuàng)造。）”可知，這里存在語(yǔ)義的轉(zhuǎn)折，空處會(huì)說(shuō)明孩子小的時(shí)候去發(fā)展創(chuàng)造力會(huì)容易一些。C項(xiàng)“藝術(shù)是童年的自然組成部分。”符合語(yǔ)境，可以和后文形成語(yǔ)義的轉(zhuǎn)折。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Askquestionsthatinspireopen-endedanswersinsteadof“yes”or“no”ones.
（問(wèn)一些能啟發(fā)開(kāi)放式答案的問(wèn)題，而不是“是”或“否”的問(wèn)題。）”可知，本段介紹用問(wèn)開(kāi)放性的問(wèn)題去激發(fā)孩子的創(chuàng)造力，空處會(huì)舉例開(kāi)放式的問(wèn)題，和其他問(wèn)題一起構(gòu)成例子。F項(xiàng)“我們?cè)鯓硬拍馨涯Ｐ妥龀刹煌男螤钅?？”是開(kāi)放性的問(wèn)題，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Teachingkidsthatthere’relotsofwaystotackleproblemswillnotonlyservethemcreativelybutcanhelpbuildmanydifferentskillsets.Ineverysinglestageoflife,everyoneistaskedwithsolvingproblems.（教孩子們有很多方法來(lái)解決問(wèn)題，不僅能培養(yǎng)他們的創(chuàng)造力，還能幫助他們培養(yǎng)許多不同的技能。在人生的每個(gè)階段，每個(gè)人都有解決問(wèn)題的任務(wù)。）”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)告訴孩子用多種方式創(chuàng)造性地解決問(wèn)題，空處會(huì)承接解決問(wèn)題的方法。D項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造性地去做才是關(guān)鍵?！狈险Z(yǔ)境，承接前文，后文的“it”指代其中的“Doingitcreatively”。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onewintermorning,BauerwasgoingrunningasusualalongRoute90Bridge.Suddenlyhesawatruckaheadturnsharplyandknockontotheguardrail,____21____afive-vehiclecrash.Bauersprunginto____22____.Heranovertothetruckleaning(斜倚)overtheedgeoftheoverpassaboveAssawomanBay.Amanwhodraggedhimselfoutofthetruckpointed____23____downtothewater.Bauerlookedoverandsawacarseat,about6feetawayfromwhichwasalittlegirl.Shewasonherback____24____tostayafloat(漂浮的),armsmoving,legskicking,andwassinkingintothedeepwater.Shehadbeen____25____outofthetruckwithhercarseat,landinginthebaybelow.Everysecondcountedinsucha(n)____26____Withouthesitation,Bauerjumpedintothe____27____water25feetbelowandswamtothechildlikecrazy.Hecomfortedthe____28____girl,pattingheronthebackuntilshecoughedand____29____upwater.AnearbyboatpickedBauerandthegirlup.Handedovertofirstrespondersoncethey_____30_____land,thegirlwasrushedtohospitaland,toeveryone’s_____31_____,foundinstableconditionafteraseriesofphysicaltests.Nobodyknewatfirstwhohad_____32_____thegirlbecauseBauerinitiallydidn’twanttobe_____33_____andleftsecretly.Bauer’sheroicdeedquicklyspread.Hewas_____34_____bytheAirForceThunderbirdswithaflightinMarylandforhis_____35_____andbravery.21.A.gettingoverB.resultinginC.benefitingfromD.holdingback22.A.actionB.troubleC.powerD.touch
23.A.absentlyB.angrilyC.desperatelyD.curiously24.A.demandingB.managingC.pretendingD.struggling25.A.kickedB.thrownC.drawnD.blown26.A.emergencyB.raceC.programD.procedure27.A.warmB.shallowC.icyD.clean28.A.popularB.dangerousC.weather-beatenD.pale-faced29.A.drankB.broughtC.usedD.breathed30.A.departedB.sightedC.reachedD.marked31.A.reliefB.depressionC.surpriseD.confusion32.A.rewardedB.rescuedC.rejectedD.reminded33.A.promotedB.ignoredC.namedD.aided34.A.chargedB.associatedC.replacedD.honored35.A.independenceB.companyC.optimismD.selflessness【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了鮑爾在外出跑步時(shí)遇到了一起車禍，一個(gè)小女孩從車?yán)餂_到河里，鮑爾毫不猶豫跳進(jìn)河里成功救出女孩的故事。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：突然，他看到前面一輛卡車急轉(zhuǎn)彎，撞上了護(hù)欄，造成了五車相撞事故。A.gettingover克服；B.resultingin導(dǎo)致；C.benefitingfrom受益于；D.holdingback阻止。根據(jù)前文“Suddenlyhesawatruckaheadturnsharplyandknockontotheguardrail”可知此處是發(fā)生事故導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：鮑爾立刻行動(dòng)了起來(lái)。A.action行動(dòng)；B.trouble麻煩；C.power力量；D.touch觸摸。根據(jù)后文“Heranovertothetruckleaning(斜倚)overtheedgeoftheoverpassaboveAssawomanBay”可知鮑爾立刻行動(dòng)起來(lái)，即開(kāi)始救援事故中的人。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一名男子從卡車?yán)锱懒顺鰜?lái)，拼命地指向水里。A.absently缺席地；B.angrily憤怒地；C.desperately拼命地；D.curiously好奇地。根據(jù)后文“Bauerlookedoverandsawacarseat,about6feetawayfromwhichwasalittlegirl.
