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1、【標(biāo)題】英語習(xí)得中的母語負(fù)遷移【作者】楊欣【關(guān)鍵詞】語言遷移；負(fù)遷移；英語習(xí)得?【指導(dǎo)老師】張海霞伍海英【專業(yè)】英語【正文】I.IntroductionItisuniversallyacknowledgedthatEnglishandChinesearetwodifferentlanguagesystemsbelongingtoIndo-EuropeanandSino-Tibetanlanguagefamilyrespectively.Whenlearningaforeignlanguage,anindividualalreadyknowshismothertongue,sothatthe
2、yhavebeenveryfamiliarwiththerulesofmotherlanguage.Inaddition,therearesimilaritiesinlanguagelearning.Therefore,whentheylearnanewlanguage,theytransferthoserulesintothesecondlanguageunconsciously,andthentransfersappear.?Transferis?“atermusedbypsychologistsintheiraccountsofthewayinwhichpresentlearning
3、isaffectedbypastlearning”.1Odlinhassuggestedthattransferistheinfluenceresultingfromthesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthetargetlanguageandanyotherlanguagethathasbeenpreviouslyandperhapsimperfectlyacquired?.2Insecondlanguagelearning,thisphenomenonisaverygeneralpsychologicalprocessthatofrelyingonpr
4、iorknowledgetofacilitatenewlearning.Forthefirstplace,beforelearningaforeignlanguage,theexperienceofthelearnerisacquiredandpreservedthroughhisnativelanguage,sotheseexperienceswillbeusedfortheforeignlanguagelearning.Forthesecond,thenativelanguageservesasatoolfortheforeignlanguagelearningandtheknowle
5、dgeandskillofthenativelanguagewillbetransferredtotheforeignlanguageunconsciously.Someofthenativelanguagestructuralknowledgemaybetransferredtothelearners’mentalstateunconsciously.Andthiswouldmakethelearnersproduceanincorrectsentence.ManyofChinesestudentshavealreadyacquiredsomeChinesebeforetheylearn
6、English,whichmakethemnaturallyusetheknowledgeofmotherlanguagetolearnEnglish.Asaresult,theinfluenceofmotherlanguageintheEnglishlearningisunavoidable.Sincethereareequivalents,similaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthenativeandtheforeignlanguageinlinguisticstructure,socialcultureandlogicthought,theformsoft
7、ransferduringtheprocessoflearningaredifferent,includingpositiveandnegativetransfer.Negativetransferhasbeingstudiedforalongtime,becauseitplaysanobviousroleinsecondlanguageacquisitioncomparedwithpositivetransfer.II
