資源描述：
《重慶市第八中學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期高考適應(yīng)性月考（二）英語(yǔ) Word版含解析.docx》由會(huì)員上傳分享，免費(fèi)在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容在教育資源-天天文庫(kù)。
重慶市第八中學(xué)2024屆高考適應(yīng)性月考卷（二）英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)在答題卡上填寫(xiě)清楚。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。在試題卷上作答無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）注意，聽(tīng)力部分答題時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽(tīng)力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthemandolater?A.Gotoaparty.B.Finishhiswork.C.Catchabus.2.WhatcouldMr.Hopkinsprobablybe?A.Arepairman.B.Asalesman.C.Apoliceman.3.WhatdoesthemanthinkofJessie?A.Sheisacoffeelover.B.Sheisingoodshape.C.Sheisnotserious.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Havearest.B.Talkabouthisday.C.Washthedisheslater.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hemissedthespeech.B.Helosthiswaytothetrainstation.
C.Hecouldn’tunderstandwhatthelecturersaid.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有2至4個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答小題。6.Whatisthepurposeofthewoman’scall?A.Toasktheway.B.Tosetatimetomeet.C.Toaskaboutarefrigerator.7.Whendoesthestoreopen?A.At9:00.B.At10:00.C.At11:00.聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答小題。8.WherehasJacksonbeen?A.TotheForbiddenCity.B.TotheGreatWall.C.Tohutongs.9.Whatactivitydidboysalwaysdoinhutongs?A.Theyjumpedrope.B.Theyplayedfootball.C.Theyenjoyedhide-and-seek.10.WhatseemsraretoWesternersabouthutongs?A.Keepingtraditionalhabits.B.Peopleoftenlosingtheirway.C.Differentgenerationslivingtogether.聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答小題。11.Howdoesthemanfeelnow?A.Homesick.B.Annoyed.C.Hungry.12.Whatfestivaliscelebratedinthewoman’smotherlandatthistime?A.Halloween.B.TheDayoftheDead.C.TheNewYamFestival.13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.TreatYonMitolunch.B.Sharesomethingaboutafestival.
C.JoinintheInternationalFallFestival.聽(tīng)下面一段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答小題。14.Whatisthewomanmostconcernedwithaboutthehotel?A.Theprice.B.Theposition.C.Theenvironment.15.Howmuchwillthewomanpayintotal?A.￡220.B.￡400.C.￡660.16.Whereisthehotel?A.Acrossfromacinema.B.OntherightofHydePark.C.OppositeMarbleArchstation.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答小題。17.Whatisthepurposeofsettinguptheproject?A.Tohelpstudentsbereadyforreallife.B.Toteachstudentstowriteapplicationletters.C.Toletstudentsknowaboutsometypicaljobs.18Whatistheheadmasterexpectedtodo?A.Recommendjobstostudents.B.Asktheteachertoexplaintheproject.C.Announcethenewsoftheprojectclearly.19.Whowillhelpstudentstowriteapplicationletters?A.Amemberofthecommittee.B.Theheadmaster.C.Ateacher.20.Whatisthelaststepofdoingtheproject?A.Gatherstudents’opinions.B.Makealistofsuitablejobs.C.Askstudentstotakeonresponsibility.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A
Inc.comIcons&InnovatorsPowerfulbooksElonMuskrecommendsElonMusk’smust-readlistexhibitshiswell-knownanddeepinterestinscience,aswellasthepersonalitiesbehindit.BenjaminFranklinAnAmericanLifeByWalterIsaacsonWhyIt’sInspiring:BorninSouthAfrica,MuskwasalwaysappealedtoAmerica.wherehetookmultipledegrees,foundedhisbusinesses,andgainedcitizenshipattheageof41.MuskseesFranklinasthetypeofAmericanhehimselfwouldliketobeandbecome:acombinationofstatesman,inventor,andbusinessman.CatherinetheGreatPortraitofaWomanByRobertK.MassieWhyIt’sInspiring:Musk’ssisterisanotedfilmdirector,hisfirstwifeanaccomplishednovelist,andhissecondwifeasuccessfulactressstudyingphysics.It’seasytoseehowMuskisdrawntoanhistoricalfigurewhoinmanywaysresemblesthewomeninhislife.EinsteinHisLifeandUniverseByWalterIsaacsonWhyIt’sInspiring:Musk’sfirstcollegedegreewasaBSinphysics,andhiscompanies一SpaceX,Tesla,andSolarCityalldependonadeepandongoingunderstandingofphysicsandchemistry.Einsteinessentiallycreatedhumans’modernunderstandingoftheworld,soit’slogicalthatMuskisinterestedinEinstein’slifeandwork.HowardHughesHisLifeandMadnessByDonaldL.BarlettWhyIt’sInspiring:Despitehisbrillianceasaninventorandbusinessman,Hughesneverachievedtheleveloftechnologicalsuccesshesought.Today,he’srememberedmoreforhisgreatestfailure(theSpruceGoose)thanforhissuccesses.TeslaseesHowardHughesasarolemodelforwhattoavoidratherthanfollow.1.WhichofthefourtypesofpeopledoesElonMuskwanttobe?A.Einstein.B.HowardHughes.C.BenjaminFranklin.D.CatherinetheGreat.