”可知水里有個(gè)小女孩，所以這位男子示意鮑爾救小女孩，心情當(dāng)然是急切的，拼命的。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她仰面掙扎著保持漂浮，胳膊在動(dòng)，腿在踢，然后沉入了深水中。A.demanding要求；B.managing管理；C.pretending假裝；D.struggling掙扎。根據(jù)后文的“armsmoving,legskicking”可知小女孩在拼命掙扎不讓自己沉下去。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她和汽車座椅一起被拋出卡車，降落在下面的海灣。A.kicked踢；B.thrown扔掉；拋；C.drawn繪制；D.blown吹。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知汽車發(fā)生劇烈撞擊時(shí)人會(huì)被拋出車外。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在如此緊急的情況下每一秒都至關(guān)重要。A.emergency緊急情況；B.race種族；C.program程序；D.procedure過(guò)程，步驟。根據(jù)前文的“Shewasonherback___5__tostayafloat,armsmoving,legskicking,andwassinkingintothedeepwater.”可知這是緊急情況。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：鮑爾毫不猶豫地跳進(jìn)25英尺下的冰冷的水里，像瘋了一樣游向孩子。A.warm溫暖的；B.shallow淺的；C.icy冰冷的；D.clean清潔的。根據(jù)前文的“Onewintermorning,BauerwasgoingrunningasusualalongRoute90Bridge.”可知這時(shí)的水是冰冷的。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他安慰了那個(gè)臉色蒼白的女孩，拍了拍她的背，直到她咳嗽，然后把吐出來(lái)。A.popular受歡迎的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.weather-beaten飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的；D.pale-faced面色蒼白的。根據(jù)后文“pattingheronthebackuntilshecoughedand____9___upwater.”可知小女孩在冰水里凍得臉色發(fā)白。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.drank喝；B.brought帶來(lái)；C.used使用；D.breathed呼吸。根據(jù)前文“pattingherontheback”可知拍小女孩的背的目的是把喝進(jìn)去得水吐出來(lái)，bringsthup“嘔出，吐出”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：女孩一到達(dá)陸地后被移交給急救人員，被緊急送往醫(yī)院，讓人欣慰的是，經(jīng)過(guò)一系列身體測(cè)試，女孩的情況穩(wěn)定。A.departed離開(kāi)；B.sighted看到，發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.reached達(dá)到；D.marked標(biāo)記。根據(jù)前文“AnearbyboatpickedBauerandthegirlup.”可知這艘船把鮑爾和女孩一起送達(dá)陸地。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.relief救濟(jì)，寬慰；B.depression抑郁；C.surprise驚喜；D.confusion混亂。根據(jù)后文“foundinstablecondition”可知，女孩得救，這是令人安慰的事情。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：起初沒(méi)有人知道是誰(shuí)救下了這個(gè)女孩，因?yàn)轷U爾一開(kāi)始不想透露姓名，所以偷偷離開(kāi)了。A.rewarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；B.rescued拯救；C.rejected拒絕；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)前文“Withouthesitation,Bauerjumpedintothe____7____water25feetbelowandswamtothechildlikecrazy.”可知，此處指剛開(kāi)始沒(méi)有人知道誰(shuí)救了女孩。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.promoted提拔；B.ignored忽略；C.named命名，叫出…的名字；D.aided輔助。根據(jù)后文“l(fā)eftsecretly”可知鮑爾不想透漏姓名。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：空軍雷鳥(niǎo)隊(duì)為他在馬里蘭州進(jìn)行了一次飛行，以表彰他的無(wú)私和勇敢。A.charged指控；B.associated聯(lián)系；C.replaced取代；D.honored尊敬；表彰，給與…的光榮。根據(jù)前文“withaflight”可知空軍雷鳥(niǎo)隊(duì)的飛行表演是為了表彰鮑爾的無(wú)私和勇敢。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上題。A.independence獨(dú)立性；B.company公司；C.optimism樂(lè)觀主義；D.selflessness無(wú)私。根據(jù)前文“Withouthesitation,Bauerjumpedintothe____7____water25feetbelowandswamtothechildlikecrazy.”以及“l(fā)eftsecretly”可知鮑爾救人的行為表明他是無(wú)私的。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DongyingcityinChina’sShandongProvincehaswitnessed(目睹)ecologicalimprovementsintheYellowRiverDelta,thankstovarious____36____(effect)measurestoimprovewetlandrestorationandprotection.Yearsago,thewetlandsthere____37____(threaten)duetolesswaterfromtheriverandotherfactors.____38____(protect)thewetlandsecosystem,theYellowRiverDeltaNationalNatureReservewasestablishedin1992.Sincethen,thecity____39____(carry)outseveralmanagementprojectsandrestoredthebiotic(生物)populationinthezone.Dongyinghasbeenadoptingacomprehensivewetlandsrestorationmodelbygivinghigh____40____(prior)toprotectingthenaturereserveandlettingnaturerestore____41____(it).Overthepastthreeyears,it’stransferred(轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn))469millioncubicmetersofwatertothenaturereserve,____42____hasrecoveredtheecologicalfunctionsofthewetlandsthere.
