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1、上海師范大學(xué)摘要近幾十年來,情緒對來源記憶的影響越來越受到認知心理學(xué)家的關(guān)注。本研究通過三個實驗考查了情緒對中文形容詞的項目記憶和來源記憶的影響。在實驗1中,被試學(xué)習(xí)帶有和藹老師和嚴厲老師頭像為背景的正性和負性形容詞,學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)束后進行項目記憶和來源記憶測試。實驗二將被試分為三組,分別通過觀看國際情緒圖片,引發(fā)正性、中性和負性情緒,然后再學(xué)習(xí)帶有戴眼鏡和不戴眼鏡老師頭像為背景的正性和負性形容詞,學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)束后進行項目記憶和來源記憶的測試。實驗三被試分為兩組,被試學(xué)習(xí)帶有和藹老師和嚴厲老師頭像為背景的中性形容詞,學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)束后,通過觀看國際情緒圖片引發(fā)正性和負性情緒,然
2、后再進行來源記憶測試。研究結(jié)果表明,在編碼階段,被試對以和藹老師為來源的評價記憶成績高于對以嚴厲老師為來源的評價記憶成績,被試對負性評價詞的再認高于正性評價詞的再認。在誘發(fā)正性情緒組,無論項目記憶還是來源記憶,正性評價詞記憶的成績都高于負性評價詞的記憶;而在誘發(fā)負性情緒組,負性評價詞的記憶成績顯著高于正性詞的記憶,誘發(fā)中性情緒組記憶正性評價詞和負性評價詞的成績無顯著差異。即無論項目記憶還是來源記憶,都存在情緒一致性效應(yīng)。在提取階段引發(fā)負性情緒時,被試的來源成績更好,而對以和藹老師和以嚴厲老師為來源的評價詞記憶成績沒有顯著差異。本研究的上述結(jié)論對進一步探索情
3、緒和來源記憶的關(guān)系具有一定的啟發(fā),對如何在教學(xué)情境中利用情緒誘發(fā)手段促進學(xué)生的記憶也具有一定現(xiàn)實意義。關(guān)鍵詞:情緒,項目記憶,來源記憶,編碼階段,記憶鞏固上海師范大學(xué)AbstractAbstract:lIlllrllllIPIllllllllllllllllllllPIIIIlllllIPI瑚Y2284627Theeffectofemotiononmemoryhasincreasinglyreceivedattentionfromcognitivepsychologistsoverthepastseveraldecades.Iconductedthreee
4、xperimentstoinvestigateeffectofemotiononitemandsourcememory.InExperiment1,participantslearnedpositiveandnegativeabjectwithnicefaceteacherorwitIlstrictfaceteacher.Followingthelearning,theytookatestforrecognitionandsourcememory.Inexperiment2,participantsweredividedintothreegroups.We
5、usedthreekindsofemotionpictures(positive,neutral,negative)toarousedifferentemotions.Afterwatchingthemparticipantlearnednegativepositiveandnegativeabjectwithwearingglassesorwithoutwearingglasses.Followingthelearning,theytookatestforrecognitionandsourcememory.Inexperiment3,participa
6、ntslearnedneuralabjectwithnicefaceteacherorwithstrictfaceteacher.Followingthelearning,theywatchedtwokindsofpictures(positiveornegative)toarousedifferentemotions.Aftertheywatchedpictures,theytookatestforrecognitionandsourcememory.Themajorfindingsinclude:sourcememorywithniceteachers
7、hasenhancedmemory;recognitionsofnegativewordsarebettertherecognitionofpositivewords.Bothitemmemoryandsourcememoryofpositiveswordswereenhanceswithpositiveemotion.Bothitemmemoryandsourcememoryofnegativewordswereenhanceswith上海師范大學(xué)Abstractnegativeemotion.Thatmeansthesourcememoryhas“mo
8、odcongruenteffect'’Inretrievalper