2.WhataspectofHowardHughesinspiresTeslamost?A.Hissuccessintechnology.B.Hisunderstandingoftheworld.C.Hisbrillianceasabusinessman.D.HisfailureintheSpruceGoose.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Areview.B.Awebpage.C.Abiography.D.Anadvertisement.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹ElonMusk推薦的幾本書(shū)。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由AnAmericanLife中“MuskseesFranklinasthetypeofAmericanhehimselfwouldliketobeandbecome:acombinationofstatesman,inventor,andbusinessman.(Musk認(rèn)為富蘭克林是他自己想要成為的美國(guó)人：政治家、發(fā)明家和商人的結(jié)合體)”可知，ElonMusk想成為像富蘭克林那樣的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由HisLifeandMadness中“Today,he’srememberedmoreforhisgreatestfailure(theSpruceGoose)thanforhissuccesses.TeslaseesHowardHughesasarolemodelforwhattoavoidratherthanfollow.(今天，人們對(duì)他的記憶更多的是他最偉大的失敗（theSpruceGoose），而不是他的成功。特斯拉將HowardHughes視為避免而非遵循的榜樣)”可知，HowardHughes在theSpruceGoose上的失敗激勵(lì)了特斯拉。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章開(kāi)頭“Inc.comIcons&Innovators(Inc.com圖標(biāo)和創(chuàng)新者)”可知，.com是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)之DNS上的一個(gè)通用頂級(jí)域，所以這篇文章應(yīng)來(lái)自于一篇網(wǎng)頁(yè)。故選B項(xiàng)。BMytwelve-year-olddaughter,Clementine.isobsessedwiththecharacterElevenfromNetflix’sStrangerThings.Sandwichedbetweentwobrothers,Clementineisroughandawkwardattimes,whatbackinmydaypeoplecalledatomboy.ForawhileIfeared,despiteallthefemaleempowermentmessagesonTVandT-shirts,shewasstartingtothinkgirlswerestupid.ThenalongcameStrangerThings,withitstongue-tiedandbaldrebelwhocansmashtraincarswiththepowerofhermind.Forthemostpart,I’mthrilledthatClementinewantstobeEleven,whoistherareyoungheroine,equallybrilliantandrawandpossessedofperseveranceandhope,withadesireforhumanconnectionandtheskilltobattletheevil.Sheisanenormoussetupfrommychildhoodgirl-crushesincludingallsixIadiesinCharlie’sAngelsand
theLyndaCarterversionofWonderWomanwhoareallcompetitiveandsmart.Butit’sinterestingtomethatmydaughterlituponacharacterwhoseprimaryemotionisthismassiveangerandwhosemainroleintheshowconsistsoflearningtochannelherangertodefeatadarkforce.IsClementineseeingwhatshelongsfororidentifieswith?Ifshehadsuchpowers,whatwouldshewanttodo?Parentseverywhereunderstandthereisamentalhealthcrisisamongstyoungpeople.Girlsespeciallyarelosinghope.Wejustdon’tknowhoworevenwhattofix.MaybeElevencangivethesegirlsablueprint,orfaiththattheycanonedaybeinchargeagain.Maybeshecanencouragethosegirlstofightback.Somewheredeepdown,theysensethatrageisexactlytherightthingtofeel.Andwhywastethatpassionslammingdoorsandcursingbrotherswhentheirangercouldbeemployedtoconquersomuchmore?Forourdaughters,Elevenlaysoutapathintothefuture.Simplybeingambitiousandresourcefulisnolongerenough.Circumstancesarecallingforanewsortofheroine,onewithabrainpotentenoughtomakethebestofheranger.4.WhatcanweknowaboutClementineaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Clementineconsidersgirlsfoolish.B.ClementineisobsessedwithTVdramas.C.Clementinepossessessupernaturalpower.D.Clementinesometimesbehavesinaboyishway.5.Whyistheauthorinterestedinherdaughter’snewidol?A.Becausetheauthoriscuriousabouthowthedarkforceisdefeated.B.Becausetheauthorisnotsurewhetherherdaughterispowerfulenough.C.BecausetheauthortriestounderstandifherdaughterdoesadmireEleven.D.BecausetheauthorwantstofigureoutwhetherElevenisaproperidoltofollow.6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“suchpowers”inparagraph2referto?A.Brillianceanddesire.B.Competenceandsmartness.C.Angeranditsapplication.D.Hopeanditscrisis.7.Whichoffollowingmightbetheauthor’sadviceforgirls?AYounggirlsshouldhavetheirownmodelstofollow.B.Itisnecessaryforgirlstomanagetheirnegativeemotions.C.Theworldneverexpectsgirlstobeangrywithpeoplearoundthem.D.Beingambitiousandresourcefulisnolongerimportantforgirls’growth.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B
【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者女兒Clementine沉迷于《怪奇物語(yǔ)》中的角色Eleven，想當(dāng)一位女英雄，而作者也贊成女兒的做法，認(rèn)為形勢(shì)需要一個(gè)新的女英雄，一個(gè)有足夠強(qiáng)大的大腦來(lái)充分利用她的憤怒的女英雄?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Sandwichedbetweentwobrothers,Clementineisroughandawkwardattimes,whatbackinmydaypeoplecalledatomboy.(Clementine夾在兩個(gè)兄弟之間，有時(shí)粗魯笨拙，在我那個(gè)時(shí)代人們稱之為假小子。)”可知，Clementine有時(shí)表現(xiàn)得很男孩子氣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題，由文章第二段“Forthemostpart,I’mthrilledthatClementinewantstobeEleven,whoistherareyoungheroine,equallybrilliantandrawandpossessedofperseveranceandhope,withadesireforhumanconnectionandtheskilltobattletheevil.(在大多數(shù)情況下，我很高興Clementine想成為Eleven，她是一位罕見(jiàn)的年輕女英雄，同樣才華橫溢，充滿毅力和希望，渴望與人建立聯(lián)系，并具備與邪惡作斗爭(zhēng)的技能。)”以及“Butit’sinterestingtomethatmydaughterlituponacharacterwhoseprimaryemotionisthismassiveangerandwhosemainroleintheshowconsistsoflearningtochannelherangertodefeatadarkforce.IsClementineseeingwhatshelongsfororidentifieswith?Ifshehadsuchpowers,whatwouldshewanttodo?(但我感興趣的是，我的女兒發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)角色，她的主要情感是巨大的憤怒，她在劇中的主要角色是學(xué)會(huì)引導(dǎo)她的憤怒來(lái)?yè)魯『诎祫?shì)力。Clementine看到了她渴望或認(rèn)同的東西嗎？如果她有這樣的權(quán)力，她會(huì)想做什么？)”