Lastyear,Dongyingbuiltareal-timemonitoringnetworkforbirdspeciesatthenaturereserve,whichhelpsensurethatbirdsarefree____43____disturbanceofhumanactivityandputsthehabitatsofcranesandotherspeciesunderkeyprotection.Asaresult,thenaturereservehasseen____44____obviousincreaseinthevarietyandnumberofbirdspecies.Hometo371birdspecies,it’sbecomeanimportantstop,winteringgroundandbreedingplaceformigratorybirds.DongyingiscurrentlyworkingtobuildtheYellowRiverEstuaryNationalPark,whichwillcover3,523squarekilometers,_____45_____(include)landareaandseaarea,toexplorepathwaysfortheprotectionofDeltaecology.【答案】36.effective37.werethreatened38.Toprotect39.hascarried40.priority41.itself42.which43.from44.an45.including【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了東營(yíng)市致力于保護(hù)黃河三角洲濕地的有效措施以及取得的客觀的成效?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：中國(guó)山東省東營(yíng)市見(jiàn)證了黃河三角洲的生態(tài)改善，得益于各種有效的措施來(lái)改善濕地的恢復(fù)和保護(hù)。分析句子可知，空格處為定語(yǔ)修飾名詞measures，應(yīng)使用形容詞形式，故填effective。【37題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：多年前，由于河流水量減少和其他因素，那里的濕地受到了威脅。分析句子可知，空格處為句子謂語(yǔ)部分，動(dòng)詞threaten和主語(yǔ)thewetlands是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Yearsago可知應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)thewetlands是復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填werethreatened?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了保護(hù)濕地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，黃河三角洲國(guó)家級(jí)自然保護(hù)區(qū)成立于1992年。分析句子可知，空格處為句子目的狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)使用不定式，位于句首首字母大寫(xiě)，故填Toprotect?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：從那時(shí)起，該市實(shí)施了幾個(gè)管理項(xiàng)目，并恢復(fù)了該地區(qū)的生物數(shù)量。分析句子可知，空格處為句子謂語(yǔ)部分，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Sincethen可知應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)thecity是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填hascarried。
【40題詳解】考查名詞。句意：東營(yíng)一直采用綜合濕地恢復(fù)模式，在保護(hù)自然保護(hù)區(qū)和讓大自然自我恢復(fù)方面給予較高的優(yōu)先權(quán)。分析句子可知，空格處為動(dòng)詞give的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)使用名詞形式priority，表示“優(yōu)先，優(yōu)先權(quán)”是不可數(shù)名詞，故填priority?！?1題詳解】考查反身代詞。句意同上題。分析句子可知，空格處為動(dòng)詞restore的賓語(yǔ)，代指大自然，應(yīng)使用反身代詞，故填itself?！?2題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在過(guò)去的三年里，它向自然保護(hù)區(qū)輸送了4.69億立方米的水，恢復(fù)了那里濕地的生態(tài)功能。分析句子可知，空格處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞，先行詞是thenaturereserve，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，故填which?！?3題詳解】考查介詞。句意：去年，東營(yíng)在自然保護(hù)區(qū)建立了鳥(niǎo)類物種實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這有助于確保鳥(niǎo)類免受人類活動(dòng)的干擾，并將鶴和其他物種的棲息地置于重點(diǎn)保護(hù)之下。分析句子可知，空格處和形容詞free構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)befreefrom免于，故填from?！?4題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：因此，自然保護(hù)區(qū)的鳥(niǎo)類種類和數(shù)量明顯增加。分析句子可知，空格處缺少冠詞，表示泛指一次，obvious開(kāi)頭發(fā)音因素是元音，故填an?！?5題詳解】考查介詞。句意：東營(yíng)目前正在建設(shè)黃河口國(guó)家公園，占地3523平方公里，包括陸地和海洋面積，探索保護(hù)三角洲生態(tài)的途徑。分析句子可知，空格處表示的意思是“包括”，在句子中充當(dāng)伴隨狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)使用介詞including，故填including。第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.你校英文報(bào)將以“我夢(mèng)想的工作”為題舉辦英語(yǔ)征文比賽，請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括：1.你夢(mèng)想得到的一份工作及原因；2.你為之而做的準(zhǔn)備。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。MyDreamJob
