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1、胡椒中抑菌成分提取及工藝優(yōu)化摘要本實(shí)驗(yàn)首先對胡椒抑菌活性成分的提取工藝進(jìn)行選擇,在以抑菌效果作為首要選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的前提下對超聲波提取法和回流提取法進(jìn)行篩選,然后再分別對提取試劑、提取時間、浸泡時間等提取條件進(jìn)行篩選,最后綜合以上實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果利用二次通用旋轉(zhuǎn)組合設(shè)計對提取工藝進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:黑胡椒用回流提取抑菌效果比用超聲波提取的效果好,用95%乙醇提取對黑曲霉有最佳的抑菌效果;用80%乙醇提取則對大腸桿菌有最佳的抑菌效果;黑胡椒在提取60min時對大腸桿菌和黑曲霉均具有最佳抑菌效果;黑胡椒浸泡12h時對大腸桿菌和黑曲霉的抑菌效果最好。而白胡椒則是用超
2、聲波提取的抑菌效果比較好,用80%乙醇提取時對大腸桿菌具有最佳的抑菌效果;用60%乙醇提取對黑曲霉有最佳的抑菌效果;白胡椒在提取60min是對大腸桿菌有最佳抑菌效果;在提取100min時對黑曲霉具有最佳抑菌效果。白胡椒浸泡4h對大腸桿菌和黑曲霉的抑菌效果最好。采用二次通用旋轉(zhuǎn)組合設(shè)計對以上提取工藝進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,得出對大腸桿菌抑菌效果最優(yōu)的提取工藝為:白胡椒用95%乙醇提取,浸泡720min,提取100min時對黑曲霉具有最佳的抑制效果;當(dāng)白胡椒用81%乙醇提取,浸泡480min,提取80min時對大腸桿菌具有最佳的抑制效果。黑胡椒80%乙醇提取,浸泡72
3、0min,提取70min時對黑曲霉具有最佳的抑制效果;當(dāng)黑胡椒用80%乙醇提取,浸泡480min,提取70min時對大腸桿菌具有最佳的抑制效果。本論文的目的在于研究不同條件下胡椒中抑菌活性物質(zhì)的提取及其對不同細(xì)菌的抑制作用。主要意義在于將胡椒的抑菌活性物質(zhì)應(yīng)用于果蔬保鮮及農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)過程。研究方法為胡椒活性物質(zhì)的提取及抑菌效果的分析。實(shí)驗(yàn)成果及結(jié)論是證明黑白胡椒對不同的菌種具有不同的抑制效果。關(guān)鍵詞:黑胡椒;白胡椒;提取;抑菌;二次通用旋轉(zhuǎn)組合設(shè)計AbstractThisexperimentfirstcarriesontheselectionofthe
4、pepper'santibacterialsubstances'extractcraft.Intheprimaryselectionoftheantibacterialeffect,toscreenthecraftofultrasonicwaveextractionandrefluxextraction.Andthenscreeningtheextractivereagent,extractivetimeandimmersingtime.Finallythesynthesisaboveexperimentalresultandusesquadrati
5、cgeneralrotaryunitizeddesigntocarryontheoptimizationtotheextractiveprocess.Theexperimentalresultsareasfollows:blackpepperusesrefluxextractionanditsantibacterialactivityisbetter,95%ethylalcohol’sextractionhasbesteffectonaspergillusnigerand80%ethylalcohol’sextractionhasbesteffect
6、onescherichiacoli.Whenextracting60minutes,ithasbesteffectonbothescherichiacoliandaspergillusniger.Whenblackpepperisimmersed12hours,itsextractionhasbesteffectonescherichiacoliandaspergillusniger.Inwhitepepperaspect,theantibacterialeffectwhichwithdrawswiththeultrasonicwaveextract
7、ionisquitegood.80%ethylalcohol’sextractionhasbesteffectonescherichiacoliand60%ethylalcohol’sextractionhasbesteffectonaspergillusniger..Whenextracting60minutes,ithasbesteffectonescherichiacoliandextracting100minutes,ithasbesteffectonaspergillusniger.Whilewhitepepperisimmersed240
8、min,itsextractionhasbesteffectonescherichiacoliandaspe