可知，作者對(duì)女兒新偶像感興趣的原因是試圖了解她的女兒是否真的很欣賞Eleven。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。由文章第二段“Butit’sinterestingtomethatmydaughterlituponacharacterwhoseprimaryemotionisthismassiveangerandwhosemainroleintheshowconsistsoflearningtochannelherangertodefeatadarkforce.IsClementineseeingwhatshelongsfororidentifieswith?Ifshehadsuchpowers,whatwouldshewanttodo?(但我感興趣的是，我的女兒發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)角色，她的主要情感是巨大的憤怒，她在劇中的主要角色是學(xué)會(huì)引導(dǎo)她的憤怒來(lái)?yè)魯『诎祫?shì)力。Clementine看到了她渴望或認(rèn)同的東西嗎？如果她有這樣的權(quán)力，她會(huì)想做什么？)”可知，文章中suchpowers指代前文“channelherangertodefeatadarkforce”即憤怒以及如何應(yīng)用憤怒。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Somewheredeepdown,theysensethatrageisexactlytherightthingtofeel.Andwhywastethatpassionslammingdoorsandcursingbrotherswhentheirangercouldbeemployedtoconquerso
muchmore?(在內(nèi)心深處的某個(gè)地方，她們感覺(jué)到憤怒正是正確的感覺(jué)。既然兄弟們的憤怒可以用來(lái)征服更多，為什么還要浪費(fèi)這種激情去摔門(mén)詛咒男孩們呢？)”以及文章最后一段“Forourdaughters,Elevenlaysoutapathintothefuture.Simplybeingambitiousandresourcefulisnolongerenough.Circumstancesarecallingforanewsortofheroine,onewithabrainpotentenoughtomakethebestofheranger.(對(duì)于我們的女兒們來(lái)說(shuō)，Eleven為她們開(kāi)辟了一條通往未來(lái)的道路。僅僅雄心勃勃和足智多謀是不夠的。形勢(shì)需要一個(gè)新的女英雄，一個(gè)有足夠強(qiáng)大的大腦來(lái)充分利用她的憤怒的女英雄。)”可知，作者建議女孩們應(yīng)管理好自己的消極情緒（憤怒），不應(yīng)該用它來(lái)做一些破壞性事情，而應(yīng)用它作更多有意義的事情，成為女英雄。故選B項(xiàng)。CInthewinterof2022,AndreasKellerdecidedthetimewasrighttobranchoutfromhisdayjobasascientistandlaunchanewartgallery.Notjustanygallery,butonedevotedentirelytosmell-basedart.Smellhasalwaysbeenourunderdogsense,though.Ourscientificunderstandingofhowsmellworksfallssofarbehindourgraspofhearingandvision,andsmellscannotatthispointberecordedoremailedorInstagrammed.It’sbothprimitiveandcomplex,whichmakesithardtostudyandharderstilltobringintoourincreasinglydigitalexistence.“Whenyouareaskedtosmellart,”Kellersays,“yourealizehowpooryourperceptionoftheworldiswhenyoulimityourselftothevisual.”Forseveralweeks,thegallery’swindowswerecoveredintintoallowforfullimmersioninthesmellof“oldbanana”and“youngbanana”.Orthevisitorsmaygetasmellofaperfumer’sinterpretationofwhatabeavermightsmellliketoadogorabee’shomemadeperfume.Somepeoplegotveryconfused.Thenthere’salwayssomebodywhocan’tsmellanythingandthinksit’sasillytrick.Thosevisitorswillingandabletostayandthinkcarefullyaboutascentbythenameof“sinner”oftenargueaboutwhattheyaresmellingisthathospitalstuff?Churchincense(熏香)?ThesepersonalresponsesareexactlywhatKellerhasdevotedmuchofhisacademiclifetostudying:Whydovariousindividualsseemtounderstandthesamesmellsdifferently,orinterpretthesamesmellsindifferentways,ornotnoticesomeofthematall?Suchquestionsareattheheartofthelargerproblemofhowsmellsarecodedbythebrain.Perhapsscientistwillsooncatchwindoftheanswers,asthepandemichasalsobroughtafloodofnewfundingtothisfield.Progressinthisfieldmaydependonunusualcreativityandcooperation,betweenperfumersandlanguageexperts,artistsandengineers.“Perceptionisaphilosophicalaswellasascientificproblem.”Kellersays.8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“underdog”inparagraph2?A.Acquired.B.Strong.C.Natural.D.Ignored.
9.Whydidsomevisitorsthinktheywerefooled?A.Becausetheyfeltsick.B.Becausetheysmeltnothing.C.Becausetheywerelimitedtothevisual.D.Becausetheywereimmersedinthesmellofbanana.10.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthescienceofsmell?A.Itiscodedbythebrainindifferentways.B.Ithassufferedfromlackoffundsforalongtime.C.Ithasthepotentialtoanswerphilosophicalquestions.D.Itneedstheteamworkofprofessionalsinvariousfields.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SniffingOuttheScienceofSmellingB.SmellingExperiment—ASillyTrickC.InterpretingSmellsinDifferentWaysD.ArguingAboutSmelling—AHospitalStuff【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)只需要用鼻子聞的藝術(shù)館。【8題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Ourscientificunderstandingofhowsmellworksfallssofarbehindourgraspofhearingandvision,andsmellscannotatthispointberecordedoremailedorInstagrammed.It’sbothprimitiveandcomplex,whichmakesithardtostudyandharderstilltobringintoourincreasinglydigitalexistence.(我們對(duì)氣味工作原理的科學(xué)理解遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后于我們對(duì)聽(tīng)覺(jué)和視覺(jué)的理解，而且氣味目前還無(wú)法被記錄下來(lái)、通過(guò)電子郵件發(fā)送或在Instagram上傳播。氣味既原始又復(fù)雜，這使得它很難研究，更難以將其帶入我們?nèi)找鏀?shù)字化的生活中)”可知，嗅覺(jué)難以理解和轉(zhuǎn)化，不如聽(tīng)覺(jué)和視覺(jué)那樣應(yīng)用廣泛。由此推知，劃線詞underdog表示“被忽視的”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Somepeoplegotveryconfused.Thenthere’salwayssomebodywhocan’tsmellanythingandthinksit’sasillytrick.(有些人很困惑?？傆腥寺劜坏饺魏螙|西，認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)愚蠢的把戲)”可知，總是會(huì)有人什么也聞不出來(lái)，覺(jué)得這個(gè)是惡作劇。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】