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:MyDreamJobHavingagoaloraiminlifeisespeciallyimportant,foritgivesourlifeapurposeanddirection.Likemanypeoplenowadays,Iwanttobecomeamedicaldoctor.Themostimportantmotivationtochoosethisprofessionistohelphumanityandfulfilltheever-growingneedfordoctorsinourcommunity.Thereisnodenyingthatitisoneofthenoblestjobsintheworld.Mymotherandteachersalwaysteachmethatonlywithpassionandhardworkcanagoalbeachieved.Knowingthatbecomingadoctorisnoteasy,Iamstudyinghardtoachievethislifegoal.Inaddition,Ialwaysreadmanymedicaljournalsandwatchrelevantdocumentariestofamiliarizemyselfwithmedicalknowledgeandpracticetobeinformed.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。題你校英文報(bào)將以“我夢(mèng)想的工作”為題舉辦英語(yǔ)征文比賽，請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括：介紹夢(mèng)想的工作，陳述背后的原因，并分享為之努力的準(zhǔn)備工作?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累重要的：important→ofimportance,essential,crucial,significant,vital動(dòng)力：motivation→motive,incentive,inspiration,impulse滿足：fulfill→satisfy,meet,gratify高尚的：noble→righteous,virtuous,honorable,decent毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的是：thereisnodenyingthat→itiswellacknowledgedthat,thereisnodoubtthat,undeniably,undoubtedly實(shí)現(xiàn)：realize→achieve,fulfill,accomplish,obtain此外：inaddition→additionally,moreover,furthermore,besides了解：familiarizeoneselfwith→beacquaintedwith,becomefamiliarwith2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Themostimportantmotivationtochoosethisprofessionistohelphumanityandfulfilltheever-growing
needfordoctorsinourcommunity.拓展句：ThemostimportantmotivationtochoosethisprofessionliesinthefactthatIhopetohelphumanityandfulfilltheever-growingneedfordoctorsinourcommunity.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Havingagoaloraiminlifeisespeciallyimportant,foritgivesourlifeapurposeanddirection.（運(yùn)用了動(dòng)名詞形式作主語(yǔ)、從屬連詞for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句）【高分句型2】Mymotherandteachersalwaysteachmethatonlywithpassionandhardworkcanagoalbeachieved.（運(yùn)用了連接詞that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作teach的賓語(yǔ)、“only+狀語(yǔ)”置于句首引起部分倒裝）【高分句型3】Knowingthatbecomingadoctorisnoteasy,Iamstudyinghardtoachievethislifegoal.（運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞形式作狀語(yǔ)、連接詞that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作knowing的賓語(yǔ)）第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文?！癐t’sbeenpotatoesallweek,mom!Can’twegotothedinerforaburgerandanicecream?That’sallIwantformybirthday!”Eve’s8-year-oldsonDylanthrewhisarmsaroundhershoulders,lookingatherhopefully.Inherhear,shewantedtothrowDylanthebiggestbirthdaypartyever,withballoonsandadeliciouscakewith8beautifulcandlesonit.Butinreality,Evecouldaffordnoneofthat.Afterbeingletgofromthethirdtemporaryjobandpayingtheoverduebills,shedidn’thaveenoughmoneyleft.