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1、【2001年8級(jí)測(cè)試英譯漢】PossessionforitsownsakeorincompetitionwiththerestoftheneighborhoodwouldhavebeenThoreau’sideaofthelowlevels1.Theactivedisciplineofheighteningone’sperceptionofwhatisenduringinnaturewouldhavebeenhisideaofthehigh2.Whathesavedfromthelowwastimeandefforthecou
2、ldspendonthehigh.Thoreaucertainlydisapprovedofstarvation,buthewouldputintofeedinghimselfonlyasmucheffortaswouldkeephimfunctioningformoreimportantefforts.Effortisthegistofit3.Thereisnohappinessexceptaswetakeonlife-engagingdifficulties.Shortoftheimpossible,asYeatsputi
3、t,thesatisfactionwegetfromalifetimedependsonhowhighwechooseourdifficulties4.RobertFrostwasthinkinginsomethinglikethesametermswhenhespokeof“Thepleasureoftakingpains”5.Themortalflawintheadvertisedversionofhappinessisinthefactthatitpurportstobeeffortless6.Wedemanddiffi
4、cultyeveninourgames.Wedemanditbecausewithoutdifficultytherecanbenogame.Agameisawayofmakingsomethinghardofthefunofit.Therulesofthegameareanarbitraryimpositionofdifficulty7.Whensomeoneruinsthefun,healwaysdoessobyrefusingtoplaybytherules.Itiseasiertowinatchessifyouaref
5、ree,atyourpleasure,tochangethewhollyarbitraryrules,butthefunisinwinningwithintherules.Nodifficulty,nofun.【概述】這是一篇說(shuō)理性的議論文,文章評(píng)論美國(guó)19世紀(jì)哲學(xué)家、思想家、作家亨利·大衛(wèi)·梭羅對(duì)人生幸福的看法。用詞正式,邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),哲理性強(qiáng)。譯好這類文章有一定難度,但在近年的8級(jí)考試中出現(xiàn)的概率較高,不可忽視。翻譯時(shí)要注意整篇文章的邏輯關(guān)系,特別注意語(yǔ)篇的連貫和銜接。【翻譯要點(diǎn)評(píng)析】1.Thoreau:HenryDavidT
6、horeau(1817—1862),美國(guó)哲學(xué)家、作家、“一個(gè)人的烏托邦”的倡導(dǎo)者和實(shí)踐者,年輕時(shí)代師從美國(guó)“先驗(yàn)論者”愛(ài)默生,其論著在美國(guó)有一定影響。ideaofthelowlevels和ideaofthehigh,是梭羅所理解的“低層次境界”和“高層次境界”。2.activediscipline:主動(dòng)律己;heighteningone’sperception:提高自己的感悟能力;whatisenduringinnature:自然界永恒存在之物;在hisideaofthehigh短語(yǔ)中,后邊省略了levels,與上句ideao
7、fthelowlevels相對(duì)應(yīng)。3.gist:與essence同義,意為“精要;精髓”。此句可譯為“全力以赴,便是其精髓所在”。4.shortof:除……之外。shortoftheimpossible可譯為“除了不可能做的事情之外”。Yeats:WilliamButterYeats,葉芝(1865—1939)愛(ài)爾蘭詩(shī)人及劇作家,曾獲1923年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。asYeatsputit:正像葉芝說(shuō)得那樣。5.RobertFrost:羅伯特·弗羅斯特(1874——1963),美國(guó)著名詩(shī)人,曾4次獲得美國(guó)普利策詩(shī)歌獎(jiǎng)。takingpa
8、inbs:吃苦;努力。例如:Ittakespainstolearnaforeignlanguagewell.學(xué)好一門(mén)外語(yǔ)非吃苦不可。6.mortalflaw:致命的缺陷。advertised應(yīng)理解為popular,madeknown,即“世人宣揚(yáng)的”,“世俗的”。Purpor