推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Progressinthisfieldmaydependonunusualcreativityandcooperation,betweenperfumersandlanguageexperts,artistsandengineers.“Perceptionisaphilosophicalaswellasascientificproblem.”Kellersays.(這一領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)步可能取決于香水師和語(yǔ)言專家、藝術(shù)家和工程師之間不同尋常的創(chuàng)造力和合作?！案兄且粋€(gè)哲學(xué)問(wèn)題，也是一個(gè)科學(xué)問(wèn)題?！眲P勒說(shuō))”可知，該領(lǐng)域的發(fā)展有賴于異乎尋常的創(chuàng)造性和合作等。由此推知，嗅覺(jué)科學(xué)需要來(lái)自不同領(lǐng)域的專家的共同努力。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Inthewinterof2022,AndreasKellerdecidedthetimewasrighttobranchoutfromhisdayjobasascientistandlaunchanewartgallery.Notjustanygallery,butonedevotedentirelytosmell-basedart.(2022年冬天，安德烈亞斯·凱勒(AndreasKeller)決定是時(shí)候從他的科學(xué)家日常工作中走出來(lái)，創(chuàng)辦一家新的藝術(shù)畫(huà)廊了。不是隨便一家畫(huà)廊，而是一家完全致力于嗅覺(jué)藝術(shù)的畫(huà)廊)”及下文介紹可知，本文主要介紹了一個(gè)嗅覺(jué)藝術(shù)館。由此可知，SniffingOuttheScienceofSmelling(嗅出嗅覺(jué)的科學(xué))適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DAteamofurbanplannersandinformationscientistsatTsinghuaUniversityinChinahasfoundthatanAI-basedurbanplanningsystemcouldoutperformhumanexpertsincreatingurbanplanningdesigns.Intheirstudy,thegroupintroducedthefactorsfortheidealurbanplanandhowwelltheirAIdidwhentested.Formuchofhistory,citieshavebeenlefttogroworganically—immediateneedsweredeterminedandurbanplannersattemptedtofulfillthoseneeds.Sucharandomapproachtourbangrowthhasoftenledtoless-favoredresults.Inmorerecenttimes,cityofficialsandotherplannershaveattemptedtotakeamorelogicalapproachtotheproblembycreatingdesignsthataccountforlivabilityandpollutioncontrols.Thishasresultedinthedevelopmentofurbanplanningasascienceandtheemergenceofurbandevelopmentprofessionals.Thissciencecanbecomplicatedduetotheincreasingnumberofvariablesthatmustbeaccountedforasanewdevelopmentexpands.Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamattemptedtoapplyAItoeasetheburden.Inhopethatresidentsoftheplannedcommunitycouldtravelfromtheirhomestoessentialserviceswithin15minutes,theresearcherstrainedthesystemwithpriorplanscraftedbyhumansalongwithfactorsthatarebelievedtobegooddesignfeaturessuchastheinclusionofparks,generalgreenery,bikepathsandplacesforentertainment,thusimprovingtheirqualityoflife.Oncethesystemwasbuilt,theresearchgroupusedittofirstdesignasmall-sizecityblock.Theywouldadjustthesystemforfurtherimprovementsandgraduallyincreasedthesizeandstudieditsresults.Itturnedoutthattheplansthesystemdevelopedwereasgoodorbetterthanthosecreatedbyhumansyetahugereductionintime(fromhourstoseconds).Theteamconcludesthattheirsystemisnotmeanttoreplacehuman
urbanplanners,buttofreethemfromthemundane(單調(diào)的)partsofurbanplanning,allowingthemtofocusonoverallconcepts.Hopefully,itwouldbeanefficiencybooster,ifdoneright.12.Whywasurbanplanningoftenunsatisfactoryinhistory?A.Urbangrowthwasnotwell-organized.B.Urbanplanningexpertswereinshortage.C.Cityofficialsfailedtomeetresidents’needs.D.Cityofficialsignoredthefactorsforidealurbanplan.13.WhatfactorsdidtheresearchteamconsiderwhentrainingtheAIsystem?A.Largecommunityandecoparks.B.Economicdevelopmentandjobopportunities.C.Smoothtrafficandadvancedgreenbelt.D.Convenienttransportandpublicservices.14.WhatisthemainadvantageoftheAI-basedurbanplanningsystem?A.Itreducestheburdenonhumanurbanplanners.B.Itguaranteesoptimalresultsforurbandevelopment.C.Itensuresfastercompletionofurbanplanningprojects.D.Iteliminatestheneedforanyhumaninvolvementinplanning.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheAIsystem?A.Dismissive.B.Approving.C.Critical.D.Ambiguous.【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)研究表明基于人工智能的城市規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)在創(chuàng)建城市規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)方面可以勝過(guò)人類(lèi)專家，但該系統(tǒng)并不是要取代人類(lèi)城市規(guī)劃者，而是要讓他們從城市規(guī)劃的世俗部分中解放出來(lái)，讓他們能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂谡w概念?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Formuchofhistory,citieshavebeenlefttogroworganically—immediateneedsweredeterminedandurbanplannersattemptedtofulfillthoseneeds.Sucharandomapproachtourbangrowthhasoftenledtoless-favoredresults.(在歷史的大部分時(shí)間里，城市都是有組織地發(fā)展的——直接需求是確定的，城市規(guī)劃者試圖滿足這些需求。這種對(duì)城市發(fā)展的隨機(jī)方法往往導(dǎo)致不太受歡迎的結(jié)果)”可知，人們想要城市有組織地發(fā)展，但對(duì)城市發(fā)展的隨機(jī)方法往往導(dǎo)致不太受歡迎的結(jié)果，即城市規(guī)劃在歷史上常常令人不滿意。故選A項(xiàng)。
【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“Inhopethatresidentsoftheplannedcommunitycouldtravelfromtheirhomestoessentialserviceswithin15minutes,theresearcherstrainedthesystemwithpriorplanscraftedbyhumansalongwithfactorsthatarebelievedtobegooddesignfeaturessuchastheinclusionofparks,generalgreenery,bikepathsandplacesforentertainment,thusimprovingtheirqualityoflife.(為了希望規(guī)劃社區(qū)的居民能夠在15分鐘內(nèi)從家中前往基本服務(wù)，研究人員用人類(lèi)事先制定的計(jì)劃以及被認(rèn)為是良好設(shè)計(jì)特征的因素對(duì)該系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了培訓(xùn)，如公園、一般綠化、自行車(chē)道和娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所，從而提高了他們的生活質(zhì)量)”可知，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)在訓(xùn)練人工智能系統(tǒng)時(shí)考慮了如公園、一般綠化、自行車(chē)道和娛樂(lè)場(chǎng)所等這些設(shè)施，即考慮了“便捷的交通和公共服務(wù)”兩個(gè)因素。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“Inthisneweffort,theresearchteamattemptedtoapplyAItoeasetheburden.