“Sorry,baby.Ican’taffordmeals...”Evesaidsadly.Seeingtearsinhismother’seyes,Dylanquicklychangedhistone(語(yǔ)氣).He’dseenherstrugglingtomakeendsmeetandcouldn’tstandhurtingher.“Actually,mom,thatpotatosaladlooksdelicious!CanIhavesomemore?”Heaskedhercheerfully.Afterthehumblemeal,Evedidhousework.Dylantookoutanenvelopehiddenonhisbookshelf.He’dsecretlysavedafewdollarsfromthelunchmoneyhismomhadgivenhimoverthepastfewyears.Hecountedthemoney.“$28!”Hiseyeslitup.“Icangetagoodmealforcmom!”Dylanslidoutwiththeenvelopeandwalkedtothenextblock,wherehesawexactlywhathe’dexpected—themobilefoodtruck!He’dseenitafewtimesandwonderedwhytheplacewasalwayscrowded.Hewaiteduntilthecrowdwaitingtobuyfoodatthecounterclearedaway“Sir!PleasegivemeeverythingIcangetfor$28!”Dylanrequestedeagerly.ButMartin,theownerofthefoodtruck,replied,“Sorry,kid.We’reoutofeverythingtoday!”Disappointed,Dylanwasseatedonthesidewalk,mumbling(咕噥):“It’smybirthday,butIcan’teventreathertoanicemeal.Shedoessomuchforme.Ithought,foronce,Iwoulddosomethingniceforher.”Hekepttalkingoutloudtohimself,givingintohisurgetocry.注意：
1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答?！癢oah,happybirthday,boy!”Martinsaid,sittingdownnexttoDylan.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenextmorning,Evewokeuptoafoodtruckoutsideherhouse.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】“Woah,happybirthday,boy!”Martinsaid,sittingdownnexttoDylan.Withkindnessinhisheart,heaskedpatientlyinasoftvoicetogettoknowtheintentionofthelittleboywhoonlygot$28.ImmediatelyMartintookhimgooutsidetopurchasesomefreshcookingmaterialsforthebigmealwhichwaspreparedforDylan’smother.Dylanwasthankfultoexpresshisgratitudebygivingallhismoneytothefoodtruckowner.Thenextmorning,Evewokeuptoafoodtruckoutsideherhouse.“Hello!It’sMartin.”O(jiān)peningthedoor,confusedwithallthedeliciousfoodinthefoodtruck,Evecouldn’tbelievehereyesandfeltlikeadream.“ItwasyoursonDylanwhopreparedallthesefoodforyou.Enjoyit.”Withaman’svoiceappearing,sheknewitwasreal.Touchedbythesewords,Eveburstintotears.Theysattogetherandenjoyedthemeal,surprisedtodiscoveranotewith$28underaplatereading“Filialpietyispriceless.”【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文以人物為線索展開(kāi)，講述了迪倫在生日這天想要改變伙食，但家庭條件無(wú)法負(fù)擔(dān)，他不忍心傷害母親，而后他拿出自己攢下的錢(qián)跑去餐車處，想要在生日這天為母親買(mǎi)一份大餐來(lái)感謝母親的養(yǎng)育之情的故事?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫(xiě)：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“‘哇，生日快樂(lè)，孩子！’馬丁坐在迪倫旁邊說(shuō)。”可知，第一段可描寫(xiě)馬丁了解到今天是迪倫的生日以及通過(guò)談話得知了迪倫的真正打算。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“第二天早上，伊芙醒來(lái)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)屋外有一輛食品車?！笨芍诙慰擅鑼?xiě)Eve
看到孩子為她購(gòu)買(mǎi)的大餐后的喜悅以及最后的驚訝發(fā)現(xiàn)：孝心無(wú)價(jià)。2.續(xù)寫(xiě)線索：向馬丁說(shuō)明情況——馬丁的同情——準(zhǔn)備大餐——送去家中——母親感到感動(dòng)——孝心無(wú)價(jià)3.詞匯激活①詢問(wèn)：asked/inquired②購(gòu)買(mǎi)：purchase/buy③準(zhǔn)備：prepare/getready④意識(shí)：know/realize情緒類①感動(dòng)的：confused/puzzled②困惑的：thankful/grateful【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Withkindnessinhisheart,heaskedpatientlyinasoftvoicetogettoknowtheintentionofthelittleboywhoonlygot$28.（使用了With復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)充當(dāng)伴隨狀語(yǔ)，以及who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句）[高分句型2]Openingthedoor,confusedwithallthedeliciousfoodinthefoodtruck,Evecouldn’tbelievehereyesandfeltlikeadream.（使用了現(xiàn)在分詞Opening和作伴隨狀語(yǔ)）
