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1、Alliteration頭韻。Chiasmus交錯(cuò)搭配asyndeton連接詞省略Assonance類韻polysyndeton連詞疊用retoricalquestion修辭問句Consonance輔音韻simile明喻metaphor暗喻metonymy借代Onomatopoeia擬聲詞synecdoche提喻antonomasia代稱Aposiopesis說法中斷法personification擬人parody對(duì)仿synesthesia通感Pun雙關(guān)transferredepithet轉(zhuǎn)移修飾語Anaphora首語重復(fù)法Epiphora尾句重復(fù)法S
2、imploce首末句重復(fù)Anadiplosis頂真Parallelism排比Antithesis對(duì)照Climax遞進(jìn)Anticlimax突降法Syllepsis一語雙敘Zeugma仄式搭配Chapter11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenrhetoricandoratoryinhistory?Rhetoricisprimarilyconcernedwithoraldiscourse.Oratorycanbeconsideredthefoundationofrhetoric,andoratoryismorethanordinar
3、yspeechbutaspecialkindofpublicspeaking.2.Describetheoriginofwesternrhetoric.RhetoricderivesfromtheGreek.Inancienttimes,teachingstudentsrhetoricmeantteachingthemtobecameorators.3.Doyouthinkthatrhetoricisaneutraltoolinhumancommunication?Yes,asatool,rhetoricisinherentlyneithergoodo
4、rbad.Chapter2Brieflystatethehistoryofwesternrhetoric.ItisgenerallyheldthatthehistoryofWesternrhetoricisdividedintosixphases:1)classicalrhetoric(500B.C.—400A.D.,includingtheancientGreekandRomanrhetoric);2)rhetoricintheMiddleAges(476A.D.—1416,fromthecollapseoftheRomanEmpiretotheRe
5、naissance);3)rhetoricintheRenaissance(15—16th,c.);4)newclassicalrhetoric(17—18th,c.);5)rhetoricinthe19thcentury(thelowebbofWesternrhetoric);6)contemporaryrhetoric.WhocontributedmosttotheWesternrhetoric?Brieflyintroducehisachievement.?TheoriginofWesternrhetoriccanbedatedbacktoAri
6、stotle.NotonlythetheoriesofCiceroandQuintilian,eventherhetoricintheMiddleAges,rhetoricintheRenaissance,andthenewclassicalrhetoric,totheessence,stillmaintainthetheoriesofAristotle.Fromtheessence,therhetoriciansafterAristotleonlyaddsomethingtohisoriginaltheories.Thethingsstudiedin
7、Westernrhetoricis,basicallyspeaking,nothingmorethanthefollowingthingAristotleruledinrhetoricintheRenaissance,thatis,thepurpose,theaudience,organicprocess,argument,arrangementandstyle.Chapter3Whyshouldalanguageleaneracquireknowledgeofrhetoric?Rhetorichasbeencloselyassociatedwithe
8、ducation.First,weoughttounderstanditsbroadcurre