(在這項(xiàng)新的努力中，研究團(tuán)隊(duì)試圖應(yīng)用人工智能來(lái)減輕負(fù)擔(dān))”和最后一段中“Itturnedoutthattheplansthesystemdevelopedwereasgoodorbetterthanthosecreatedbyhumansyetahugereductionintime(fromhourstoseconds).Theteamconcludesthattheirsystemisnotmeanttoreplacehumanurbanplanners,buttofreethemfromthemundane(單調(diào)的)partsofurbanplanning,allowingthemtofocusonoverallconcepts.(事實(shí)證明，該系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)的計(jì)劃與人類(lèi)創(chuàng)建的計(jì)劃一樣好或更好，但時(shí)間卻大大縮短（從數(shù)小時(shí)縮短到數(shù)秒）。該團(tuán)隊(duì)得出結(jié)論，他們的系統(tǒng)并不是要取代人類(lèi)城市規(guī)劃者，而是要讓他們從城市規(guī)劃的世俗部分中解放出來(lái)，讓他們能夠?qū)Ｗ⒂谡w概念)”可知，基于人工智能的城市規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)的主要優(yōu)勢(shì)是規(guī)劃城市用時(shí)短，能讓人類(lèi)城市規(guī)劃者從城市規(guī)劃的世俗部分中解放出來(lái)，減輕人類(lèi)城市規(guī)劃者的負(fù)擔(dān)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中“Itturnedoutthattheplansthesystemdevelopedwereasgoodorbetterthanthosecreatedbyhumansyetahugereductionintime(fromhourstoseconds).(事實(shí)證明，該系統(tǒng)開(kāi)發(fā)的計(jì)劃與人類(lèi)創(chuàng)建的計(jì)劃一樣好或更好，但時(shí)間卻大大縮短（從數(shù)小時(shí)縮短到數(shù)秒）)”和“Hopefully,itwouldbeanefficiencybooster,ifdoneright.(如果做得好的話，希望它能提高效率)”可知，基于人工智能的城市規(guī)劃系統(tǒng)有其優(yōu)勢(shì)，作者希望它能做得更好、提高效率，可得出作者對(duì)其持贊成態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manyfriendshipshitroughpatches.Sometimesitisworththeemotionalstraintoworkthroughyourproblems,whileatothertimes,especiallywhenafriendshipisharmful,itisn’t.____16____Herearesometipsforreference.●Reflectandwritedownthegood.Beforeyoufaceadifficultconversationwithafriend,pauseandreflectfirst.Thinkofaspecificmomentthat
thisfriendshiphasbroughtyoujoyorexcitement.Usingthatmemoryasinspirationtowritedownthingsyouappreciateaboutafriend.____17____Evenifthereisstilltension,thatappreciationwillgoalongwaytobuildingmutualunderstanding.●Chooseadifferentwaytocommunicate.Ifrepaireffortshavenotworkedviayourusualtechchannels,tryanotherwaytocommunicate.____18____Sendsomepostcards,deliverexquisitehandicraftsormailsomeoneabookyouthinktheywouldenjoy.Attachedwiththesegifts,ahand-writtenletterexplainingwhyyouthinktherelationshipfeelsawkwardandwhyyouwanttorepairitishighlyrecommended.●____19____Ifyoutakeastepbackfromthefriendshipandnoticethatit’sdoingmoreharmthangood,forexample,yourfriendisn’trootingforyoursuccess,bulliesyou,isinconsiderate,oryoufeeldrainedormisunderstoodbythem,itmightbetimetoendinsteadofmend.____20____Inotherwords,thegooddoesnotnecessarilyoutweighthebadifthere’stoomuchbad.Thus,droptherelationshiponceyouperceiveanydangeroussignshowingyouarebeinghurt.A.Followtheredflags.B.Menditbeforeit’stoolate.C.Peoplearethrilledtogetmailthat’snotacatalogorabill.D.Howtorepairafriendshiporleaveitbehindifit’stoxic?E.Notallfriendshipslastalifetimeandit’sOKtogiveupabadone.F.Thisindicatesevaluatingthebalanceofharmversusgoodiscrucial.G.Then,sharingthatlistinconversationwiththefriendregardlessoftheoutcome.【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。當(dāng)友誼出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，有時(shí)費(fèi)神解決你的問(wèn)題是值得的，而在其他時(shí)候，尤其是當(dāng)友誼變得有害時(shí)，就不值得了。評(píng)估傷害與好處的平衡至關(guān)重要?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Sometimesitisworththeemotionalstraintoworkthroughyourproblems,whileatothertimes,especiallywhenafriendshipisharmful,itisn’t.(有時(shí)，費(fèi)神解決你的問(wèn)題是值得的，而在其他時(shí)候，尤其是當(dāng)友誼有害時(shí)，就不值得了。)”可知此處上下文說(shuō)的是解決友誼的問(wèn)題值得費(fèi)神，但是如果友誼有害了，就不值得了，與D項(xiàng)“Howtorepairafriendshiporleaveitbehindifit’stoxic?(如何修復(fù)一段友誼，或者在它變得有害的情況下把它拋在腦后？)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選D項(xiàng)。
【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Usingthatmemoryasinspirationtowritedownthingsyouappreciateaboutafriend.(用這段記憶作為靈感，寫(xiě)下你對(duì)朋友的感激之情。)”可知此處上下文說(shuō)的是將你對(duì)朋友的感激之情列清單，可推理出下文說(shuō)的是使用這個(gè)清單改善友誼，與G項(xiàng)“Then,sharingthatlistinconversationwiththefriendregardlessoftheoutcome.(然后，在與朋友的對(duì)話中分享該單，而不管結(jié)果如何。)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Sendsomepostcards,deliverexquisitehandicraftsormailsomeoneabookyouthinktheywouldenjoy.(寄一些明信片，送上精美的手工藝品，或者給別人寄一本你認(rèn)為他們會(huì)喜歡的書(shū)。)”可推理出此處上下文說(shuō)的是寫(xiě)一封信，里面要有讓對(duì)方高興的東西，與C項(xiàng)“Peoplearethrilledtogetmailthat’snotacatalogorabill.(人們很高興收到不是目錄或賬單的郵件。)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Ifyoutakeastepbackfromthefriendshipandnoticethatit’sdoingmoreharmthangood,forexample,yourfriendisn’trootingforyoursuccess,bulliesyou,isinconsiderate,oryoufeeldrainedormisunderstoodbythem,itmightbetimetoendinsteadofmend.(如果你從友誼中退一步，發(fā)現(xiàn)它弊大于利，例如，你的朋友不支持你的成功，欺負(fù)你，不體貼你，或者你覺(jué)得被他們耗盡了精力或誤解了，那么可能是時(shí)候結(jié)束而不是修復(fù)了。)”可知此處上下文說(shuō)的是要注意友誼變得有害的信號(hào)，如果友誼變得有害了，要及時(shí)結(jié)束而不是去修復(fù)，與A項(xiàng)“Followtheredflags.(密切注視危險(xiǎn)信號(hào))”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Inotherwords,thegooddoesnotnecessarilyoutweighthebadifthere’stoomuchbad.(換句話說(shuō)，如果壞的東西太多，那么好的東西并不一定大于壞的東西。)”可知此處上下文說(shuō)的是對(duì)好壞的評(píng)估很重要，與F項(xiàng)“Thisindicatesevaluatingthebalanceofharmversusgoodiscrucial.(這表明評(píng)估傷害與好處的平衡至關(guān)重要。)”表達(dá)的含義一致，故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TomandIfoundthemoneythattherobbershidinthecave,anditmadeusrich.Weeachgotsixthousanddollars.Itwasanawful____21____ofmoneywhenitwaspiledup.JudgeThatcherkeptitinhishouse,and____22____usadollaraday.Thewidow(寡婦),Douglas,tookmeforherson,and____23____shewouldcivilizemebutitwas____24____livinginthehouseallthetime.Consideringhowmiserablyregularanddecentthewidow
