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1、Chapter12ComparativeBiologyofAnimalCoronaviruses:LessonsforSARSLindaJSaifCoVcancausepotentiallyfataldiseaseinIntroductionhumansaspreviouslyrecognizedforani-ThegenusCoronavirusiscomprisedofatmalCoVs(Table12.1).BecausepneumonialeastthreeantigenicandgeneticgroupsofanddiarrhoeaoccurinSAR
2、Spatients,thiscoronaviruses(CoV)thatcausemildtose-reviewwillfocusonanimalCoVsthatcausevereenteric,respiratoryorsystemicdiseaserespiratoryorrespiratory/entericdiseaseindomesticanimals,wildanimals,poultry(Table12.1)becausethesemayprovideanandrodents,andminorcoldsinhumansinsightintothep
3、athogenesisandevolution(Table12.1).ThenewlyemergedSARSCoVofSARS.isprobablyonedistantlyrelatedtogroup2viruses(Chapter8).Amorphologicaldis-Coronavirusevolutionandtinctionbetweensomegroup2CoVsandpathogenesistheotherCoVgroupsisadoublelayerofsurfaceprojections,theshorterhaemagglu-Group1po
4、rcineCoVs:modelsfortinin(HE)andthelongerspike(S)asappar-entericorrespiratoryCoVdiseaseentforbovineCoV(Fig.12.1A)comparedwithonlythespikeforTGEV(agroup1Newstrainswithalteredtissuetropismcanvirus)(Fig.12.1B;Table12.1).SARSCoVarisefromexistingstrainsthroughmuta-lackstheHEsurfaceprotein.
5、Ithasbeention.Forexample,theporcinerespiratoryreported1thatpolyclonalantiseratothecoronavirus(PRCV)isalessvirulentvariantgroup1CoVs,transmissiblegastroenteritisofTGEVandfelineinfectiousperitonitisvirus(TGEV)andfelineinfectiousperitoni-virus(FIPV)isthevirulentvariantoffelinetisvirus(F
6、IPV),butnottogroup2CoVs,entericcoronavirus(FECoV).5,6Alterna-cross-reactedwithSARSCoV-infectedcells,tively,newstrainsmayoccurafterrecombi-suggestingapotentialantigenicrelation-nationeventssuchasthepotentialSgeneshipwithgroup1CoV.Preliminarydata(XJrecombinantsbetweencaninecoronavirusM
7、eng,personalcommunication)suggest(CCoV)andFECoVtype1leadingtoanewthatthiscross-reactivitymayresideintheFECoVserotype(type2)6,7ortheacquisi-Nprotein.AprecursoranimalSARS-liketionofanin?uenzagroupC-likehaemag-coronavirushasbeenidenti?ed(Chapterglutinin(HE)byBCoVoritsCoVancestor.811)sug
8、gestingthatS
