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1、教學(xué)進(jìn)展第一階段:翻譯的基本知識(shí)及概念√第二階段:翻譯基礎(chǔ):英漢語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比√第三階段:翻譯中常用的技巧第四階段:翻譯中常見的難點(diǎn)第三階段::常用翻譯技巧詞義的選擇、引申和褒貶√加注法√釋義法√歸化法√增減法√重復(fù)法√轉(zhuǎn)換法7.轉(zhuǎn)換法由于英漢兩種語(yǔ)言在語(yǔ)法和表達(dá)方式等方面存在著許多差異,因此英譯漢時(shí)常常有必要改變表達(dá)方式,使譯文通順流暢、地道可讀。這種變通技巧就是轉(zhuǎn)換法(shiftofperspective)轉(zhuǎn)換的形式多種多樣,大體可分為6種:①詞類轉(zhuǎn)換,②句子成分轉(zhuǎn)換,③表達(dá)方式轉(zhuǎn)換,④語(yǔ)序轉(zhuǎn)換;⑤正面表達(dá)與反面表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)換,⑥主動(dòng)式與被動(dòng)式轉(zhuǎn)換一、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換詞類轉(zhuǎn)換是
2、指英語(yǔ)中的某一詞類譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換成另一詞類。轉(zhuǎn)譯為動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)譯為名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯為形容詞其它詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯思考1Anacquaintanceofworldhistoryishelpfultothestudyofcurrentaffairs.AviewofMt.Fujicanbeobtainedfromhere.Upthestreettheywent,paststores,acrossabroadsquare,andthenenteredahugebuilding.Theyweresuspiciousandresentfulofhim.Asheranout,heforgottohav
3、ehisshoeson.(一)英語(yǔ)名詞、介詞、形容詞或副詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1.Anacquaintanceofworldhistoryishelpfultothestudyofcurrentaffairs.讀一點(diǎn)世界史,對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)事是有幫助的.2.AviewofMt.Fujicanbeobtainedfromhere.從這里可以看到富士山。3.Upthestreettheywent,paststores,acrossabroadsquare,andthenintoahugebuilding.他們沿著大街走去,經(jīng)過許多商店,穿過一個(gè)大廣場(chǎng),然后進(jìn)入了一座大廈.4.The
4、yweresuspiciousandresentfulofhim.他們不信任他,討厭他。5.Asheranout,heforgottohavehisshoeson.他跑出去,忘了穿鞋子。二)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)名詞思考2:1.Theinflammationischaracterizedbyred,swelling,fever,andpain.2.ThevisitingguestswereescortedtotheYellowCraneTowerlastSunday.3.Awell-dressedman,wholookedandtalkedlikeanAmer
5、ican,gointothecar.二)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)名詞參考譯文:1.Theinflammationischaracterizedbyred,swelling,fever,andpain.炎癥的特點(diǎn)是紅、腫、熱、痛。v.—n.2.ThevisitingguestswereescortedtotheYellowCraneTowerlastSunday.上星期天,來(lái)訪的客人和陪同人員一起參觀了黃鶴樓。v.—n.二)英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)名詞參考譯文:3.Awell-dressedman,wholookedandtalkedlikeanAmerican
6、,gointothecar.一個(gè)穿著講究的人上了車,他的外表和談吐都象個(gè)美國(guó)人。v.—n.三).英語(yǔ)名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)形容詞思考3:1.Ideeplybelieveinthecorrectnessofmydecision.2.Thegardenpartyisagreatsuccess.三).英語(yǔ)名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為漢語(yǔ)形容詞參考譯文:1.Ideeplybelieveinthecorrectnessofmydecision.我深信我的決定是正確的。2.Thegardenpartyisagreatsuccess.那個(gè)花園聚會(huì)真是成功極了/圓滿極了。四).其它詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯思考4:1.We
7、tookbrief,restlessnaps.2.Thisfilmimpressedmedeeply.3.Heisphysicallyweakbutmentallysound.四).其它詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯參考譯文:1.Wetookbrief,restlessnaps.我們短短地,不安地睡了幾次.adj.—adv.2.Thisfilmimpressedmedeeply.這部電影給了我深刻的印象adv.—adj.3.Heisphysicallyweakbutmentallysound.他身體雖弱,但思想健康。adv.—n.7.轉(zhuǎn)換法:①詞類轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí):Heisnosmoker,b
8、uthis