wasinallherwaysandsowhenIcouldstanditnolonger,I____25____.Igotintomyoldragsagain,andfelt____26____.ButTomSawyercameupandsaidhewasgoingtostartabandofrobbers,andImightjoinifIwouldgobacktothewidowandbe____27____.SoIwentback.Thewidowcriedoverme,calledmeapoorlostlamb,and____28____mealotofothernames,too,butshe____29____noharmbyit.Sheputmeinthenewclothesagain,andIfeltsonervousthatI_____30_____allover.Withnightapproaching,Iwentuptomyroomwithacandle.Afteralongtime,Iheardtheclock_____31_____twelveandallwasquietagain.PrettysoonIheardabranchbreakinthedark.Isatstillandlistenedattentively.Icould_____32_____hearafaint“me-yow!me-yow!”downthere.Thatwasgood!Isaid“me-yow!me-yow!”as_____33_____asIcould,andthenIputoutthe_____34_____,climbedoutofthewindowand_____35_____downtotheground.Sureenough,therewasTomSawyerwaitingforme.21.A.bitB.sightC.wasteD.weight22.A.savedB.paidC.fetchedD.charged23.A.announcedB.instructedC.predictedD.urged24.A.pleasantB.roughC.inconvenientD.dangerous25.A.felloverB.brokeawayC.tookoverD.ranaway26.A.refreshedB.ashamedC.dizzyD.proud27.A.braveB.creativeC.cuteD.respectable28A.gaveB.madeC.calledD.found29.A.meantB.showedC.sensedD.saw30.A.weptB.sweatedC.struggledD.heated31.A.windB.sayC.strikeD.sound32.A.clearlyB.barelyC.deliberatelyD.accidentally33.A.excitedB.loudC.softD.fluent34.A.clothesB.branchC.clockD.light35.A.steppedB.bentC.ranD.slid【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了哈克貝利·費(fèi)恩被好心人收留，但是不安于天天住在房子里的生活，逃跑并與湯·姆索亞會(huì)合?！?1題詳解】
考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那么多錢(qián)堆在一起，看上去實(shí)在是嚇人。A.bit小量；B.sight景象；C.waste浪費(fèi)；D.weight重量。根據(jù)下文“whenitwaspiledup(當(dāng)錢(qián)被堆積起來(lái)的時(shí)候)”可知，此處上下文說(shuō)的是錢(qián)堆積起來(lái)的時(shí)候，他們看到的景象，故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：撒切爾法官把它放在他家里，每天給我們拿一美元。A.saved拯救；B.paid支付；C.fetched拿來(lái)；D.charged收費(fèi)。根據(jù)上文“JudgeThatcherkeptitinhishouse(撒切爾法官把它放在他家里)”可知，撒切爾法官要把錢(qián)從他的家里帶給我們，故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：寡婦道格拉斯把我當(dāng)成了她的兒子，并宣布她會(huì)教化我，但一直住在房子里很不舒服。A.announced宣布；B.instructed通知；C.predicted預(yù)測(cè)；D.urged強(qiáng)烈要求。根據(jù)下文“shewouldcivilizeme(她會(huì)教化我)”可知，這是寡婦道格拉斯告訴人們的決定，所以空白處應(yīng)填表示“宣布”含義的動(dòng)詞，故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.pleasant令人愉快的；B.rough不舒服的；不適的；C.inconvenient不方便的；D.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)下文“whenIcouldstanditnolonger(當(dāng)我再也忍受不了的時(shí)候)”可知，我感覺(jué)到一直在房子里住著感到不適，故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：考慮到這位寡婦在各個(gè)方面都是多么的平凡和正派，當(dāng)我再也受不了的時(shí)候，我就逃跑了。A.fellover意外地跌落；B.brokeaway突然離開(kāi)；C.tookover接管；D.ranaway逃跑。根據(jù)上文“whenIcouldstanditnolonger(當(dāng)我再也忍受不了的時(shí)候)”以及下文“Igotintomyoldragsagain(我又穿上了破爛衣服)”可推理出我從房子里逃跑了，故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我又穿上了破爛衣服，精神抖擻。A.refreshed恢復(fù)精神的；B.ashamed慚愧的；C.dizzy眩暈的；D.proud自豪的。根據(jù)上文“whenIcouldstanditnolonger(當(dāng)我再也忍受不了的時(shí)候)”可知，我在房子里的時(shí)候感到不適，可推理出我逃跑并穿上破爛衣服以后，擺脫了不適的感覺(jué)，精神抖擻，故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但湯姆·索亞走了過(guò)來(lái)，說(shuō)他要組織一伙強(qiáng)盜，如果我能回到寡婦身邊，表現(xiàn)得體面一點(diǎn)，我就可以加入。A.brave勇敢的；B.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；C.cute漂亮迷人的；D.respectable體面的。根據(jù)上文“gobacktothewidow(回到寡婦身邊)”可知，寡婦道格拉斯很體面，湯姆·索亞讓我回到寡婦身邊，變得體面一些，故選D項(xiàng)。
【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：寡婦為我哭泣，稱我為一只可憐的迷路的羔羊，還叫了我很多其他的名字，但她并沒(méi)有惡意。A.gave給；B.made制作；C.called稱呼；D.found發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)上文“calledmeapoorlostlamb(稱我為一只可憐的迷路的羔羊)”以及下文“alotofothernames(很多其他的名字)”可推理出空白處應(yīng)填表示“稱呼”含義的動(dòng)詞，故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.meant表示……的意思；B.showed出示；C.sensed感覺(jué)；D.saw看見(jiàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，meannoharm為固定短語(yǔ)，含義為“沒(méi)有惡意”，符合句意，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她又給我穿上了新衣服，我感到非常緊張，渾身都是汗。A.wept哭；B.sweated出汗；C.struggled斗爭(zhēng)；D.heated加熱。根據(jù)上文“Ifeltsonervousthat(我感到非常緊張，以至于……)”可知，我在換上新衣服的時(shí)候，感到不適，分析四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，B項(xiàng)“sweated出汗”表達(dá)的含義符合語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：過(guò)了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，我聽(tīng)到鐘敲了十二下，一切又安靜了下來(lái)。A.wind使喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)；B.say說(shuō)；C.strike敲；D.sound發(fā)出聲響。根據(jù)上文“Iheardtheclock(我聽(tīng)到鐘聲)”可知作者聽(tīng)到了敲鐘的聲音，故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我勉強(qiáng)聽(tīng)到下面微弱的“我喲！我喲！”。A.clearly清晰地；B.barely勉強(qiáng)地；C.deliberately故意地；D.accidentally偶然地。根據(jù)下文“faint(微弱的)”可知，聲音很微弱，我勉強(qiáng)聽(tīng)見(jiàn)，故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我盡可能輕柔地說(shuō)“我喲！我喲！”，然后我關(guān)了燈，爬出窗戶，滑到地上。A.excited激動(dòng)的；B.loud大聲的；C.soft輕柔的；D.fluent流利的。根據(jù)上文“faint(微弱的)”可知，湯姆·索亞的聲音很微弱，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)為晚上十二點(diǎn)，他們之間說(shuō)話不希望被別人聽(tīng)到，所以我回應(yīng)的聲音盡可能輕柔，故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.clothes衣服；B.branch樹(shù)枝；C.clock鐘；D.light燈。根據(jù)上文“putout(熄滅)”可知，我熄滅了臥室的燈，故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.stepped踩；B.bent彎腰；C.ran跑；D.slid
