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1、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)問(wèn)題探討摘要20世紀(jì)60年代以后,科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛增長(zhǎng),社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)多維化趨勢(shì)顯著。由此,企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)的不確定性大大增加,受到企業(yè)內(nèi)部和外部多方面因素的影響。70年代起審計(jì)訴訟案件頻繁發(fā)生,審計(jì)人員的壓力大大增加。以被審單位的內(nèi)部控制制度健全性與有效性為導(dǎo)向的審計(jì),顯然已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境的需要,于是從審計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估出發(fā),綜合分析被審單位各影響因素的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),成為社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境變化的必然要求。20世紀(jì)80年代初,在高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)環(huán)境的背景下,美國(guó)審計(jì)界最先建立起了審計(jì)風(fēng)
2、險(xiǎn)模型,標(biāo)志著風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)的產(chǎn)生。銀廣夏、東方電子事件發(fā)生后,國(guó)內(nèi)審計(jì)職業(yè)界開(kāi)始反思審計(jì)失敗的原因,認(rèn)為國(guó)外比較成熟的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì),可以有效避免審計(jì)失敗問(wèn)題的發(fā)生,呼吁國(guó)內(nèi)推行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)模式,以降低審計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。全文分為六部分:第一部分介紹研究的目的、意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究概況等內(nèi)容;第二部分是對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)的概述;第三部分闡述風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)產(chǎn)生的主要原因;第四部分介紹風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn);第五部分通過(guò)研究風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)在我國(guó)應(yīng)用所存在的問(wèn)題提出針對(duì)我國(guó)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)存在問(wèn)題的對(duì)策;第六部分通過(guò)前面的研究探討風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì)的
3、發(fā)展趨勢(shì);第七部分為結(jié)論。本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上主要采用規(guī)范研究方法。關(guān)鍵詞:風(fēng)險(xiǎn)導(dǎo)向?qū)徲?jì);原因分析;問(wèn)題對(duì)策;發(fā)展趨勢(shì)OntheRisk-basedAuditingAbstractAbstract:Since1960s,therapiddevelopmentofsciencetechnologyhasgreatlypromotedtheboomingoftheeconomyandhasgivenrisetothetrendofdiversityofthesocialeconomy.Asaresultofth
4、is,theuncertaintyoftheenterprisemanagementincreasesenormously,whichisaffectedbymanyaspectsfrominnerandouterenterprises.From1970s,auditinglawsuitshavebeenfrequent,thestrainonauditorshasbecomemoreandmoreheavy.Thus,theauditingoftheinstitutionalcontrolsystemand
5、thevalidityorientationobviouslycannotmeettheneedsofthehigh-risksocialeconomicenvironment.So,basedontheappraiseofauditrisks,acomprehensiveanalysisofthedevelopingtrendoftheaffectivefactorsofrisk-basedauditinghasbecomeanecessityforthechangeofthesocialenvironme
6、nt.Atthebeginningof1980s,underthehigh-risksocialenvironment,Americanauditingfieldfirstlydesignedarisk-auditpattern,whichsignifiestherisk-basedauditingcomingintoexistence.AftertheYinGuangxiaandTheOrientalElectronevents,ournationalauditingfieldbegantoreflecto
7、nthefailureofauditing,holdingthattherelativelymatureforeignrisk-bastedauditingcouldavoidtheauditingfailureeffectively.Sotheyappealtocarryoutthepatternofrisk-basedauditinginordertopreventtoauditrisk.Basedontheresearchresultsofotherpeople,thispapermainlyadopt
8、sstandardresearchapproachinprobingintotheissue.Thefirstpartintroducesthepurposes,significanceofthepaperandthecurrentresearchbothhomeandabroad.Thesecondpartisthegeneralizationofrisk-basedauditing.Thethi