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1、澄清香蕉汁加工工藝研究Theclearnessbananajuice’sprocessesandcraftresearch1112白衛(wèi)東趙文紅馮桂萍楊公明1112BAIWei-dongZHAOWen-hongFENGGui-pingYANGGong-ming(1.仲愷農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院輕工食品學(xué)院,廣東廣州510225;2.華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)食品學(xué)院,廣東廣州510642)(1.CollegeofLightIndustryFood,ZhongkaiAgrotechnicalUniversity,Guangzhou,Guangdong510225,China;
2、2.FoodCollege,SouthChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Guangzhou,Guangdong510642,China)摘要:應(yīng)用正交實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),研究了不同酶量、酶解時(shí)間、酶解溫度對(duì)香蕉汁澄清度影響,結(jié)合得率,采用淀粉酶和果膠酶在不同階段添加共同作用;同時(shí),為了減少殺菌時(shí)褐變加速和營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分損失,采用幾種不同殺菌方法進(jìn)行了對(duì)比研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:較佳護(hù)色處理是在熱燙前用0.5%檸檬酸溶液浸泡,打漿時(shí)添加異抗壞血酸0.1%。最佳酶解條件是添加0.3%的淀粉酶在55℃下作用30min后得到粗酶液;得到的粗酶液再用果膠
3、酶酶解,反應(yīng)溫度45℃,酶用量0.04%,反應(yīng)時(shí)間為90min。高溫瞬時(shí)121℃,10s的殺菌方法,能夠有效防止褐變和保持香蕉汁中營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分,由此改善了香蕉汁加工的澄清工藝。關(guān)鍵詞:香蕉汁;護(hù)色;酶解;殺菌Abstract:Inordertocomeoutthebesttechniqueofbananaclearjuice.Thisresearchstudiedtheinfluenceofdifferentquantityofenzyme,enzymedecomposedtimeandenzymedecomposedtemperaturetoqua
4、lityofthebananaclearjuicethroughperpendicularcontrastexperiments.Adoptedamylaseaccompanywithpectinasebeingaddedindifferentphase.Theninordertominusthebrowningreactionandthelossofnutrition,thisresearchstudiedtheseveraldifferentsterilizationsandtheireffect.Thestudyshowsthatthebe
5、stcolorshieldtreatmentissoakingwith0.5%citricacidbeforeheattreatment,whenbeatingupthebananaadding0.1%Vc.Thebestenzymedecomposedconditionis:adding0.3%amylase,under55℃,processed30min,gainedtherawenzymeliquid,thenusedpectinasetodecomposetherawenzymeliquidwithconditionof45℃,0.04%
6、enzymequantity,90min.WithUHT121℃,10sofsterilization,caneffectivelypreventthebrowningreactionandmaintainthenutritionsubstanceinbanana.Therefore,thisstudyimprovesthetechniqueofbananaclearjuice.Keywords:Thebananajuice;Color-shieldtreatment;Enzymedecomposed;Sterilization香蕉屬于熱帶亞熱帶
7、水果,我國(guó)香蕉產(chǎn)量在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)具有很強(qiáng)的品質(zhì)優(yōu)勢(shì)。但是,香蕉是一種典型的呼吸躍變型水果,不耐貯藏,極易變質(zhì),稍遇旺產(chǎn)滯銷,損失便十分嚴(yán)重,解決這一問題最好辦法就是大力發(fā)展香蕉產(chǎn)后加工。由于香蕉作者簡(jiǎn)介:白衛(wèi)東(1967-),男,仲愷農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院輕工食品學(xué)院副教授。E-mail:whitebai2001@yahoo.com.cn收稿日期:2006-02-13的果膠達(dá)1.l%~1.2%、淀粉達(dá)2%~4%,在加工時(shí)渣汁分離困難。同時(shí)香蕉還含有多酚物質(zhì)、大量糖分和多種氨基酸,在果汁生產(chǎn)中易出現(xiàn)酶褐變和非酶褐變,使產(chǎn)品色澤加深,影響產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。本實(shí)驗(yàn)針對(duì)香蕉加
8、工中存在的問題,集中力量研究了香蕉汁加工的澄清工藝,以滿足生產(chǎn)廠家需求。1材料與方法1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)材料新鮮香蕉:市售,沒有病蟲害和其它物理?yè)p