滑落。根據(jù)上文“climbedoutofthewindow(爬出了窗戶)”以及下文“downtotheground(向下到了地面)”可知，我是從上面的窗戶滑到了下面的地面上，故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Everydayat9am,ZhangCanjin,58,comestoDrumTowerStreetinNingboandwalksintoasmallhouse____36____lessthan10squaremeters.Settlinghimself____37____(comfortable)inhisusualchair,theinheritorofcoppercoinknittingstartshisday.Inancienttimes,coppercoins____38____(represent)fortuneandwealth.Linkingcoppercoinsonebyonehadthepositivemeaningofaccumulatingwealth.In2018,coppercoinknittingwaslistedas____39____intangibleculturalheritage.Zhanglearnedtheskillfromhisdad____40____young.Thereweren’tthatmanyideasbackthen,justtraditionaloneslikeChineseknotsandswords.Butthisdidn’tsatisfyZhangashegraduallymasteredtheskill.“Knittingthecoinsintodifferentshapesdoesn’tsounddifficult,buttheessenceis____41____(think)bigandbecreative.”Zhangsaid.Sincestartinghiscoppercoinknittingstorein2014,Zhang____42____(spare)noeffortinthinkingbig.Toattractpublicattentionandbetterpromotetheskill,Zhangspenttwomonthscraftingarmor(鎧甲)usingover8,000coins,____43____(tailor)tohisownbodyproportions,in2017.Hethenappliedforanationalpatentfollowingthework’s____44____(complete).Thissuccessgavehimmoreconfidencetocontinuewithhiswork.Evennow,Zhanguseshiswealthofcreativeideastomakemorecoppercoinproductsandsharestheskillwitha____45____(wide)audience.【答案】36.of37.comfortably38represented39.an40.when##while41.tothink42.hasspared##hasbeensparing43.tailored44.completion45.wider【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)銅幣編織的繼承者——張燦金?！?6題詳解】
考查介詞。句意：每天早上9點(diǎn)，58歲的張燦金來(lái)到寧波鼓樓街，走進(jìn)一幢不到10平方米的小房子。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用介詞，表示“……的”應(yīng)用of。故填of?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：這位銅幣編織的繼承者舒舒服服地坐在他常坐的椅子上，開(kāi)始了一天的工作。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞的形式作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞。故填comfortably。【38題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在古代，銅錢(qián)象征著財(cái)富。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“inancienttimes(在古代)”可知，句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式的形式。故填represented?！?9題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：2018年，銅錢(qián)編織被列為非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。設(shè)空后為名詞單數(shù)heritage，表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞的形式，空后為元音音素開(kāi)頭的形容詞，應(yīng)用an。故填an?！?0題詳解】考查連詞。句意：張先生很小的時(shí)候就跟他爸爸學(xué)了這門(mén)手藝。本句為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，原句為：when/whilehewasyoung，當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致且含有動(dòng)詞be時(shí)，可省略從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”為when/while。故填when/while。【41題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：“把硬幣編織成不同的形狀聽(tīng)起來(lái)并不難，但關(guān)鍵是要有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)和創(chuàng)造力?！睆堈f(shuō)。設(shè)空處為非謂語(yǔ)作句子的表語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式表將來(lái)。故填tothink。【42題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自從2014年開(kāi)辦銅錢(qián)針織店以來(lái)，張就不遺余力地想要做大。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Sincestartinghiscoppercoinknittingstorein2014(自從2014年開(kāi)辦銅錢(qián)針織店以來(lái))”可知，句子的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；也可表示從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)合主謂一致。故填hasspared/hasbeensparing。【43題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了吸引公眾的注意，更好地推廣這項(xiàng)技能，2017年，張花了兩個(gè)月的時(shí)間，用8000多枚硬幣根據(jù)自己的身體比例制作了盔甲。設(shè)空處在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞armor，所以應(yīng)該用非謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞tailor和名詞armor之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞的形式。故填tailored?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：工作完成后，他申請(qǐng)了國(guó)家專利。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞的形式completion作賓語(yǔ)，當(dāng)其意為“完成；結(jié)束”時(shí)，其為不可數(shù)名詞，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填completion。【45題詳解】
考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。句意：即使是現(xiàn)在，張還在用他豐富的創(chuàng)意制作更多的銅幣產(chǎn)品，并與更廣泛的觀眾分享他的技術(shù)。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞，根據(jù)空前的more，可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)。故填wider。第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是公眾號(hào)“山城學(xué)術(shù)圈”主席李華。隨著冬天的到來(lái)，學(xué)生們疏于鍛煉。請(qǐng)代表學(xué)生會(huì)給全校學(xué)生寫(xiě)一封倡議信，呼吁大家勤于鍛煉。內(nèi)容包括：1.鍛煉的意義；2.推薦運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目并給出理由。Dearfellowstudents,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________StudentUnion【答案】Dearfellowstudents,I’mLiHua,presidentoftheStudentUnion.Giventhedeclineinourphysicalactivitylevelswithwinterapproaching,Iappealtoallofthestudentstoexercisemore.Itisuniversallyrecognizedthatexerciseisofgreatsignificancetophysicalandmentalhealth.Besidesboostingourimmunesystem,takingregularexerciseenhancesourconcentrationandreducesstresscomingfromstudy.Toencourageeveryonetoliveamoreactivelife,Irecommendengaginginjoggingandskippingrope,whicharecost-effectivewaystoenhanceenduranceandmaintainahealthyweight.Playingbasketballisanotherrecommendationespeciallyresonatingwithboys’interest.Notonlydoesitprovideafull-bodyworkoutbutalsoteamspiritiscultivatedduringtheplay.Comeon!Let’scollectivelyprioritizeourwell-beingbydedicatingtimetoexercise,achievingexcellenceinbothouracademicandphysicalpursuits.StudentUnion【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于倡議信。要求考生給全校學(xué)生寫(xiě)一封倡議信，呼吁大家勤于鍛煉?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累
呼吁：callon→appealto意義：meaning→significance建議：suggest→recommend增強(qiáng)：improve→enhance2句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：I’mLiHua,presidentoftheStudentUnion.拓展句：I’mLiHua,whoispresidentoftheStudentUnion.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】Itisuniversallyrecognizedthatexerciseisofgreatsignificancetophysicalandmentalhealth（運(yùn)用了it作形式主語(yǔ)代替后面that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句）【高分句型2】Toencourageeveryonetoliveamoreactivelife,Irecommendengaginginjoggingandskippingrope,whicharecost-effectivewaystoenhanceenduranceandmaintainahealthyweight.（運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性的定語(yǔ)從句）第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Hermouthopeninbothwonderandhorror,Miastaresatthebushcricketthathaslandedinfrontofheronthepicnictable.ThegirliscampingwithherparentsnearFishRiverCanyoninNamibia,insouthwestAfrica.Duringthefirstfewmonthsofayear-longtripthroughAfrica,AsiaandtheMiddleEast,Miaisseeingtheworldwithherparents.Itisafamily’sjourneytoseetheworldbeforeit’stoolatethough.FarfromtheirhomeinQuebec,thefamilies’experiences,brimmingwithcolour,shape,touchandsmell,areespeciallyimportanttothem.Becauseunlesssciencemakesabreak-throughsoon,thelittledaughterMiawillbecomeblind,likelyinadulthood.Shehasbeendiagnosedwithadiseasethathasnoeffectivetreatmentasitgraduallyrobsherofsight.ForMia’sparents,momEdithanddadSebastien,thediagnosecameafterafour-yearsearchforthereasontheirdaughtercouldn’tseeatnight.ThenMia,bangedintofurniturethathermomanddadcouldmakeoutoncetheireyesadjustedtothedark.In2013,whenMiawasthree,thefamilybeganafrustratingseriesofvisitstodoctors,noneofwhomhadananswerforherlackofnightvision.In2015,asalastresort,apediatricophthalmologist(兒童眼科醫(yī)生)enrolledthefamilyinaresearchprojectinwhichtheirentiregenewasmappedout.RP,thenameofthediseasewhichhauntedthepoorgirl,affectedthetissueatthebackoftheeyethatinterpretedimagesinbothblackandwhite,andcolour.Asthediseaseprogresses,thecellsinthemiddle,usedforseeingincolourandforeverydayactivitieslike
readingandwriting,dieoff,too.Theparentswerecalledintothedoctor’soffice,wherethespecialistgaveittothemstraight:“Sofar,nocure.”注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Miawaitingathome,thebadlystrickenparentsstumbledback.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Andsotheideaofayear-longtripwasborn.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】【參考范文】Miawaitingathome,thebadlystrickenparentsstumbledback.Awashwithemotion,Edithscootedintothebathroom,criedgasping,heavingsobs.Duringdinner,Edithmanagedasmileandbrokethenews,“Sweetie,youmaygoblindinadulthood.”Thecoupleheldtheirbreath.“Oh,that’snotfun,”Miasaid.“ButI’llfindthesolution.”Laterthatweek,thecouplewatchedtheyoungsoul,unprompted,tofeelherwayaroundthehousewitheyesclosed,upthestairsanddown,throughthekitchenandlivingroom.Seeingit,thecouplemadeadecision.Andsotheideaofayear-longtripwasborn.Afteranelaboratepreparation,thewholefamilysetout.Theytraveledtheplacesthattheywantedtogoto.Eachday,EdithandSebastienwatchedtheirkidchange,physicallyandemotionally.Miagrewtallerand,onthecuspofadolescence,neededmoreindependence.Besides,shebecamemoreconfidentandoutgoing,unafraidtoengagewithstrangers.Thefamilyitselfgrewmoretight-knitandprotectiveofeachother,whichhelpedwhentheyfacedsituationsthatweredifficulttoexplain.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】
本文以人物為線索展開(kāi)，文章一開(kāi)始講述了米婭和家人在非洲旅行，探索世界，之后講述其背后的原因；四年前米婭晚上看不見(jiàn)，父母帶她去看病，她被診斷出一種沒(méi)有有效治療方法的疾病，醫(yī)生說(shuō)這種疾病會(huì)逐漸使她失明?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫(xiě)：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“米婭在家等著，悲痛欲絕的父母跌跌撞撞地回來(lái)了?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫(xiě)父母回家后的反應(yīng)，告訴米婭實(shí)情，米婭的解決方法和父母的決定。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“于是，一年之旅的想法誕生了?！笨芍?，第二段可描寫(xiě)全家出發(fā)去旅行，米婭在旅行中的變化和家庭聯(lián)系更緊密。2.續(xù)寫(xiě)線索：父母悲痛回家——告訴米婭實(shí)情——米婭就此找應(yīng)對(duì)方法——父母的決定——一年之旅想法誕生——全家去旅行——米婭在旅行中的變化——家庭聯(lián)系更緊密3.詞匯激活行為類(lèi)①作決定：makeadecision/makeadetermination②想要做某事：wanttodosth./feellikedoingsth.③面臨：face/beconfrontedwith情緒類(lèi)①哭泣：cry/weep②不害怕的：unafraid/fearless【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1].Seeingit,thecouplemadeadecision.(運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ))[高分句型2].Thefamilyitselfgrewmoretight-knitandprotectiveofeachother,whichhelpedwhentheyfacedsituationsthatweredifficulttoexplain.(運(yùn)用了which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句)
